St. Johannes (Oelde)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
St. John the Baptist

The Church of St. John the Baptist in Oelde, Westphalia

Basic data
Denomination Roman Catholic
place Oelde , Germany
diocese Diocese of Münster
Patronage St. John the Baptist
Function and title

Parish church

Coordinates 51 ° 49 '32.8 "  N , 8 ° 8' 39.5"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 49 '32.8 "  N , 8 ° 8' 39.5"  E

The Catholic parish church of St. John the Baptist is a listed church building in Oelde in the Warendorf district ( North Rhine-Westphalia ). The building stands in the middle of the former cemetery in Oelde, where people were buried until 1819.

History and architecture

Two cross brooches from around 850 were found during archaeological excavations , an indication of the long Christian tradition in the area.

The parish was mentioned in a document in 1188, it is one of the original parishes in the diocese of Münster. In a property register of the Count of Dale a parish was named Oelde. The additional patronage of the Columba also indicates a great age. Columba was the main patron saint of the church until 1652, a bell hanging in the tower is dedicated to her. Johannes became the patron saint in 1652 and displaced Columba more and more.

The previous building from 1457 was destroyed except for an older west tower and the southern sacristy . It was a church with a two-bay nave, a choir and a sacrament house . The tower in front stood at the height of today's side doors. The old sacristy is still preserved in the present church. Then a hall church of two bays with a choir in the 5/8 end was built. From 1725 to 1736 they were extended to the hall church by adding the side aisles in Gothic-style forms . From 1863 to 1869 the building was extended by three bays to the west. The diocesan master builder Emil von Manger was in charge of construction . The hall was vaulted , the new west tower received a pinnacle wreath at the end . Groin vaults were drawn into the hall , the choir is vaulted with ribs. The neo-Gothic colored glazing in the nave comes from Franz Xaver Zettler .

Choir

The choir has been changed several times over the years; It got its present form under the direction and assistance of the architect Dieter G. Baumewerd ; his concept was completely realized. The sacrament house is included through windows. Christ stands in the center of the five two-lane choir windows that were installed from 1979 to 1980. The designs come from Leo Neumann, with the support of Erich W. John. The paintings were carried out by the Oidmann glass workshop in Linnich. Neumann also designed the three-part glass window on the south side. The window depicting Isaiah's calling was completed in 1980.

The holy oils are kept in a niche in the north wall of the choir. The inaccessible chamber below the choir was formerly a crypt or baptistery and was later used as a burial chamber . The altar, the priest's seat and the ambo were brought forward and aligned with the community.

Nave

The windows in the front part of the building were installed in 1975. On the south side depictions of John the Baptist and on the north side the council and the theme of faith and salvation can be seen. The central theme in the Johannes window is Jesus' baptism in the Jordan. These windows were made by the glass painter Valentin Peter Feuerstein . The windows in the central axis are dedicated to Mary. The designs come from the cathedral builder Hertel. The other windows show different views from the lives of Saints Peter, Francis of Assisi, Liudger, Paulus, Antonius of Padua and Elisabeth of Thuringia. They were donated from different sources between 1927 and 1951. The keystones of the vaults were painted in 1981 by the Benedictine sister Erentrud Trost . They show a representation of Christ above the altar, which is surrounded by the evangelists and the apostles.

tower

The tower is the symbol of the city, it is in front of the church and has no helmet. The tower facade is divided on the west side by a large portal , between the two doors there is a figure of the church patron.

Columba Chapel

The Columba Chapel is in the extension on the northeast side. In a gradual from around 1480, which is kept in Münster, a sequence with a detailed vita of the saints is preserved. It is probably the oldest surviving part of the building. The statue with the depiction of Anna Selbdritt dates from around 1500, the artist is not known. Presumably the statue comes from a side altar from around 1491, which was donated by Jasper von Oer and his together with the associated vicarie. The statue of Columba was sculpted by Leo Neumann in 1987.

sacristy

Bernhard Hertel made plans for a sacristy, which was built from 1914 to 1919. The long construction time is explained by the First World War. The wall paneling, the tables, cupboards and doors were made by the Ackfeld joinery in Oelde, the oak parquet comes from the same workshop. The ceiling is also paneled with oak. The keystones of the crossing in both vaulted domes were designed by Anton Mormann. The stones show the veneration of Mary by Bernhard and the Annunciation of Mary. The harmonious overall impression of the sacristy is complemented by two glass paintings depicting the martyrs Laurentius and Stephanus. Two paintings by unknown artists from the 17th century complete the picture.

