St. Blasius (Schallstadt-Wolfenweiler)

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St. Blaise from the west

St. Blasius is the Roman Catholic parish church of Schallstadt , which is located in the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district south of Freiburg im Breisgau . The political community was created on January 1, 1971 through the union of the villages of Schallstadt and Wolfenweiler and was called "Schallstadt-Wolfenweiler" until October 31, 1977. The parish belongs to the pastoral care unit Batzenberg-Schönberg of the Archdiocese of Freiburg . In the new building of the church - 1992 to 1994, on the border between the districts of Wolfenweiler and Schallstadt - at the suggestion of the pastor and art historian Manfred Hermann, the baroque altars, attributed to Matthias Faller , of the church of St. Katharina von Hermann's birthplace Gütenbach , which was demolished in 1963, were incorporated.

history

Evangelical Church Wolfenweiler

A church in today's Schallstadt, in the village of Wolfenweiler, is first documented in 1139 when Erlewin von Wolfenweiler handed it over to the St. Ulrich priory in the Black Forest . It was probably dedicated to St. Peter even then . In 1518 Jakob Otter was a pastor for the Reformation . In 1556, Margrave Charles II officially introduced the Lutheran creed. Some farms, the residents of which remained Catholic, were added to the parish of St. Gallus and Otmar in the east of neighboring Ebringen . For a long time there were conflicts between the monastery of St. Peter and the rulers over the duties and rights of the church patronage .

The medieval, now Protestant Church of St. Peter , on Kirchstrasse in today's Schallstadt, was widened to the south in the 18th century and changed in a neo-Gothic style in 1869 and lengthened by an axis in the west. Until the Second World War there were only about three Catholic families in Schallstadt. With the bombing raids during the war, townspeople fled to the countryside, including Catholics. The influx of refugees after the war brought an even greater influx. For a long time, Catholics used the Protestant parish church as a place of worship. They “always had the feeling that they were welcome guests. The Christians of both denominations were characterized by great openness and willingness to engage in dialogue. ”From 1960, however, Catholics strove for independence and their own church. In 1972 Archbishop Hermann Schäufele established the new parish of Schallstadt-Wolfenweiler . The acquired in 1989 through exchange and donation at the border of the two places on the Won "On the Viehweid" grounds for a complete church center.

Patronage

In the Middle Ages a number of chapels belonged to St. Peter Wolfenweiler, for example in the hamlets of Leutersberg and Föhrenschallstadt, and for example in the old village of Schallstadt the "ecclesia sancti Blasii", named in 1352 and consecrated to St. Blasius of Sebaste , with the St. Blasien monastery was connected. However, the people from Schallstadt always went to St. Peter's Church for Sunday services. During the Reformation the chapel lost its sacred character. In the 18th century it was converted into a school house. When it came to the title saint of their newly built church, the parish decided on the patron saint of the former chapel.

Building history

The rough planning began in 1987. The plans were drawn up by the Archbishop's Building Office with the architects Josef Laule and Hans-Peter Heitzler. In 1992, the foundation stone was laid on September 4, 1994, the Church of Archbishop Oskar Saier consecrated . A novelty was “the task of accommodating the three homeless Matthias Faller altars from Gütenbach in the church. <...> There were models <...> only in existing churches where old choirs were added to new church rooms, such as in Hinterzarten and Pfaffenweiler. In order to give the altars a relationship to their new location, the eastern part of the old choir tower church of Gütenbach was recreated to scale and added to the central area. "

  • St. Katharina Gütenbach around 1890
  • Gütenbach parish church outside 1890.jpg
  • GÜtenbach parish church inside 1890.jpg

The Gütenbach relics were initially kept in a Gütenbach garage. After uses in the St. Ursula chapel in St. Peter (Black Forest) and the parish church of St. Wendelin in Feldberg-Altglashütten had proven impractical, "the hard-worn parts were transported in 1983, on which the glue joints also opened, to Schallstadt and Freiburg. It was only later found out that individual figures (such as a Jesus boy on the globe, hitting the snake at his feet with a lance, furthermore a Mary and a John from a crucifixion group, plus all the putti of the side altars) in St. Peter lost in an unexplained manner. The frame of the high altar main panel, elegantly carved with decorative parts, was also missing. ”The sculptor Wolfgang Kleiser (* 1936) from Vöhrenbach-Urach created the replacement of the lost carvings and the modern furnishings .

