St. Leodegar (Schliengen)

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St. Leodegar in Schliengen from the southwest

St. Leodegar is a Roman Catholic parish church in the municipality of Schliengen in the Markgräflerland , which is under the patronage of St. Leodegar . Although the church was first mentioned in a document at the end of the 13th century, the oldest parts can be proven to date from the 12th century. The nave was rebuilt in the 1750s. Style elements on the church tower and furnishings still give evidence of the former rule of the Prince-Bishop of Basel over Schliengen. Together with the churches of St. Leodegar (Bad Bellingen) , St. Vinzenz (Liel) and St. Petrus and Paulus (Bamlach) , St. Leodegar in Schliengen forms a pastoral care unit .

history

prehistory

A church in Schliengen ("ecclesia Sliengen") was first mentioned in 1275. Nevertheless, the oldest part - the tower substructure - dates back to the first half of the 12th century. Today it is largely integrated in the nave . The origins and patronage of St. Leodegar are traced back to the earlier manorial rule of the Alsatian Murbach Abbey .

After the renovation of the church in 1503, it was consecrated by the Bishop of Constance Balthasar Brenwalt . In addition to an altar consecrated to St. Mary , the church had further altars from 1523 in honor of St. Beatus, Jodocus, Oswald and Helena. The village of Schliengen, which was part of the sphere of influence of the bishops of Basel , belonged to the Birseck bailiff until 1719 .

In 1680 the church received a bell cast by Hans Weitenauer in Basel , which had to be handed in during the First World War . Another bell named after Maria was also cast in Basel in 1685. This was after the Second World War, the Historical Museum Basel passed.

In the 1740s several repair work is documented and as early as 1742 the structural condition of the church was classified as miserable and there was even a risk of collapse. In addition to rotten ceiling beams, the masonry was so desolate that even a section of the wall had to be propped up in 1748. As a result of this situation, the tithe lords, who were required to build, met in the Schliengener rectory on July 3, 1751 to discuss the new building. Since the Chancellor of the Johanniter Grand Master was reluctant to participate financially, legal disputes arose.

New construction of the nave

In the course of the renovation of the nave between 1753 and 1755, the church was given a sacristy on the south side . At the same time, the bell tower was raised by a fourth floor and the old gable roof was replaced with a Welsche hood . The Oberwil master builder, stonemason and sculptor Adam Hörig (also: Johann Adam Häring) was responsible for carrying out the renovation work . In 1760 the church received an organ and twelve pictures with scenes from the life of Mary from the bishopric of Basel, as they could no longer be used there due to the redesign of the Arlesheim Cathedral . The paintings from 1697 were hung partly in the choir and partly in the organ gallery.

In the years 1808 to 1812 the church roof was replaced by an eight-sided, less repair-prone pyramid roof . In 1880, the Baden court painter Wilhelm Dürr the Elder (1815–1890) decorated the east wall of the choir. The Arlesheim high altar was replaced by a new one in the Louis XVI style . In 1884 Count Otto von Andlaw donated the purchase of the Stations of the Cross and the two statues of St. Joseph and St. Leodegar. Restorations on the nave and repairs to the organ were carried out from 1895 to 1896. Between 1913 and 1915 the sacristy and the chamber of paraments were rebuilt, and the von Andlaw family of counts also contributed to the costs. The church received its first electrical lighting in 1919.

Extensive interior renovations were carried out between 1970 and 1972. On the north wall of the choir, two altar figures were placed on consoles, which come from the previous high altar. The altar made of Jurassic marble - designed by Bruno Knittel - as well as the ambo and tabernacle made of brass were newly introduced . In addition, a new slab floor made of Jura marble was laid and the church received new oak stalls. After the work was completed, the Freiburg Auxiliary Bishop Karl Gnädinger consecrated it on April 15, 1972. Between 1993 and 1995 the eleven pictures of the Stations of the Cross and the pictures on the side altars were renovated.

description

Church building

Church and forecourt

St. Leodegar in Schliengen is elevated on a small hill in the center of the village on the B 3 through road . The church can be reached from the street via a staircase that leads to an elevation made up of a wall. To the west of the church tower there is a paved square, to the north of it is the rectory.