Furnishing

  • The stately sacrament house made of Baumberger sandstone , with a 3/6 tower is indicated in Indian numerals with 1491. It is adorned with stately pinnacles and is attributed to the Bernd Bunnickman workshop. The six-storey building ends with a point and is crowned with a pelican. The tower is on a 3/6 floor plan and leans against the wall. The tabernacle , which is decorated with figures, is supported by free-standing arcades. Jaspar von Oer auf Geist and his wife Anna von Hoerde are noted on the donor's coat of arms . The coats of arms are placed under the canopy-like superstructure, in the upper part of the lattice niches of the sacrament shrine. Another coat of arms is located between the three-part tracery, it shows the letters MZ and refers to the former pastor Menso Zegesinck.
  • The octagonal font made of Baumberger sandstone was made at the beginning of the 16th century. It is 1.09 meters high and 0.93 meters in diameter. It is adorned with tracery on the basin and foot. In 1981 Leo Neumann from Oelde made a baptismal font with eight medallions, which was set into the stone. The medallions frame the symbol of the Trinity.
  • The larger than life crucifix made of linden wood was carved around 1230. Arms, head, feet and parts of the loincloth were supplemented by Mormann and completed in 1927. The torso was acquired in Saxony around 1900 and is related to the Wechselburg type. The cross beams were made by Leo Neumann.
  • The carved and framed Radiant Madonna was made according to a design by the Cologne cathedral builder Bernhard Hertel . It is marked 1928. On one side there is Anna herself, and on the other the Mother of God with the baby Jesus. The groups of figures are each framed by the halo of the ancestors. The design came from the master builder of the Cologne cathedral builder Bernhard Hertel, it was realized in 1927 by Anton Mormann. The founder was the manufacturer Werner Habig from Oelde. The coats of arms of the three and that of the then dean Bernhard Haard can be seen in the lower part of the work of art.
  • The Marien Altar stands on the front wall of the south aisle. Bernhard Kahlmeier built it in 1982. Leo Neumann was the artistic director. Six scenes from the life of Jesus are grouped around the statue of Mary, flanked by twelve figures of saints. The figures are remnants of two earlier side altars: “Mary in the temple with Norbert von Xanten and Antonius von Padua, the marriage of Mary, Antonius hermit, Clare of Assisi, the Annunciation, a Franciscan saint and Francis of Assisi, an angel appears to Joseph in the Dream, Cäcilia and Elisabeth of Thuringia, the family idyll with the evangelist Johannes and Barbara, a carpentry scene with Gottfried von Cappenberg and probably an apostle ”. The figures were made in the workshop of Allard and Hesselmann, Leo Neumann and by an unknown artist.
  • The angel with eternal light can be seen next to the sacrament house, it is a work by Anton Mormann, who made it in 1921.
  • The neo-Gothic figures from 1924 on the sacrament house are also works by Mormann. They represent Saints John the Evangelist, Thomas Aquinas and Mary , John Baptis, Paul and Bonaventure.
  • In the choir there is a seven-armed candelabra, a work from 1894 by the Polders goldsmith's workshop in Kevelaer.
  • The 14 images of the Way of the Cross were carved by Carl Brockmann in 1881 and donated by the Kramer family from Oelde. the Way of the Cross begins at the front in the north aisle.
  • On the pillars of the nave there are figures of Charles the Great and Saints Liudger, Apollonia and Katharina, Thomas Aquinas, Francis of Assisi, Aloisius and Elisabeth. Six of these figures were carved by Carl Brockmann, they originally stood on the main altar from 1879. Appollonia is a foundation, Francis of Assisi made Leo Neumann.
  • The figures under the organ are those of Antonius of Padua, created by Heinrich Lückenkötter in 1941, and those of Cecilia, created by Mormann in 1924.
  • The figures of Saint Ignatius of Loyola and Aloisius of Gonzaga date from before 1850, the artists are not known.
  • The cabinet maker and carver Franz Schmidt created a four-part panel for a sermon chair in 1884 with depictions of the life of Christ: The twelve-year-old Jesus teaches in the temple, the Sermon on the Mount, the commissioning of the disciples and the spiritual broadcast . This plaque hangs over the entrance to the Columba Chapel.
  • The ambo with four pillars is a work by Baumwerd.
  • The altar made of creamy white Jura with an altar plate weighing 400 kg, which rests on seven by seven columns, was made by Baumwerd. each of these columns weighs 135 kg. The relics of Saints Viktor von Xanten and Ursula are embedded in the altar, invisible to the faithful.
  • The nativity scene is set up under the organ stage every year at Christmas time. The heads of the articulated figures are carved, they were built in 1856 for the crib in the chapel in Möhler and are probably the work of Caspar Ritter von Zombusch from Herzebrock. They were supplemented by Julius Mormann in 1932. The robes were handcrafted by women from the community.
  • In the sacristy hangs a carved representation of a Golgotha ​​scene above the dressing table. It shows Christ on the cross and several figures on and under the cross, the work is by Anton Mormann

