Theodor von Below
Theodor Werner Christian von Below (born November 1, 1765 at Groß Reetz ; † May 6, 1839 at Gut Obrotten ) was a Prussian lieutenant general and commander in the 1st Cavalry Brigade .
Life
origin
His parents were Martin Friedrich von Below (1703–1768) and his wife Sophie Henriette, née von Böhm (1728–1788) from the house of Culsow. His sister Sophie Luise Elisabeth (1752-1805) was married to Major General Friedrich Ernst von Wrangel .
Military career
Below came in 1782 as a Junker in the Dragoon Regiment "von Posadowsky" of the Prussian Army and advanced to February 1, 1787 to Second Lieutenant . During the Kościuszko uprising , he fought in Poland in 1794 near Magnuszewo. On October 24, 1795 Below became Premier Lieutenant and rose to Major by mid-November 1805 . In the Fourth Coalition War he took part in the Battle of Prussian Eylau and the battles near Königsberg and Heilsberg . For Heilsberg, Below received the order Pour le Mérite on November 16, 1807 .
On November 16, 1807 he was in the East Prussian Cuirassier Regiment and acted as squadron chief from September 17, 1808 . On June 5, 1813, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel . Shortly thereafter, Below was appointed commander of the Litthau Dragoon Regiment on June 30, 1813 and promoted to colonel on December 8, 1813 in this capacity. During the Wars of Liberation he fought in the Battle of Großgörschen and received the Iron Cross II class and the Russian Order of St. Stanislaus II class. Below also fought at Bautzen , the Katzbach , Leipzig , Montmirail , Laon , Paris and the battles of Haynau , Löwenberg, Härselberg, Saint Dizier , La Chaussee, Chalone, Chateau-Thierry , Oulchy and Sezanne. For Leipzig he was awarded the Iron Cross First Class and on January 1, 1815 with the Oak Leaves for the Order Pour le Mérite. On November 1, 1815, Below received his promotion to major general. On January 5, 1816, he joined the occupation army in France as brigade commander of the reserve cavalry. After the withdrawal he was transferred to Königsberg as brigade commander and on April 3, 1820 Below became commander of the 1st Cavalry Brigade. But already on May 31, 1821 he received his departure as lieutenant general with a pension of 1500 thalers. He died on May 6, 1839 on his estate in Obrotten (Fischhausen district).
In his assessment by General von Wrangel in 1819, it says: “Remain true to his excellent character and eager service. Lead his entertaining brigade with a lot of calm and security, adheres to strict discipline and is very suitable for this command ”.
family
Below married on July 24, 1804 on Kallen Charlotte Albertine Magdalena Friederike von der Goltz (1787-1853). The couple had the following children:
- Karoline Friederike Leopoldine Therese (1806–1807)
- Aurora (* / † 1807)
- Anton (1808–1896), Prussian lieutenant general ⚭ Bertha Georgine Luise Friederike Countess von Schlieben (1823–1900)
- Luise (1810-1815)
- Ferdinand (1812–1870), Prussian Lieutenant General ⚭ Therese Wilhelmine Karoline Johanna Mauve (1823–1895)
- Hermine Tusnelda (1817-1891)
- Karl (1818–1897), Prussian lieutenant general
- Emma Pauline Dorothea (1820–1911) ⚭ Konstanz Eduard Adolf von Saucken (1802–1880) from the Elkinehlen house. He was previously married to the daughter of Major General Konstantin von Twardowski .
- Friederike (1823–1900) ⚭ Karl von Ranisch (1815–1873), Prussian major general
literature
- Kurt von Priesdorff : Soldier leadership . Volume 4, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1937], DNB 367632799 , p. 103, no. 1248.
- Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of noble houses . Third year, Justus Perthes , Gotha 1902, pp. 80f.
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Below, Theodor von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Below, Theodor Werner Christian von (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Prussian lieutenant general, commander of the 1st cavalry brigade |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 1, 1765 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Great Reetz |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 6, 1839 |
| Place of death | Obrotten |