Stralsund Theater
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The Stralsund theater has a long tradition. There is evidence of performances of plays on the Alter Markt for the years 1553 ( "Tragedie van deme Daniel" ) and 1584 ( "De Tragedien van Susannen" ). The tradition lives on since the merger of the theaters of the cities of Stralsund and Greifswald in 1994 in the Theater Vorpommern . The Theaterhaus at Olof-Palme-Platz has the postal address Olof-Palme-Platz 6 .
House of the brewing and malting company
In 1720 Christian Spiegelberg's famous drama troupe performed with plays by Molière, among others, in the house of the brewing and malting company on Heilgeiststrasse . The art of theater initially found a home here. Performances by jugglers , acrobats or puppet players alternated with guest performances by well-known troops such as those of Johann Friedrich Schönemann . Angelica Catalani sang here on August 7, 1827, and Carl Loewe herself sang her own compositions on July 14, 1837 .
Other venues
Other venues included the “Alexandersaal” in Mühlenstrasse , where the pianist Clara Wieck played on March 16 and 19, 1855 , and the concert hall of the Hotel “de Brandenbourg” , where Anton Rubinstein performed on November 14, 1868 . The Stralsund music associations "Musikalischer Verein" from 1816, "Konzertverein" from 1824 and "Liedertafel" from 1825 with string orchestras and choir performed in the parish churches.
Comedy house
In 1765, a building at Mönchstrasse 18 was converted into a city theater that had previously served as a theater. The building in Mönchstrasse was originally built as an orphanage, but since the money to maintain such an orphanage was lacking, the theater should raise the funds required. An unheatable hall with poor acoustics offered up to 700 spectators on rows of benches.
It opened on October 3, 1766 with a masked ball . Friedrich Schiller's Kabale und Liebe was performed here on March 17, 1785 . But also the tragedy Wallenstein , in which Stralsund played a role due to an unsuccessful siege of the imperial general in 1628, was performed. On March 26, 1783, the theater director Johann Tilly Schiller's The Robbers wanted to perform, but this was forbidden by the Governor General Count von Hessenstein "because of the dangerous content" . Tilly tried this performance again in 1791 and 1793, without success. On April 11, 1794, the citizens demonstrated for the approval of the performance, after which the city council wanted to ban it again because "the presentation of the drama piece half nothing could produce but very harmful Würkungen his gantzen content." On December 15, 1799 the play was then performed against the will of the council, but with the permission of the Vice Governor General Cederström. The harmful effects did not occur , and from then on the piece was one of the most played.
The last performance was with the "ancestor" of Franz Grillparzer held on 12 January 1834th The house was closed in 1834 and demolished in 1858.
City theater on the old market
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The construction of a new city theater was financed through the private "Aktiengesellschaft zur Gründungs einer Schauspielhaus". In May 1832, 569 shares were subscribed, including by the Governor General Prince Wilhelm Malte I. zu Putbus . The city also approved the issuance of a loan of 12,000 Reichstalers.
Two gabled houses standing here, including the Ratsapotheke, were demolished in 1833. On March 21, 1833 the foundation stone was laid for the theater at Alter Markt 4 . Coins, a poem for the occasion and a copper plate were embedded in the foundation ; the plate bears the inscription
- “In the year MDCCCXXXIII. On the XXI. March under the government of Friedrich Wilhelm III. Koenigs von Prussen became a new playhouse in Stralsund donated by a stock corporation from the city and the surrounding area with the support of the Commune. The foundation stone was laid by the builder Heinr. Gottl. Michaelis and Joh. Mich. Luebke
- were at that time
- Governor General of New West Pomerania Malte Prince zu Putbus
- District President Leopold von Rohr
- Fortress commander CHAE von Borstell
- Lieutenant General Mayor Dav. Lucas Kühl u. Carl Georg Schwing. "
The topping-out ceremony was celebrated on September 28, 1833 . On August 28, 1834 the house was opened with a comedy. The theater offered 600 spectators in two tiers. At the request of the public, the box seats were given backrests and all seats were given seat numbers. Schwänke , operettas , but also Wagner's Tannhäuser and Lohengrin were performed.
In an accident on July 14, 1861, which can be traced back to the operation of the gas lanterns, two dancers of the “Ballet Dancer Society of Carlo de Pasqualis” suffered burn injuries to which they died; they were buried on July 22, 1861 in the St. Jürgen cemetery. Since then, wet blankets have always been ready for the performances. In the mid-1860s the theater ran into economic difficulties and the public limited company could no longer pay its debts to the city. In the foreclosure auction, the city acquired the theater for 16,300 thalers. The theater was closed in 1913 due to structural defects and inadequate fire protection facilities.
