Stuart Schreiber

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Stuart Lee Schreiber (born February 6, 1956 ) is an American biochemist .

Live and act

Stuart Schreiber was born to Colonel Thomas and Gerrie Schreiber. He studied chemistry at the University of Virginia and received his bachelor's degree in 1977 . In 1981 he received his PhD in organic chemistry from Harvard University (Supervisors Robert B. Woodward and Yoshi Kishi). He was then Assistant Professor until 1984, Associate Professor until 1986 and Professor until 1988 at Yale University . In 1985 he became a research fellow of the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation ( Sloan Research Fellow ). Since 1988 he has been Morris Loeb Professor in the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology at Harvard University, and since 1994 also a researcher at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute .

The human protein FKBP12 (surface model) with FK506 (rod model).

Schreiber works in the field of chemical biology . At Yale, he began developing new methods to synthesize small complex molecules and test their effects on living cells. For example, he investigated the molecule FK506 , which suppresses the immune system, but was only able to locate the protein with which FK506 interacts when he did research again at Harvard. He named it FKBP for FK506 binding protein. In the collaboration with Gerald Crabtree , which began in 1991 , he was able to find the information transport path from cell membrane to cell nucleus , the calcium - calcineurin- NFAT pathway. This is important for bone development and insulin production . Schreiber also developed a new way of synthesizing small molecules: Instead of experimenting with just a single molecular species, he works with many similar molecules at the same time. With his method called diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) and a systematic investigation of the various chemicals and their effects in living cells, he is working on drugs against diabetes and cancer . He also founded several biotechnology companies, including Vertex Pharmaceuticals (1989), ARIAD Pharmaceuticals (1991), Infinity Pharmaceuticals (2001), Forma Therapeutics, Inc. (2008) and the ChemBank database, which contains information on hundreds of thousands of molecules.

Since 2006, Thomson Reuters has counted him among the favorites for the chemical biology of small molecules for a Nobel Prize in Chemistry ( Thomson Reuters Citation Laureates ) due to the number of his citations and, since 2016, for the citations for the mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) also for a Nobel Prize for Physiology or medicine .

Stuart Schreiber has been married to Mimi Packman since August 9, 1981.

Stuart Schreiber is one of the main characters in the book The Billion Dollar Molecule, in which the author and journalist Barry Werth describes the founding of the American venture capital company Vertex.

Works

In addition to more than 250 scientific articles, he published:

  • with Barry Martin Trost and Ian Fleming as editors: Additions to C – X π-bonds (= Comprehensive organic synthesis, Volume 1). Pergamon Press, Oxford [a. a.] 1991.
  • Probing genes and genomes and Chemical genomics. New tools for medicine (videos of 60 minutes each). In: Scanning life's matrix. Genes, Proteins, and Small Molecules . Sutherland Media Productions, Inc. for the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 2003.
  • as editor: Chemical biology. From small molecules to systems biology and drug design . 3 volumes, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2007. ISBN 978-3-527-31150-7

Awards

  • 1981 The Dreyfus Newly Appointed Faculty Award
  • 1985 Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award (Alfred P. Sloan Foundation)
  • 1985 Presidential Young Investigator Award (National Science Foundation)
  • 1986 Award for Excellence in Chemistry (ICI Pharmaceuticals)
  • 1986 Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award (American Chemical Society)
  • 1989 American Chemical Society Award in Pure Chemistry
  • 1990 Arun Guthikonda Memorial Award (Columbia University)
  • 1992 Award for Biomedical Research (Ciba-Geigy Drew)
  • 1992 Award in Synthetic Organic Chemistry (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry)
  • 1992 Merit Award (National Institutes of Health)
  • 1992 Rhone-Poulenc Silver Medal (Royal Society of Chemistry)
  • 1993 Eli Lilly Award in Biological Chemistry ( American Chemical Society )
  • 1993 Leo Hendrik Baekeland Award (American Chemical Society, North Jersey Section)
  • 1994 Award for Creative Work in Synthetic Chemistry (American Chemical Society)
  • 1994 Paul Karrer Lecture and Medal (University of Zurich)
  • 1995 Harrison Howe Award (American Chemical Society, Rochester Section)
  • 1995 with Leland H. Hartwell : Warren Triennial Prize (Massachusetts General Hospital)
  • 1995 George Ledlie Biennial Prize (Harvard University)
  • 1995 DuPont Merck Young Investigator Award (Protein Society)
  • 1997 Tetrahedron Prize
  • 1998 Thomas T. Hoopes Prize
  • 1999 Derek Barton Medal (National Cancer Institute)
  • 1999 Director's Service Award (National Cancer Institute)
  • 2000 Alfred Bader Award in Bioorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry (American Chemical Society)
  • 2000 Emmanuel Merck Award (American Chemical Society)
  • 2001 William H. Nichols Medal
  • 2001 Chiron Corporation Biotechnology Research Award (American Academy of Microbiology)
  • 2004 Society for Biomolecular Screening Achievement Award
  • 2004 Distinguished Scientist Award (Association of American Cancer Institutes)
  • 2005 Academic Scientist of the Year, Finalist for the 2005 Pharmaceutical Achievement Awards
  • 2006 with Gerald Crabtree : Thomson Laureate Award: Chemistry
  • 2007 US Cancer Foundation Award of Distinguished Scientist
  • 2007 Charles Butcher Award in Genomics and Biotechnology
  • 2014 Arthur C. Cope Award
  • 2016 Wolf Prize in Chemistry

Memberships

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Jun Liu, Jesse D. Farmer, William S. Lane, Jeff Friedman, Irving Weissman and Stuart L. Schreiber: Calcineurin is a Common Target of Cyclophilin-Cyclosporin A and FKBP-FK506 Complexes . In: Cell . Volume 66, 1991, pp. 807-815. PMID 1715244 doi: 10.1016 / 0092-8674 (91) 90124-H
  2. Stuart L. Schreiber and Gerald Crabtree: Immunophilins, Ligands, and the Control of Signal Transduction . In: Harvey Society Lectures . Volume 89, 1997, pp. 373-380. PMID 9127988
  3. Stuart L. Schreiber: Target-Oriented and Diversity-Oriented Organic Synthesis in Drug Discovery . In: Science . Volume 287, 2000, pp. 1964-1969. PMID 10720315 doi: 10.1126 / science.287.5460.1964
  4. Nobel Prize predictions, 2002-09 (PDF, 97 kB) at timeshighereducation.co.uk; accessed on October 9, 2016.
  5. Web of Science Predicts 2016 Nobel Prize Winners. (No longer available online.) In: ipscience.thomsonreuters.com. September 21, 2016, archived from the original on September 21, 2016 ; accessed on September 21, 2016 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / ipscience.thomsonreuters.com
  6. National Academy of Medicine elects 85 new members. In: nam.edu. National Academy of Medicine, October 18, 2018, accessed October 20, 2018 .