The nave and choir are covered by a massive roof. The gable roof merges into a hipped roof at the 3/8 end of the choir . The roof approaches in the western part are concealed by curved volute gables. The 42-meter-high, four-story bell tower , in which the main portal is located, rises to the west . On the third floor, it has a large clock face on each of the four sides. Above this, the fourth floor with an octagonal floor plan jumps back slightly. The corners are slightly beveled at the transition. On the fourth floor there are also oval sound arcades on all four sides . The roof is crowned by an eight-sided pyramid roof made of green copper sheet, a tower ball and a cross , which becomes steeper towards the top. The sacristy is attached to the south side of the nave .

On the tower on the west wall, to the left of the entrance, there is an epitaph for Falix von Adlau (?) († 1763).

Interior and equipment

Murals

View into the nave towards the choir

A flat stucco ceiling has been drawn into the nave. The choir and nave are separated by a triumphal arch . Along the walls of the nave are eleven of a total of twelve murals from the so-called Arlesheim series. They were commissioned by the Basel cathedral monastery in Arlesheim in 1696 and painted by the Rottweiler artist Johann Georg Glückher in 1697. The almost square pictures (172 × 178 cm) came from Arlesheim to Schliengen in 1760. After they hung in the church until 1972, the paintings were removed for 20 years and kept in a room in the Mauchen schoolhouse. They were expertly restored in the 1990s and have been hanging again in Schliengen's church since then. They show the scenes: proclamation of the good news to Mary, marriage of Mary, visitation of Elizabeth, birth of Jesus, adoration of the Magi, presentation of Jesus in the temple, flight to Egypt, finding of the twelve-year-old Jesus in the temple, wedding of Cana, farewell of Jesus of Mary and the weeping women, death of Mary, coronation of Mary in heaven. Each picture bears the coat of arms of the donating Basel cathedral chapter members.

The pictures of the Stations of the Cross, which are also on the walls of the nave, are by the Freiburg artists Crescentia Stadler and Marie Jacquot and were painted in 1871.

Altars

There are two baroque side altars on either side of the choir arch. Superstructures and statues were created by Johann Michael Winterhalder . The left altar shows statues of Saints Dominic and Catherine of Siena , the right one of Saints Catherine of Alexandria and Barbara of Nicomedia . Both altars are adorned with columns and pilasters. They each carry two paintings. The larger one sits between the pillars, a small one above adorns the structure in the middle. The left altar of Mary depicts Mary with child; the picture covers an older one with a weaker layer of paint. The upper picture shows Judas Thaddäus with the ax attribute and the book inscription “Misericordia vobis, et pax, et charitas adimpleatur” (“Mercy, peace and love be in abundance with you”). The right altar shows in the main picture Saint Sebastian on the torture stake, whom an angel stands by during his torment. The upper picture shows Saint Aloysius in a devout pose. The painter of the altarpieces from 1770 was the Freiburg artist Johann Pfunner .

Chancel in the choir

The classical choir altar and the mural created about Wilhelm Dürr in 1880. The illustrations in tempera show at the bottom of Jesus Christ is taken down from the cross and at the top of the Coronation. The picture with an arched finish is embedded in a partially gold-plated frame. The altar, decorated with four white putti , has a tabernacle block in the middle. There are four rectangular representations from the Old and New Testament on both sides. The miniature paintings by the Freiburg artist Simon Göser , framed in gold, are protected behind glass. The scenes show: Abraham offers Isaac , the last supper, Christ in Emmaus with two disciples at the table and the sacrifice of Melchizedech .

Dürr deliberately created an angular and sober-looking altar, as he saw baroque art as very tasteless and as a "vain representation in the vortex of modern coquetry". The two high altar statues placed on consoles - on the right Pope Leo IX. , Bishop Konrad von Konstanz on the left - flank the altar, but date from 1681 and were already part of the previous altar. Both statues are by the Lucerne artist Michael Hartmann.

The cross-shaped celebration altar set up in the choir, made of a massive and simple Jura marble block, was designed by Bruno Knittel.

pulpit

pulpit

The pulpit on the north wall replaced an older one from Arlesheim in 1770. The pulpit is decorated in the Rococo style by angel children with the attributes cross, anchor and burning heart, which are symbolic of faith, hope and love. The marble base of the pulpit is decorated with gold-plated rectangular frames and tendrils. A dove hovers on the underside of the sound cover as a sign of God's grace. The edge is adorned with hanging gold-colored pine cones with a hem. The cones symbolize that the proclamation of the good news may fall on fertile ground in the hearts of the believers. Above that, on the hood, two other angels sit in adoring postures on volute bows. The top forms a statue of the Good Shepherd. Opposite the pulpit on the south wall of the nave hangs a wooden crucifix .

