Stilbaceae
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Stilbaceae is a family of plants in the order of the mint family (Lamiales).
description
Vegetative characteristics
Most of the species are shrubs to dwarf shrubs , some are herbaceous plants . Some species look very similar in habit to typical heather plants (ericoid growth). The twigs are mostly leafy with dense whorls . The simple leaves are leathery and hairy.
Generative characteristics
The flowers are in capillary or spike-like inflorescences at the branch ends.
The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and usually five-fold with a double flower envelope . The usually five sepals are tubular or bell-shaped fused and green. The four or five petals are fused to form a corolla tube (it can be tubular to funnel-shaped); it can end with two lips or all corolla lobes are of the same length and shape. There is only a circle of four or five stamens . The stamens can be of the same length and shape or they can be unequal. Usually two carpels are a top permanent ovary grown.
The capsule fruits often remain closed when ripe (they look like berries) or they open.
ecology
The pollination is effected by insects ( Entomophilie ).
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Locations
The species of the Stilbaceae family, for example, are part of the ericoid fynbos .
Systematics and distribution
The Stilbaceae family was established in 1831 by Karl Sigismund Kunth in Handbuch der Botanik ... , p. 393. The genera were earlier in the families of the Verbenaceae , Retziaceae Choisy and the Scrophulariaceae Juss. Incorporated tribe Bowkerieae.
The Stilbaceae family has a distribution in Africa , Madagascar , the Mascarene Islands and the Arabian Peninsula , with a focus on biodiversity in the Capensis . So it has a purely palaeotropic distribution.
In the Stilbaceae family there are seven to eleven genera with about 39 species:
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Anastrabe E. Mey. ex Benth. : It contains only one type:
- Anastrabe integerrima E. Mey. ex Benth. : It occurs from Mozambique to South Africa .
- Bowkeria Harv. : The only three species (more names have been published, but they are synonyms) are common in southern Africa, for example in the South African provinces of Eastern Cape , Free State , KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga . They are used as ornamental plants.
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Campylostachys Kunth : It has contained two species since 2012:
- Campylostachys cernua (L. f.) Kunth : It occurs only in the South African province of Western Cape .
- Campylostachys helmei J.C. Manning & Goldblatt : It was first described in 2012 from the Western Cape.
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Charadrophila Marloth : It contains only one species:
- Charadrophila capensis Marloth : It occurs only in the South African province of Western Cape. Their number of chromosomes is 2n = 20.
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Euthystachys A.DC. : It contains only one type:
- Euthystachys abbreviata (E. Mey.) A.DC. : It occurs only in the South African province of Western Cape.
- Halleria L .: Of the only four species, two are distributed in tropical to southern Africa and two are found in Madagascar .
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Ixianthes Benth. : It contains only one type:
- Ixianthes retzioides Benth. : It occurs only in the South African province of Western Cape.
- Kogelbergia Rourke : The only two species occur in the South African province of Western Cape.
- Nuxia Comm. ex Lam. : The approximately 15 species occur from tropical to southern Africa, on islands in the Indian Ocean and on the Arabian Peninsula .
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Retzia Thunb. : It contains only one type:
- Retzia capensis Thunb. : It occurs only in the South African province of Western Cape.
- Stilbe Bergius : The seven or so species occur only in the South African province of Western Cape.
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Thesmophora Rourke : It contains only one species:
- Thesmophora scopulosa Rourke : This endemic occurs only on the mountain peaks at Michell's Pass near Ceres in the South African province of Western Cape.
swell
- The Stilbaceae family on the AP website . (Sections systematics and description)
- The Stilbaceae family at DELTA . (Section description)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Stilbaceae at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Stilbaceae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ Species list for Bowkeria in the Red List of South African Plants
- ↑ a b c d e f Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Stilbaceae. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew .
- ↑ Charadrophila capensis in the Red List of South African Plants
- ↑ Euthystachys abbreviata in the Red List of South African Plants
- ^ Charadrophila at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Euthystachys abbreviata in the Red List of South African Plants
- ↑ Ixianthes retzioides in the Red List of South African Plants
- ↑ Species list for Kogelbergia in the Red List of South African Plants
- ^ Retzia capensis in the Red List of South African Plants
- ↑ List of species of Stilbe in the Red List of South African Plants
- ^ Thesmophora scopulosa in the Red List of South African Plants
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