Sinjong

Sinjong 20th King of the Goryeo Dynasty
Spelling of names
Hangeul	신종
Hanja	神宗
Revised Romanization	Sinjong
McCune-Reischauer	Sinjong
Reign
Reign of	1197
Reign until	1204
predecessor	King Myeongjong
successor	King Huijong
Life dates
Born on the	August 11, 1144
place of birth	Kaesŏng , Goryeo
Birth Name	왕탁
Hanja	王 晫
Revised Romanization	Wang Tak
McCune-Reischauer	Wang T'ak
father	King Injong ( 인종 )
mother	Queen Gongye of Jangheung In the Clan ( 공예 )
Death dates
Died on	February 15, 1204
Place of death	Kaesŏng , Goryeo
Spouses, mistresses, offspring
Woman (s)	Queen Seonjeong of the Kaesong Wang Clan ( 선정 )
Sons	King Huijong ( 희종 ) Prince Yangyang ( 양양 )
Daughters	Princess Hyohoe ( 효회 ) Princess Gyeongnyeong ( 경녕 )

King Sinjong ( Korean 신종 ) (born August 11, 1144 in Kaesŏng , Kingdom of Goryeo ; † February 15, 1204 in Kaesŏng, Goryeo) was during his reign from 1197 to 1204 the 20th king of the Goryeo Empire and the Goryeo Dynasty ( 고려 왕조 ) (918-1392).

Life

Sinjong was the fifth-born son of King Injong ( 고려 ) and his wife Queen Gongye ( 공예 ), who came from the Jangheung Im clan. Sinjong was given the name Wang Tak ( 왕탁 ) when he was born . King Sinjong was married to Queen Seonjeong ( 선정 ), who came from the Kaesong Wang clan. The marriage resulted in two sons and two daughters. After his death, his firstborn son became the 21st ruler of the Goryeo Empire under the name of King Huijong ( 희종 ).

Sinjong succeeded his brother Myeongjong ( 명종 ) on the throne when he was deposed by General Choe Chung-heon ( 최충헌 ). After the military rebellion against Sinjong's older brother King Uijong ( 의종 ) in 1170, the three commanders Jeong Jung-bu ( 정중부 ), Yi Ui-bang ( 이의 방 ) and Yi Ko ( 이고 ) had power in the Goryeo Empire taken over, deposed King Uijong and installed Myeongjong as king without powers. After disputes over the power issue in the military leadership and assassinations leading to several changes in military leadership and the exercise of government power in the years up to 1196, General Choe Chung-heon finally took power and took care of it until his death in the year 1219 for the coronation of the kings Sinjong, Huijong ( 희종 ), Gangjong ( 강종 ) and Gojong ( 고종 ) as well as the deposition of King Myeongjong and the two kings Sinjong and Huijong, which he installed himself.

King Sinjong formally stood above his general Choe Chung-heon , but all important decisions in the empire were made by the general. So King Sinjong was nothing more than a figurehead, like all his successors up to the Mongol invasion , after which the rule of the military ended and Goryeo came under the rule of the Mongol Empire , which only came with King Gongmin ( 공민 ), the 33rd monarch of the Goryeo Dynasty ended and the Goryeo Empire regained its sovereignty.

King Sinjong died in 1204. His tomb is not known.

literature

• Ki-baik Lee : A New History of Korea . Harvard University Press , Seoul 1984, ISBN 0-674-61576-X (English, Chinese: 韓國 史 新 論 . 1961. Translated by Edward W. Wagner).
• Michael J. Pettid, Mark C. Mueller, Raymond F. Wall : Kang Kamch'an . In: Yang Hi Choe-Wall (Ed.): Encyclopedia of Korea . Australian National University , Canberra May 1999 (English).
• Han Young Woo : Ancient / Goryeo Era . In: A Review of Korean History . Volume 1 . Kyongsaewon Publishing Company , Pajubookcity, Gyeonggi-do 2010, ISBN 978-89-8341-091-7 (English, translated from Korean by Hahm Chaibong).

Web links

• 신종 [ 神宗 , 1144 ~ 1204]. In: Doopedia . Doosan Corporation.Retrieved November 10, 2019(Korean). 

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Han : Ancient / Goryeo Era . 2010, p.  369 .
2. ↑ 신종 [ 神宗 , 1144 ~ 1204]. In: Doopedia . Doosan Corporation . Retrieved November 10, 2019 (Korean).  
3. ↑ ^{a b} Pettid, Mueller, Wall : Myŏngjong, King (r 1170-1197.) . In: Encyclopedia of Korea . 1999, p.  967 .
4. ↑ Pettid, Mueller, Wall : Ch'oe Ch'unghŏn (1149 to 1219) . In: Encyclopedia of Korea . 1999, p.  125 .
5. ^ Lee : A New History of Korea . 1984, p.  141 f .