building

  • Inside of St. Blaise

  • eastbound

  • To the west

  • To the northwest

The main path on the walled church square leads exactly from the west to the east- facing church. He first encounters a hexagonal covered corridor, above the right, southern corner of which the free-standing tower with a gable roof rises. He takes up "forms of the traditional Markgräfler church towers" - a return to closed, solid construction "after the many dissolved forms of post-war churches". The main path ends at the portal of the church, whose floor plan is similar to the handling and which dominates the community center with a steep hipped roof .

The interior opens up as an octagon, to which the replica of the Gütenbach Choir adjoins in the east. The south-west and north-west walls abut, lower and with gable roofs, community rooms and the sacristy. Light streams through the glass of the roof ridge, through long, low rectangular windows directly under the roof approach in the southwest and northwest walls and through narrow, high rectangular windows in the south and north walls.

Furnishing

Baroque altars and a new celebration altar

The most precious part of the furnishings are the old altars that were made for Gütenbach at the time of the local pastor Xaver Kerkenmayer (in Gütenbach from 1754 until his death in 1779).

The high altar carved Matthias Faller, who probably worked with the SIEDLE cabinetmaker Franz Xaver Stöhr, about 1762. composure was the altar until 1768 from the Donaueschingen painter Franz Anton Widmer. “The intense blue tones on the ascending altar parts, on the columns and volute braces , then also the marbling in dark, flesh-red blending into violet on the supporting parts, which stand out strongly against the light gray of the intermediate parts, are fascinating .” St. Peter is on the left with book and key, on the right St. Paul with book and sword. Only one of the putti is original. The tabernacle is not baroque, but a work from 1936, the tabernacle cross is a copy of Kleiser's after a Matthias Faller cross.

  • High altar

  • overall view

  • Peter

  • Blasius

  • Johannes Nepomuk

  • Paul

According to the patronage there, the main painting of the Gütenbach high altar was a decapitation of Saint Catherine of Alexandria , an early work by Simon Göser . It has remained in Gütenbach and hangs there in the weekday chapel of the new parish church, consecrated in 1965. In 1993, a painting of St. Blaise, created by Johann Pfunner in 1765 in the St. Vincentius Church in March-Neuershausen, was copied for Schallstadt . An angel holds the crown of martyrdom and two crossed candles over the saint in the bishop's robe. The upper picture of Schallstadt shows in a copy from the year 1850 Simon Göser's recovery of the corpse of St. John Nepomuk from the Moldau .

The Gütenbachers only managed to finance their side altars in 1779 from Pastor Kerkenmayer's legacy. The order went back to Matthias Faller, but the execution comes largely from his son Johann Nepomuk (1747–1797). In addition, Franz Xaver Stöhr was probably involved again. The version comes from Hans Georg Gfell or G Cards from Vöhrenbach-Urach. The lost puttos were replaced by plaster casts of puttos from St. Pankratius in March-Holzhausen .

  • Side altars

  • Left altar

  • Assumption Day

  • Right altar

  • Jesus is taken down from the cross

  • Death of St. Joseph

The main characters of the left side altar, the Marian altar, are St. Francis of Assisi with a skull and an apostle, “gladly as St. Andreas interpreted ”. Johann Pfunner painted the pictures. The main painting is an assumption of Mary into heaven by the Trinity , signed by Pfunner in 1780. It “shows the colors typical of Pfunner in red, yellow, blue and green tones <...>. However, the brushwork suggests the assumption that the frequent painter in Breisgau and Ortenau , who suffered from deterioration in his eyesight in old age and also ran an inn, supplied the draft and the preliminary drawing, but a principal did the main and upper image. " The upper picture shows the Archangel Michael . In the niche below the main picture in Gütenbach was the above-mentioned lost sculpture of the adolescent Jesus boy standing on a globe and hitting the devil's serpent with a lance. It was replaced by a Gütenbach sculpture of John the Baptist from 1726.

