Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid

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Solaris
Hybrid bus from DVB

Hybrid bus from DVB

Urbino 18 Hybrid
Manufacturer Solaris Bus & Coach
design type low-floor articulated bus with hybrid drive
Production period since 2006
axes 3
engine 5 euro
power Diesel engine: 340 HP (1st version), 250 HP (2nd version);
Electric drive: 2 × 75 kW
length 18 m
width 2.55 m
height 3.25 m
Seats 53
Standing room (1st edition) 108
(2nd edition) 105
Empty weight 16,000-17,700 kg
Perm. total weight 28,000 kg
Similar models Mercedes-Benz Citaro G BlueTec Hybrid , Hess lighTram Hybrid

The Urbino 18 Hybrid is a low-floor articulated line bus with hybrid drive manufactured by the Polish bus manufacturer Solaris Bus & Coach . The Urbino 18 Hybrid was first introduced in 2006 and was the first hybrid bus in Europe to use a standard hybrid system. It uses an Allison Transmission propulsion system in which two electric motors and a diesel engine work together.

functionality

The Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid is based on the Urbino 18 articulated bus, which has been in production since 1999. The main differences are in the drive concept. While the Urbino 18 is powered by a conventional drive train with a diesel engine and automatic transmission , the Urbino 18 Hybrid uses a hybrid drive with electric and diesel motors.

The drive essentially consists of a diesel engine from Cummins and the EP-DRIVE system from Allison Transmission , which contains the electric drive and coordinates the power transmission . The hybrid system of the Urbino 18 Hybrid is a mixed system that can be operated in parallel as well as split-power.

The system had previously been used by other bus manufacturers in several hundred buses in the USA . The Urbino 18 Hybrid is the first hybrid bus in Europe to use this technology as standard.

Components

Diesel engine

The Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid uses Cummins diesel engines . The ISLe4 is available with a displacement of 8.9 liters and 340 hp and the ISBe4 with 250 hp. The engines meet the Euro 4 emissions standard and have been adapted for use in hybrid systems.

Electric drive

The electric drive is the central module of the hybrid drive. It is used to combine the torques of the various motors, known as blending, and consists of two electric motors , each with 75 kW output, two synchronous clutches and three planetary gears . In its appearance, the electric drive is similar to a traditional gearbox, it weighs 417 kg.

Energy storage

During every braking process, the electric drive recovers energy , which is stored in a 437 kg nickel-metal hydride battery and is available again for subsequent start-up processes. The battery is therefore not charged externally. According to the manufacturer, it has a service life of around six years, depending on the individual application profile of the hybrid buses.

Double inverter module

The dual inverters module (DPIM, Eng. Dual Power Inverter Module ) ensures that the electric motors provide sufficient support to the diesel generator that this always in the optimal speed range can be operated. It consists of two converter modules, alternating current / direct current and direct current / alternating current.

Control unit

Two control units mounted on circuit boards complete the system and ensure optimum cooperation between the diesel engine and the electric drive. They also control the cooperation with other vehicle components not belonging to the drive.

Properties of the hybrid drive

According to the manufacturer, the Urbino 18 Hybrid should consume between 15% and 30% less fuel than comparable conventional diesel buses.

It is also stated that buses with the same hybrid technology have measured up to 30% less carbon dioxide , up to 39% less nitrogen oxides and up to 90% less fine dust .

The Saxon newspaper published on June 25, 2008, the following scientific evaluation of the Dresden Transport after a year of trial operation, "... is the economy still well below a normal diesel bus. But the excellent ecological balance of the bus is undisputed. "

The Stadtwerke Münster reported: "The Solaris hybrid bus is currently responsible economically only with additional funding."

First execution

The first version of the Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid, produced from 2006, was equipped with the Cummins ISLe4 engine with an output of 340 hp. The entire drive unit is housed in the front part of the vehicle between the first two axles ; the drive acts on the second axle. The batteries are located in the immediate vicinity on the vehicle roof.

commitment

The first version of the Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid was delivered to the following companies, each using one vehicle:

The vehicle used in the Lenzburg regional bus was awarded the Watt d'Or 2008 energy prize by the Swiss Federal Office of Energy in January 2008 .

Second execution

Hybrid bus from Bremer Straßenbahn AG
Hybrid bus from Ettenhuber

The second version of the Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid has been in production since 2008, in which the drive unit is housed in the rear part of the vehicle and acts on the third axle, as is the case with the conventional diesel-powered Urbino 18. The ISBe4 with 250 HP (178 kW), which is more appropriate to the required output, is used as the diesel engine. Batteries and other secondary components are still housed on the vehicle roof, but on the rear part of the vehicle.

commitment

According to the manufacturer, orders from four companies have been received so far (as of July 22, 2008):

Back to Solaris B&C in summer 2009 | In use again for Solaris B&C as a demonstration and test car since autumn 2009

Web links

Commons : Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c stadtbus.de: Test & Technology: Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid . As of March 13, 2008
  2. ↑ a b Solaris Bus & Coach: Hybrid construction . As of March 13, 2008
  3. ↑ Solaris Bus & Coach: Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid Technical Data . As of March 13, 2008
  4. ↑ Solaris Bus & Coach: Solaris hybrid bus protects the environment in the central Ruhr area . As of March 13, 2008
  5. ↑ Eckhard Schläfke: facts about the hybrid bus. (PDF; 1.0 MB) (No longer available online.) Stadtwerke Münster, October 30, 2008, formerly in the original ; Retrieved on August 10, 2010 (in the last section “Conclusion”).  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.stadt-muenster.de
  6. ↑ Dresdner Verkehrsbetriebe: Dresdner Verkehrsbetriebe AG is testing Europe's first series hybrid bus in regular service . As of March 13, 2008
  7. ↑ Eurobus: Switzerland's first hybrid scheduled bus at EUROBUS ( Memento of November 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 30 kB) Status: October 24, 2007
  8. ↑ stadtbus.de: News: Public Enterprises, September 2007 . As of March 13, 2008
  9. ↑ Bochum-Gelsenkirchen trams: 1. Hybrid bus in NRW celebrates its premiere in the Ruhr area ( Memento from March 10, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) . Bochum, January 4, 2008. As of March 13, 2008
  10. ↑ PKM Sosnowiec: Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid . In: katowice.wyborcza.pl . ( wyborcza.pl [accessed September 19, 2017]).
  11. ↑ Federal Office of Energy: Winner of the Watt d'Or 2008 . As of March 13, 2008
  12. ↑ Solaris Bus & Coach: Press release: Solaris slips well into 2008 - more Euro 5 from Solaris in Poland, more hybrid buses in Germany . Bolechowo, February 7, 2008
  13. ↑ Second generation Solaris hybrid buses delivered. solarisbus.pl, July 22, 2008, accessed on August 10, 2010 .
  14. ↑ News from the trade fair car park traffic. (No longer available online.) In: frankfurter-nahverkehrsforum.de. September 30, 2009, formerly in the original ; Retrieved August 10, 2010 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / frankfurter-nahverkehrsforum.de
  15. ↑ MVV bus line 210 (click on the left under "Hybrid articulated bus")
  16. ^ Vive l'hybride: Solaris hybrid bus for Strasbourg. solarisbus.pl, October 31, 2008, archived from the original on September 10, 2012 ; accessed on August 10, 2010 .
  17. ^ Solaris will supply the first hybrid bus in Poland to MPK Poznan. transportweekly.com, April 4, 2008, accessed August 10, 2010 .
  18. ↑ www.kmk.krakow.pl - Solaris Urbino 18 Hybrid. Retrieved September 19, 2017 (Polish).