Lobdeburg

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Lobdeburg
The ruin of the (middle) Lobdeburg

The ruin of the (middle) Lobdeburg

Alternative name (s): Lobdaburg (around 1900)
Castle type : Hill castle (upper Lobdeburg) ;
Talhangburg (middle Lobdeburg) ;
Niederungsburg, location (lower Lobdeburg)
Conservation status: First mentioned in 1166
Standing position : Ministeriale
Place: Jena , district Lobeda-Altstadt
Geographical location 50 ° 53 '26 "  N , 11 ° 37' 13"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 53 '26 "  N , 11 ° 37' 13"  E
Height: 300  m above sea level NN
Lobdeburg (Thuringia)
Lobdeburg
Lobdeburg Ruin (2011)

The Lobdeburg is a ruined castle between Lobeda and Drackendorf , districts of Jena .

Three different buildings claim the name Lobdeburg, namely the upper, middle and lower castle . The middle of the three castles is regarded as the actual Lobdeburg.

location

The middle Lobdeburg lies on a foothill of the Wöllmisse , a plateau between the places Lobeda and Bürgel . The middle Saale Valley , Rodatal and Leutratal could be monitored from here. The upper Lobdeburg, actually just a bailey to seal off the main castle from the plateau, is only preserved in the form of the remains of a ring wall. The lower Lobdeburg is no longer visible today. It was most likely at the lower end of the Lobedaer Markt. In its place, the name was transferred to the former Thünaische Gut in modern times, which is now located on the northeastern edge of the village.

Further castles were built in the immediate vicinity of the city of Lobeda in Kunitz ( Kunitzburg ), Burgau and Kahla ( Leuchtenburg ). The Tautenburg also seems to be founded by Lobdeburg , at least the Dornburg-Tautenburg rule was in the 13th century as an imperial fief in Lobdeburg hands.

history

The Lobdeburg was first mentioned in 1166. The castle was most likely built by the lords of Auhausen appointed by the emperor as ministerials , who named the castle after the town of Lobeda. One reason for this was probably the positive experience that the emperor had already had with other ministerials in the area belonging to the family group. Shortly afterwards the branch of the family resident here called itself " von Lobedeburg ". In 1185 the construction of the castle was completed.

As a result of the Vogtland War of 1354-57, the direct imperial rule of the Lobdeburgers came under the feudal sovereignty of the Wettins in 1358 . In 1450, Duke Wilhelm of Saxony captured the castle in the Saxon fratricidal war. The Puster family owned the castle until 1591. The facility then began to decline and the stones were used, among other things, to build the Saale Bridge near Burgau .

In the course of the state expansion, Lobdeburgers were probably responsible for the planned construction of the city of Jena. In the second half of the 12th century , the first archaeologically secured finds in the Jena old town area.

The Lobdeburg-Gemeinde 1912 eV has existed since 1912. Together with the Jena Monument Office, the association takes care of the preservation and renovation of the castle and its surroundings. A working group "Ruin Lobdeburg" exists within the association. Since the reunification, emergency security work has started on the important monument of Romanesque secular architecture. The Palas received a steel corset. In addition to a few smaller investigations, the Jena city archaeologist Matthias Rupp is working on a comprehensive historical documentation of the "middle" Lobdeburg.

The castle was restored in 2018 and 2019. In the course of this, a platform for viewing was created in the residential tower of the castle. A fire at the end of 2018 burned some trees around the Lobdeburg, but the castle itself was spared from the fire.

  • Castle seen from the entrance to Drackendorf, view from the southeast

  • Castle in autumn, similar location. The residential tower is striking.

  • Close-up view of the residential tower from below. The double arched windows and other Romanesque style elements are clearly recognizable

  • View into the residential tower, you can see the inside view of the double arched window

  • View from the west of the protective wall

  • Close-up of the chapel from the west

  • Entrance to the residential tower after the renovation work in 2018/19

literature

  • Eduard Schmid: The Lobdeburg near Jena. Historically presented according to documents and secure news. Friedrich Frommann, Jena 1840.
  • F. Sprenger: The Lobdeburg. In: Journal of Construction. 10th year, issue 4, 1860, pp. 519-521 (see “Weblinks”).
  • The Lobdeburg near Jena. In: Thuringian calendar. 1909, ZDB ID 545887-0 ..
  • Hans Großkopf: The Lords of Lobdeburg near Jena. A Thuringian-Eastern dynasty from the 12th to the 15th century. Wagnerian book u. Art print, Neustadt ad Orla 1929 (At the same time: Jena, Univ., Diss., 1928).
  • Viktor Lommer: The Lobdeburg and its history. 2nd Edition. Frommann, Jena 1929.
  • Herbert Koch: History of the city of Lobeda. 2 parts. Municipality of Lobeda, Lobeda 1939–1941;
    • Part 1: Oldest time until the end of the 15th century.
    • Part 2: From the Reformation to the city fire of 1640.
  • Paul Wolff: Lobeda and its castles. A hiking and memory book. Verlag Lobdeburg-Gemeinde, Lobeda sa (around 1930).
  • Hans Patze , Walter Schlesinger (ed.): History of Thuringia (= Central German research. Vol. 48, 2, 1). Volume 2: High and Late Middle Ages. Partial volume 1. Böhlau, Cologne et al. 1974, ISBN 3-412-02974-2 , pp. 193-199.
  • Michael Platen: Four castles on the local mountain near Jena. New studies on the history of a group of castles in Thuringia. In: Castles and palaces in Thuringia. 1996, ISSN  1436-0624 , pp. 23-35.
  • Christian Fritzsche: Inferiorum Castrum Lobdeburg and today's castle in Lobeda. In: Castles and palaces in Saxony-Anhalt. 15 Vol., 2006, ISSN  0944-4157 , pp. 222-229.
  • Christian Fritzsche: The chapel bay window of the Lobdeburg near Jena. In: Castles and palaces in Saxony-Anhalt. 16, 2007, pp. 245-264.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ With heart and mind - Save the Lobdeburg. In: Thuringian monthly sheets. No. 28, 2009, ZDB -ID 527359-6 , pp. 290/291.

Web links

Commons : Lobdeburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files