The main characters of the right side altar, cross altar after the cartouche inscription "SALVE CRUX PRETIOSA" - "Greetings, precious cross", are the evangelist John and St. Anthony of Padua with baby Jesus and lily. Simon Göser created the paintings. The main picture shows the removal of the body of Jesus from the cross by Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus ( Jn 19.38-42  EU ). This picture "shows the mature quality of the most important Freiburg painter in the last quarter of the 18th century". The upper picture shows the death of St. Joseph of Nazareth . In the niche below is the cast of a Pietà from the 17th century that remained in Gütenbach .

Kleiser designed the new celebratory altar, the ambo , the “baptismal font” and the Easter candlestick in such a way that they “express the language of today <...>, but without contradicting or even foreign to the baroque altars”. The wooden celebratory altar is a table with bread and wine on its four feet, while four bronze round disks depict the Lord's Supper , the Mater dolorosa , the conviction of the unbelieving Thomas ( Jn 20 : 24-29  EU ) and the three women at the empty tomb ( Mk 16.1-6  EU ) show. A bronze medallion on the ambo shows the hand of the sower in the parable of the fourfold field .

portal

Two bronze reliefs on the doors of the church show St. Blaise.

meaning

St. Blasius is "the last new construction of a church and community center in the Archdiocese of Freiburg". According to Manfred Hermann, the “Odyssey” of the Gütenbach Altars came to a “happy end” with it. It offers "a balanced measure of modern work of high quality, works of the performing arts made of wood and bronze that are state of the art."

literature

  • Manfred Hermann and others: Sankt Blasius Schallstadt-Wolfenweiler. Schallstadt 1994
  • Discover regional studies online Baden-Württemberg: Schallstadt. Digitized . Retrieved May 13, 2015
  • State Monuments Office Baden-Württemberg and District Office Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald: District of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald. List of cultural monuments. I. The architectural and art monuments of the former Freiburg district. Wolfenweiler. Freiburg im Breisgau 1974.
  • Discover regional studies online Baden-Württemberg: Wolfenweiler. Digitized . Retrieved May 12, 2015
  • Pastoral care unit Batzenberg-Schönberg: St. Blasius Schallstadt-Wolfenweiler. Digitized . Retrieved May 12, 2015
  • State archive administration Baden-Württemberg: Freiburg im Breisgau, urban and rural district, official district description. Volume II, 2: Schallstadt-Wolfenweiler. Rombach, Freiburg im Breisgau 1974, pp. 957-984.
  • Amandus Wagenbrenner: Church leader of the Catholic parish church of St. Katharina in Gütenbach in the Black Forest. Specialized publisher for church photography, Saarbrücken 2000.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Landesdenkmalamt Baden-Württemberg and District Office Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald 1974, p. 352.
  2. ↑ Hermann and others 1994, p. 4.
  3. ^ State Archives Administration Baden-Württemberg 1974, p. 975.
  4. ↑ The churches Maria in der Zarten (Hinterzarten) and St. Columba (Pfaffenweiler) .
  5. ↑ Hermann and others 1994, pp. 18-19.
  6. ↑ In a farm and the cellar of the Archbishop's Ordinariate.
  7. ↑ Hermann and others 1994, pp. 26-27.
  8. ↑ Hermann and others 1994, p. 18.
  9. ↑ Hermann and others 1994, p. 23.
  10. ↑ Wagenbrenner 2000, p. 18.
  11. ↑ March pastoral care unit: Information about the parish church of St. Vincentius Neuershausen. Digitized.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved May 15, 2015.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / kath-march.de  
  12. ↑ a b Hermann and others 1994, p. 24.
  13. ↑ Hermann and others 1994, p. 25.
  14. ↑ Hermann and others 1994, p. 31.
  15. ↑ Hermann and others 1994, p. 17.

Coordinates: 47 ° 57 ′ 31.6 "  N , 7 ° 45 ′ 21.8"  E