Tunkl
The lords of Tunkl (also Tunkel / Tunckel , Dunkl / Dunkel ; Tunkl von Brünnles and Hohenstadt ; Tunkl von Hohenstadt and Aschbrunn ; in Czech Tunklové z Brníčka a ze Zábřeha ) were a Silesian - Moravian noble family. From the 16th century they were also represented in Bohemia . Georg von Tunkl and his brother's children were raised to the bohemian baron status in 1480 . Johann Tunkl von Brünnles and Hohenstadt, who also owned Opálka , was admitted to the Bohemian nobility in 1548.
history
The lords of Tunkl are recorded for the first time at the end of the 14th century in Silesia, where they were wealthy in the Duchy of Liegnitz . In 1332 Hartel von Tunkel owned the Štítina fortress in the Duchy of Opava . A Hartel / Hertel von Tunkel / Dunckel of the same name is documented as court master of the Liegnitz Duchess Ludmilla , daughter of the Bohemian King Georg von Podiebrad and widow after Duke Friedrich I. von Liegnitz.
In the first half of the 15th century the Tunkl acquired large areas in northern Moravia. The lords of Brünnles / Brníčko and Hohenstadt / Zábřeh in their possession, from which their predicate "von Brünnles and Hohenstadt" is derived, temporarily included Blauda , Eisenberg an der March , Rowenz , Lesnitz , Schönbrunn , Jockelsdorf , Raabe , Wyschehor , Schwillbogen Rabersdorf , Dubicko , Hochstein , Böhmisch Märzdorf , Reitendorf , Zborow , Bohutin , Neumühl , Drosenau , Bohuslawitz and other localities.
Since members of the Moravian branch of the family confessed to the Hussites , fighting broke out in the second half of the 15th century with the neighboring Catholic lords of Zwole and Goldenstein . During the Hungarian-Bohemian War, the Tunkl were on the side of King George of Podebrady, as a result of which numerous places of the Hohenstadt rule and the Brníčko castle were devastated by the Hungarian mercenary army Legio nigra ( Black Rotte ). Around 1490, the Tunkl von Hohenstadt built a system of ponds and ditches that encompassed the entire Müglitzer Furche ( Mohelnická brázda ) along the March and existed until the 19th century.
The Bohemian branch of the family, which was probably founded by Heinrich / Jindřich Tunkl von Brünnles and Hohenstadt or his descendants, was called "Tunkl von Hohenstadt and Aschbrunn".
Personalities (selection)
- Nikolaus Tunkl ( Mikuláš Tunkl ) is said to have been a German from the Silesian line of the Tunkel / Dunckel. In 1398 he received the town of Mährisch Weißkirchen from Margrave Jobst as a fief . He had two sons:
- Hartmann Tunkl was a burgrave on Cvilín .
- Johann Tunkl the Elder Ä. von Brünnles and Hohenstadt ( Jan Tunkl z Brníčka a ze Zábřeha ; also Jan Tunkl Drahanovský ) was married to Agnes von Holstein and acquired Brünnles / Brníčko in 1434. He is said to be at the coronation of Emperor Friedrich III. have participated. In 1447 he acquired the neighboring goods Hohenstadt / Zábřeh and Eisenberg / Ruda nad Morawou at Brünnles. He was a supporter of the Hussites and died in 1464. His son
- George the Elder Tunkl of Brünnles and Hohenstadt ( Jiří Tunkl z Brníčka a ze Zábřeha ) was married to Agnes von Waldstein ( Anežka z Valdštejna ). In 1468 he fought on the side of the Bohemian King Georg von Podiebrad near Hohenstadt against the Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus . After Georg von Podiebrad's death and the destruction of his Brníčko castle, Georg the Elder Tunkl switched to Matthias Corvinus' side and fought in 1474 in Silesia as captain of the Black Rotte against Vladislav II . Ä. and his descendants were accepted into the master class. After a revolt by the subjects who rebelled against the heavy burdens placed on them, Georg Tunkl was fatally injured in 1494. His son
- Heinrich Tunkl von Brünnles und Hohenstadt ( Jindřich Tunkl z Brníčka a ze Zábřeha ) had to sell his Moravian possessions in 1510 to Nikolaus Trčka von Lipá ( Mikuláš Trčka z Lipé ) because of excessive indebtedness . He subsequently settled in Bohemia, where he held royal offices as Prague burgrave and from 1511–1519 governor of Lower Lusatia . From 1522 to 1523 and from 1525 until his death in 1527 he was Supreme Mint Master of Bohemia.
- George the Elder Tunkl of Brünnles and Hohenstadt ( Jiří Tunkl z Brníčka a ze Zábřeha ) was married to Agnes von Waldstein ( Anežka z Valdštejna ). In 1468 he fought on the side of the Bohemian King Georg von Podiebrad near Hohenstadt against the Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus . After Georg von Podiebrad's death and the destruction of his Brníčko castle, Georg the Elder Tunkl switched to Matthias Corvinus' side and fought in 1474 in Silesia as captain of the Black Rotte against Vladislav II . Ä. and his descendants were accepted into the master class. After a revolt by the subjects who rebelled against the heavy burdens placed on them, Georg Tunkl was fatally injured in 1494. His son
- Franz Ernst ( František Arnošt ) von Tunkl was raised to the baron status in 1720 .
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Tunkl, the barons, genealogy . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 48th part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1883, p. 113 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Moravian nobility . Reprographic reprint of Siebmacher's Wappenbuch (Volume IV, Section 10, 1899). 1979 Neustadt an der Aisch, ISBN 3879470316 , p. 163.
- The coats of arms of the Bohemian nobility . Reprographic reprint of Siebmacher's Wappenbuch (Volume IV, Section 9, 1886). 1979 Neustadt an der Aisch, ISBN 3879470308 , p. 41.
- The coat of arms of the Silesian nobility. Reprographic reprint of Siebmacher's large Wappenbuch, Volume 17. 1977 Neustadt an der Aisch, ISBN 3879470170 , p. 98.
- Joachim Bahlcke , Winfried Eberhard, Miloslav Polívka (eds.): Handbook of historical places . Volume: Bohemia and Moravia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 329). Kröner, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-520-32901-8 , pp. 41, 79, 130, 198.