organ

The Speith organ

The organ was built in 1980 by the Speith organ builder from Rietberg. The planning was made by Günter Müller, Josef Zimmermann, Heribert Friedrich Klein and the cathedral organist Heinrich Stockhorst. Günther Müller from Rietberg designed the organ prospectus. Wooden parts of a previous organ from the 19th century were used for the prospectus. Günther Müller intoned the organ, it was re-intoned in 1996 by Johannes Klein from Speith-Orgelbau. The slider chest instrument has 48 registers (3366 pipes) on three manual works and a pedal. A choir organ (IV. Manual) with 12 registers and the later installation of three high pressure registers (Spanish trumpets) have already been installed in the console. The register Vox humana comes from the pneumatic organ from 1922. The organ is equipped with 3999 electronic setting combinations, mechanical sills, normal couplers and three sub-octave couplers.

I main work C–
01. Reed flute 16 ′
02. Praestant 08th'
03. Gemshorn 08th'
04th Viol 08th'
05. flute 08th'
06th Octave 04 ′
07th Smalled up 04 ′
08th. Sesquialter II 0
09. Super octave 02 ′
10. Mixture V
11. Cymbel III
12. Trumpet 16 ′
13. Trumpet 08th'
II Swell C–
14th Quintaton 16 ′
15th Bourdon 08th'
16. Salicional 08th'
17th Voix Coeleste 08th'
18th Principal 04 ′
19th Flute traverse 0 04 ′
20th Nasard 02 2 ⁄ 3  ′
21st Flute forestiere 02 ′
22nd Tierce 01 3 ⁄ 5  ′
23. Septieme 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
24. Neuvieme 08 ⁄ 9 ′
25th Fittings V.
26th Basson 16 ′
27. Hautbois 08th'
28. Clairon 04 ′
tremolo
III positive C–
29 Wooden dacked 08th'
30th Dulz flute 08th'
31. Praestant 04 ′
32. Night horn 04 ′
33. Schwiegel 02 ′
34. Fifth 01 1 ⁄ 3  ′
35. Octavlein 01'
36. Sharp IV
37. Dulcian 16 ′
38. Krummhorn 0 08th'
Tremulant
Pedals C–
39. Principal bass 16 ′
40. Sub bass 16 ′
41. Bass fifth 10 2 ⁄ 3  ′
42. Octave bass 08th'
43. Bass pommer 08th'
44. Dolkan 04 ′
45. Peasant pipe 02 ′
46. Back set IV
47. trombone 16 ′
48. Bass trumpet 0 08th'
  • Coupling : II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P

Bells

Six bells from different eras hang in the tower . The oldest and smallest bell dates from 1483. Two bells date from 1522 and were cast by the bell founder Wolter Westerhues . The Johannes bell, cast in 1997, was cast as a replacement for a bell that was cast in 1718 by the bell caster Wilhelm Anton Rincker von Aslahr (Siegerland). This bell was dedicated to John the Baptist and the co-patroness Kolumba; it had a diameter of 101 cm and was tuned to the tone f sharp 1 . This bell had to be handed in for war purposes in 1917 and was melted down. In 2001 the Paulus bell was added. It had been poured for the church garden of the state horticultural show.

