Stone gutter

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Stone channel near Ettenstatt-Rohrbach

The stone channel is the name given to the high bed of a stream near the spring in karst landscapes that is created by the precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 , in this special case also known as spring lime ) .

Stone gutters (in Germany) rise up to 5.4 meters above the level of the adjacent ground and are up to 150 meters long. In Bavaria they occur preferentially on the southern edge of the Franconian Alb (geological Jurassic period ) and on the northern edge of the Alps. Stone gullies are often protected as geotopes (geological natural monuments ).

Emergence

Stone gutters are created by separating lime from leisurely flowing rivulets. For this purpose, carbonate-rich (lime-rich) water must emerge from a stratified spring and be able to flow off on a relatively gentle slope. There, the spring water releases part of the carbon dioxide dissolved in it through pressure relief, water heating and due to the extraction of carbon dioxide by plants, especially algae . However, the lime present in the water is dissolved as calcium hydrogen carbonate, i.e., which precipitates out again as insoluble lime (calcium carbonate ) after the removal of the lime after the following reaction:

The precipitated lime settles on the edge of the rivulet and forms the tufa that grows upwards (spring lime). In the colder water in the middle, this process is slower, so the channel is preserved. Since the lime precipitation continues, stone gutters can grow by one to two centimeters annually under favorable conditions. This process is interrupted by random disturbances, which may include falling leaves. The most impressive stone gullies were created with the support of human care, often for centuries.

Occurrence in Germany

In Germany there is a high stone channel , the Growing Rock east of Usterling near Landau an der Isar . It is 37 meters long (according to official information; other information up to 50 meters), up to 5.4 meters high and has been tended by human hands for many centuries.

The Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen district , with six stone channels, is the district with most of these geologically rare natural phenomena. This is where - at Heidenheim  - the longest stone channel is located at  around 150 meters and - at  Wolfsbronn  - a somewhat shorter one at around 128 meters. See also the list of stone gutters in Bavaria .

f1Georeferencing Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap

place

 local community

 agriculture
circle
 Length
(in m)
 Height
(in m)
 location
Baun-Alm Wackersberg OIL 015th 1, 00
Buckmill Dittenheim WUG 020th 0.10 49 ° 2 ′ 37 "N, 10 ° 44 ′ 5" E
Stone channel near Düsselbach Supply LAU 49 ° 32 ′ 59 "N, 11 ° 28 ′ 23" E
Stone channel near Raschbach near Raschbach Altdorf near Nuremberg LAU 49 ° 25 ′ 9 ″ N, 11 ° 23 ′ 10 ″ E
Stone channel on Buchenberg near Hellershof Offenhausen
Engelthaler Forest 		LAU 49 ° 27 '24 "N, 11 ° 23' 18" E
Erasbach Berching NM 080 0.77 49 ° 8 ′ 4 "N, 11 ° 25 ′ 12" E
Hechlingen Heidenheim WUG 010 0.30 48 ° 59 ′ 19 ″ N, 10 ° 44 ′ 9 ″ E
Heidenheim Heidenheim WUG 150 0.20 49 ° 2 ′ 8 "N, 10 ° 43 ′ 38" E
Close Wackersberg OIL 030th 1, 00
Cow ass Krautheim KÜN 0.5  49 ° 23 ′ 29 "N, 9 ° 38 ′ 36" E
Oberweiler My home WUG 050 1, 00 49 ° 0 ′ 34 "N, 10 ° 48 ′ 27" E
Steinerne Rinne and Junge Steinerne Rinne from Rohrbach Ettenstatt WUG 080 1, 00 49 ° 3 ′ 6 "N, 11 ° 2 ′ 59" E
Stone channel near Roschlaub Scheßlitz -Roschlaub BA 030th 0.40 50 ° 1 ′ 29 "N, 11 ° 1 ′ 40" E
Schönbrunn
( Growing Stone )		 Landshut - 007th 0.50
Usterling
( Growing Rock )		 Landau DGF 037 5.40 48 ° 39 ′ 42 "N, 12 ° 38 ′ 55" E
Stone channel near Wolfsbronn on the Hahnenkamm My home WUG 128 1.50 49 ° 0 ′ 36 "N, 10 ° 47 ′ 16" E

literature

  • Alfons Baier: The "stone channel" on the mountain south of Erasbach / Opf. An investigation into the hydrogeology and chemistry of the Shallow Karst . In: Geological sheets for northeast Bavaria and neighboring areas . Volume 52, No. 1-4, 2002, pp. 139-194 ( geol.uni-erlangen.de ).
  • Wolfgang Voigtländer: A “stone channel” on the Baun-Alm near Bad Tölz. In: Yearbook of the Association for the Protection of Alpine Plants and Animals . Volume 32, 1967, pp. 86-93.
  • VIB: Bricked by nature. On the Franconian Alb, streams flow through stone channels. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , January 23, 2015, p. 46, Bavaria.

Web links

Commons : Steinerne Rinne in Germany  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Bayer: The "Steinerne Rinne" on the mountain south of Erasbach / Opf. (see literature )
  2. ↑ Bavarian State Ministry for Environment and Health: Geotop 279R004 Steinerne Rinne near Usterling (Growing Stone). Environmental object catalog Bavaria archive.
  3. ^ Bavarian State Office for the Environment: Growing rock from Usterling. Bavaria's most beautiful geotopes.
  4. ↑ Geotope Steinerne Rinne Baum-Alm
  5. ↑ Geotope Steinerne Rinne S from Buckmuehle
  6. ↑ Geotope Steinerne Rinne Hechlingen
  7. ↑ Geotope Steinerne Rinne NW of Heidenheim
  8. ↑ Geotope Steinerne Rinne Knapp
  9. ↑ Geotope profile, Growing stream near Krautheim
  10. ↑ Geotope Steinerne Rinne Oberweiler
  11. ↑ Steinerne Gully Rohrbach
  12. ↑ Geotope Steinerne Rinne Rohrbach
  13. ↑ List of natural monuments in the Bamberg district (PDF; 24 kB) February 28, 2005, No. 60.
  14. ↑ Geotope Growing Stone in Schoenbrunn
  15. ↑ Natural monument Steinerne Rinne Wolfsbronn
  16. ↑ Geotope Steinerne Rinne Wolfsbronn