Ceiling painting

Central ceiling fresco

On the ceiling of the nave there are three frescoes framed in stucco fields. From the organ loft to the choir arch, these are: Depiction of Konrad von Parzham , who was canonized in 1934 , the large central image of the Holy Family in the oriental backdrop of Nazareth, and the martyrdom of the patron saint Leodegar on the choir arch. In the arched field, the Christ monogram ( IHS ) leads over to the choir ceiling in a cartridge . The three ceiling pictures were painted by Stefan Gerstner in 1937 ; his signature and the year of creation can be found in the representations.

The organ is on the gallery on the west side ; it can be reached via a spiral staircase to the left of the tower hall on the south side. To the right of the tower hall there has been a small St. Mary's altar in a niche since the 2000s. The baroque statue of Our Lady with Child was created by the Freiburg sculptor Franz Xaver Hauser . The baptismal font by the sculptor Julius Zuck was created in 1878. Before the Marien Altar was integrated into the niche, there was a life-size, cross-dragging statue of Jesus, which has now been placed on the south wall not far from the spiral staircase leading to the gallery.

An epitaph on the south wall of the nave commemorates Joh. Jax. Franciscus Heinrich Reich von Reichenstein († August 5, 1721) and his wife Maria Anna Helena von Reichenstein, b. von Pfirt († October 16, 1749). In the vestibule there is a grave plaque for the Kirchmeier and Sonnenwirt Joh. Friedrich Metzger († 23 May 1774).

Bells and organ

Bell tower

The five-part bronze bell of the Schliengen Church of St. Leodegar is composed as follows:

Surname Chime Casting year foundry
Trinity Bell it'' 1953 FW Schilling , Heidelberg
Leodegar bell ges ′ ′ 1951 FW Schilling, Heidelberg
Marienbell as ′ ′ 1953 FW Schilling, Heidelberg
Angel bell b 1951 FW Schilling, Heidelberg
Brother Konrad bell of'' 1951 FW Schilling, Heidelberg

The organ , built by August Späth in 1974, works with a sliding drawer and has a mechanical performance and an electronic stop mechanism . The instrument has two manuals , a pedal and 23 registers .

literature

Web links

Commons : St. Leodegar (Schliengen)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Website of the pastoral care unit Schliengen
  2. ^ W. Haid: Liber decimationis cleri Constanciensis per Papa de anno 1275 . In: Freiburger Diözesan-Archiv 1, 1865, p. 206.
  3. ↑ District description Lörrach
  4. ^ Mone: Sources collection of the Baden regional history , 1848–67, Volume 3, p. 589.
  5. ^ Zell, Burger: Registra subsidii caritivi in ​​the diocese of Constance . In Freiburg Diocesan Archive 24, 1895, p. 201.
  6. ↑ a b Brommer, p. 4.
  7. ^ Brommer, p. 5.
  8. ^ Fritz Schülin: Contribution to the local history of Schliengen. In: Das Markgräflerland , NF 9 (40), 1978, issue 3/4, p. 338.
  9. ^ Fritz Schülin, p. 414.
  10. ^ Hermann Gombert : The district of Müllheim in the Markgräflerland , 1971, p. 51.
  11. ^ Brommer, p. 16.
  12. ↑ Brommer, p. 10.
  13. ↑ Brommer, p. 11.
  14. ↑ Brommer, p. 15.
  15. ↑ a b Helm, p. 291.
  16. ↑ Brommer, p. 12.
  17. ↑ Brommer, p. 17.
  18. ^ Brommer, p. 24.
  19. ↑ Brommer, p. 25.
  20. ↑ Brommer, p. 26.
  21. ↑ Brommer, p. 29.
  22. ↑ Brommer, p. 30.
  23. ↑ Brommer, p. 22.

Coordinates: 47 ° 45 ′ 22.8 "  N , 7 ° 34 ′ 40.2"  E