No. Surname Casting year Caster Weight (kg) Ø (cm) Chime Inscription, bell ornament
1. Maria 1522 Wolter Westerhues 1550 130 d 1 Est Maria noun michi. Sacros pulsor ad usus. Sonum dulcoro luctum, paro festa decoro. Cogo sonans homines ad pietatis opus. Anno domini 1522. (Maria is my name. I am rung for a sacred custom. I sweeten the bright sound, prepare and glorify the festivals. I call people to the works of piety. In the year of the Lord 1522)
2. Anna and three holy kings 1692 unknown e 1 Te Catharina sibi sociam colit Olda patronam regibus et trinis fida sit Anna comes. Anno 1692. Friderikus Christianus a Plettenberg ex Lehnhusen ep. mons. SRJ princeps. (You, Katharina, Oelde reveres as his co-patroness. May Anna be a loyal companion with the Magi. In 1692)
Decoration: Prince-Bishop Friedrich Christian von Plettenberg (1688–1706) named as the founder. Bell is richly decorated, u. a. with tendrils and floral threads, held by angel heads, and a frieze with images of animals, which is probably aimed at episcopal hunting pleasure. A Madonna is also shown in the mandorla; above it is a cross and a "Salvator mundi" (Savior with the globe).
3. John 1997 Petit and Edelbrock 850 114 f sharp 1 Cast in 1997 in memory of the bell that was melted down in 1917: "Sub patrocinio SS Joannis Baptistae et Columba"
4th Kolumba 1522 Wolter Westerhues 470 91 g sharp 1 Clerum cum populo cito laudes canere Christo. Fudit Waltherus. Ecce Columba vocor. Anno domini 1522. (I call the clergy with the people to sing praises to Christ. Walther poured [me]. See, I am called Columba. In the year of the Lord 1522) .
5. Paul 2001 Petit and Edelbrock 325 78 c 2 We have peace with God through Jesus Christ. Human children & God's children LGS Oelde 2001.
6th Catherine 1483 Jasper Volkerus (Munster) approx. 320 74 h 1 Catherina am ick ghenant, wan ic rope, so kom to hant [together]. 1483. Jasper me fecit.
Decoration: four half-length portraits - Jesus, Mary, Peter and Paul (with sword).

literature

  • Dehio, Georg , under the scientific direction of Ursula Quednau: Handbook of German art monuments. North Rhine-Westphalia II Westphalia . Deutscher Kunstverlag , Berlin / Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-422-03114-2
  • Quick art guide. No. 2710 SS. Johannes and Columba Oelde , Verlag Schnell & Steiner Regensburg, HrsG Stiftung St. Johannes Baptist Oelde, 1st edition 2008, ISBN 978-3-7954-6786-9
  • The chandeliers of the apostles are replicas, they were made after the example of the medieval originals that are in Lüdinghausen.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Quick Art Guide. No. 2710 SS. Johannes and Columba Oelde. P. 4.
  2. ↑ Quick Art Guide. No. 2710 pp . Johannes and Columba Oelde p. 2
  3. ↑ Quick Art Guide. No. 2710 pp . Johannes and Columba Oelde pp. 2, 3
  4. ↑ Emil von Manger ( Memento of the original from November 27, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.st-johannes-oelde.de
  5. ↑ Quick Art Guide. No. 2710 pp . Johannes and Columba Oelde p. 8
  6. ↑ a b c Quick Art Guide. No. 2710 SS. Johannes and Columba Oelde. P. 14.
  7. ↑ Quick Art Guide. No. 2710 pp . Johannes and Columba Oelde p. 3
  8. ↑ Quick Art Guide. No. 2710 pp . Johannes and Columba Oelde p. 18
  9. ↑ a b Quick Art Guide. No. 2710 SS. Johannes and Columba Oelde. P. 17, 18.
  10. ↑ a b c Quick Art Guide. No. 2710 SS. Johannes and Columba Oelde. P. 6.
  11. ↑ a b c Quick Art Guide. No. 2710 pp . Johannes and Columba Oelde p. 11.
  12. ↑ Quick Art Guide. No. 2710 SS. Johannes and Columba Oelde. P. 12, 13
  13. ↑ a b c Quick Art Guide. No. 2710 SS. Johannes and Columba Oelde. P. 12.
  14. ↑ For disposition ( Memento of the original from March 6, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.speith-orgelbau.de
  15. ↑ Information on the bells in Schnell Art Guide. No. 2710 pp . Johannes and Columba Oelde p. 16; see. also the information about the bells ( memento of the original from May 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. by Hans Rochol on the parish website; see also the yearbook of the district of Warendorf: "Westphalia", in the chapter "Four older sisters and two younger brothers" @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stjohannes-oelde.de

Web links