Gyeongjong (Goryeo)
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Gyeongjong |
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| Spelling of names | |
| Hangeul | 경종 |
| Hanja | 景宗 |
| Revised Romanization | Gyeongjong |
| McCune-Reischauer | Kyŏngjong |
| Reign | |
| Reign of | 975 |
| Reign until | 981 |
| predecessor | King Gwangjong |
| successor | King Seongjong |
| Life dates | |
| Born on the | November 9, 955 |
| place of birth | Songak , Goryeo |
| Birth Name | 왕주 |
| Hanja | 王 伷 |
| Revised Romanization | Wang Ju |
| McCune-Reischauer | Wang Ju |
| father | King Gwangjong |
| mother | Queen Daemok |
| Death dates | |
| Died on | August 13, 981 |
| Place of death | Kaesŏng , Goryeo |
| Spouses, mistresses, offspring | |
| Woman (s) | Queen Heonsuk ( 헌숙 ) Queen Heonui ( 헌의 ) Queen Heonae ( 헌애 ) Queen Heonjeong ( 헌정 ) and another lady of the court |
| Sons | Mokjong ( 고려 ) |
| Remarks | |
| first son of King Gwangjong and grandson of Taejo , the founder of the Goryeo dynasty | |
King Gyeongjong ( Korean 경종 ) (born November 9, 955 in Songak , Kingdom of Goryeo , † August 13, 981 in Kaesŏng , Goryeo) was during his reign from 975 to 981 the 5th king of the Goryeo Empire and the Goryeo Dynasty ( 고려 왕조 ) (918-1392).
Life
Gyeongjong was the first son of King Gwangjong and his first wife, Queen Daemok ( 대목 ). His birth name was Wang Ju ( 왕주 ). He was named heir to the throne of his father at an early age and was the only heir to the throne, as his younger brother Prince Hyohwa ( 효화 ) died in his childhood. Gyeongjong came to the throne at the age of 19 when his father died in 975.
Not much is known about his reign, except that on the basis of his father's reforms he reorganized the land distribution with the Jeonsigwa ( wa ) law in 976. It gave the peasants more land to farm and use it to pay taxes to the kingdom. The law, which formed two categories of land, Gongjeon ( 공전 ), flowed from the taxes directly to the state treasury and Sajeon ( 사전 ) from which benefited who had made around the state earns, based on the basic assumption that the entire land belonged to the kingdom and the kingdom could distribute the land to privileged persons of the empire and to farmers alike. After the death of the person concerned, the land went back to the kingdom. With the law, King Gyeongjong also put the kingdom on a more stable financial footing.
Among other things, King Gyeongjong was said to enjoy playing Baduk ( 바둑 ) (Go), indulging in music and women and neglecting state affairs.
Gyeongjong died on 981, his grave is unknown.
literature
- Ki-baik Lee : A New History of Korea . Harvard University Press , Seoul 1984, ISBN 0-674-61576-X (English, Chinese: 韓國 史 新 論 . 1961. Translated by Edward W. Wagner).
- John B. Duncan : The Origins of the Choson Dynasty . University of Washington Press , Seattle, London 2000, ISBN 978-0-295-99379-9 (English).
- Han Young Woo : Ancient / Goryeo Era . In: A Review of Korean History . Volume 1 . Kyongsaewon Publishing Company , Pajubookcity, Gyeonggi-do 2010, ISBN 978-89-8341-091-7 (English, translated from Korean by Hahm Chaibong).
Web links
- 경종 [ 景宗 , 955 ~ 981]. In: Doopedia . Doosan Corporation,accessed April 21, 2019(Korean).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Han : Ancient / Goryeo Era . 2010, p. 369 .
- ↑ 경종 [ 景宗 , 955 ~ 981]. In: Doopedia . Doosan Corporation , accessed April 21, 2019 (Korean).
- ^ Lee : A New History of Korea . 1984, p. 105 .
- ^ Duncan : The Origins of the Chosŏn Dynasty . 2000, p. 44 .
- ^ Duncan : The Origins of the Chosŏn Dynasty . 2000, p. 268 .
- ^ I-hwa Yi, E-Wha Lee : Korea's Pastimes and Customs . A social history . Homa & Sekey Book , 2006, ISBN 978-1-931907-38-5 , pp. 7 (English, translated from Korean by Ju-Hee Park).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Gyeongjong |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Wang Ju |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | 5. King of the Goryeo Empire and the Goryeo Dynasty |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 9, 955 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Songak , Goryeo |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 13, 981 |
| Place of death | Kaesŏng , Goryeo |