In 1927 the Städtische Sparkasse wanted to purchase and use the building; After the city had approved the sale on March 8, 1927, complaints arose from bank competitors, who suddenly also showed interest. Ultimately, the Provinzialbank, which until then had been located in the “Minervahaus” on the Alter Markt , acquired the house and built a new building there in 1930 for its own purposes. The opening was on September 23, 1930, when the Barmer Ersatzkasse , medical clearing office and Gestapo signed as tenants ; After the Second World War, the building was initially used by the Stralsund city bank, during the GDR era the social security of the GDR and the FDGB , and since the fall of the Berlin Wall, the AOK , ver.di , the IG Metall , the DGB , the IG BAU u. a. resident.
Theater on Olof-Palme-Platz
Construction of the theater on a green space designed by garden architect Ferdinand Jühlke began on July 1, 1913. The "New Theater" was built according to plans by Cologne architect Carl Moritz , who also designed the Cologne Opera House and several other theaters. The foundation rests on 800 piles driven into the ground. Completion took place in 1914, the opening only on September 16, 1916 with Ludwig van Beethoven's Fidelio and Heinrich Kleist's Prince Friedrich von Homburg .
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The Low German artists “ De plattdütsch Späldäl ” have also played here since 1920 . In 1921 the city council had to give up the city administration for financial reasons and the theater was leased. From 1916 to 1932, seven different directors were in charge of management . Philipp Manning was artistic director from September 1918 to April 1921, and Kurt Grebin from October 1922 to April 1925 . Grebin built up the theater ensemble, which played at the Stralsund Theater from October to April and in Bad Oeynhausen from May to September . Ludwig Spannuth-Bodenstedt took over the management of Grebin until September 1927. Until April 1932 Wilhelm Berstl was director. The last director in the Weimar Republic was then Friedrich-Wilhelm Nadolle .
After it reopened as one of the first theaters in Germany on June 2, 1945, works by Russian composers were increasingly performed. Honors for Maxim Gorky were on the agenda, but the works of Shostakovich and Tchaikovsky were also performed in front of a full house. In 1953, the theater concluded contracts with companies such as the Stralsund shipyard and the army and police, according to the SED's motto “Forward to the planned development of socialist culture” , which gave them the right to attend the theater.
In 1955, Georg Friedrich Händel's opera Julius Caesar was staged as a GDR premiere in Stralsund. On March 21, 1964, Jean Kurt Forest's "Like Animals of the Forest" premiered. The ensemble performed a. a. at the Komische Oper in Berlin and in 1964 in Schleswig . Another world premiere of an opera by Forest was on May 6, 1965; it was also recorded for GDR television in December 1965 .
Major renovations were made in 1968.
In 1969, 12,000 people had theater rights. On April 13, 1969, the Stralsund new creation "Montague and Capulet" by Karl-Heinz Bischoff and Osmar Siegler premiered, which was also broadcast on the radio. Rudolf Wagner-Régeny 's opera "Das Bergwerk zu Falun" , which premiered at the Salzburg Festival in 1961 , had its GDR premiere on September 7, 1969, also at the theater of the Werftstadt , as it was called.
The theater received the 1974 Hans Otto Prize for the world premiere of the opera “Das everyday Wunder” by Gerhard Rosenfeld on March 29, 1973, and for its excellent overall performance . The theater continued to stand for the building of socialism under the motto "Art as a weapon"; In 1977, on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the October Revolution, a program was set up under the motto “Time has a red star”, which was performed in 71 companies and locations in the district.
The theater was also used for mass events of a political nature. On November 28, 1947 Wilhelm Pieck spoke on the subject of "What will become of Germany?" Many young people from Stralsund received their youth consecration in the theater over the years , which was reintroduced in 1955.
Closure, renovation and reopening
In 2005 the house was closed to allow extensive renovation based on designs by the Berlin architectural office Springer Architekten . During the renovation, games were played at seven locations in the city.
The wooden paneling installed in 1968 was removed and the original design elements underneath made visible again. The eight “swallow nests” were also rebuilt. On February 29th, 2008 the big house was reopened with the participation of the Chancellor Angela Merkel . Were played Beethoven's Fidelio and, as with the first opening in 1916, Heinrich Kleist's The Prince of Homburg .
Web links
- Official website of Theater Vorpommern
- Baltic Sea Festival in Stralsund & Greifswald
- Conversion of the Stralsund theater (photos, building history, drawings)
Coordinates: 54 ° 19 ′ 3 ″ N , 13 ° 5 ′ 18 ″ E