Victor Kaluza

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Victor Michael Kaluza (born September 10, 1896 in Lowkowitz , Kreuzburg OS district ; † October 24, 1974 in Holzkirchen , Upper Bavaria) was a German teacher and author of young books and non-fiction.

Life

Victor Kaluza was born in 1896 in the Upper Silesian village of Lowkowitz (now Łowkowice ) as the son of the married couple Simon Kaluza and Agnes, née Bocionek, and grew up bilingual. On his father's side, the father was related to Johann Dzierzon , whose grandmother's name was Maria Kaluza. When the father became the tenant of an inn in the Tost-Gleiwitz district , the von Lowkowitz family moved to the village of Schwieben .

After graduating from the local elementary school, Victor trained as a teacher first at the preparatory institute and then at the teachers' college in Oberglogau . When the First World War began, he enlisted the end of 1914 as a volunteer , fought on the Western Front and fell on July 20, 1916 in the French POW camp where he was prisonnier de guerre nr. 3137 spent three years and 225 days. After his release, he returned home to Upper Silesia on March 3, 1920. On September 1, 1920, he passed his first teacher examination in Oberglogau and was employed as a teacher in Schwieben . From October 22, 1921, he taught in the elementary school in the forest village of Latscha (today Łącza ), took the second teacher examination on March 22, 1923 and married Helena Kohn, who had given birth to her daughter Sonia in 1924. He founded a school theater and an open-air theater in Latscha , for which he wrote the stage works Der Spuk von der Waldschenke and An Upper Silesian Wedding .

The first book of fools mill. He published Upper Silesian Humor in Gleiwitz in 1922 . This was followed by five books as well as novellas, short stories, stories with memories from the Silesian homeland and from the war, including imprisonment. With the book Kumpel Janek he created the figure of a local Eulenspiegel. First publications appeared in the cultural magazine Der Oberschlesier and for the radio show Schlesische Funkstunde in Breslau . He became a member of the Association of Upper Silesian Writers and joined the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). From 1928 to 1932 he appeared several times as a writer in the studio at the station Gleiwitz . On January 23, 1930, he was elected as a candidate of the SPD for the community leader of Latscha in the municipal elections. Kaluza was re-elected on March 12, 1933.

On March 9, 1930, he was presented with the Eichendorff Prize from 1929 in the auditorium of the secondary school in Beuthen for the memoirs PG 3717 - In French POW . After 1933 he joined the Reichsschrifttumskammer (RSK).

Both the SPD membership and the wife's Jewish descent were the fate of the family. In April 1933, Victor Kaluza was removed from the post of community leader by the Nazi rulers as "politically unreliable". From February 1, 1934, he was transferred as a teacher from Latscha to Gieraltowitz in the Cosel district . Karl Schodrok , editor of the culture magazine Der Oberschlesier , protected him from being expelled from the Reichsschrifttumskammer in 1936. On April 1, 1938, Victor Kaluza was forced into retirement at the age of 41.

Victor Kaluza moved with his family to Bad Kudowa in the Glatz district , where he was under police supervision. In 1941 he published the book Comrade Malheur. One imprisonment and in 1943 rascals. Village boys days . In 1944 he had to do forced labor with the family. When the Red Army occupied Bad Kudowa in May 1945, Victor Kaluza was an employee of the local city administration. After the end of the war he was a member of the Jewish Aid Committee in Glatz . On August 1, 1946, the family was from Poland People's Republic expelled . She arrived in the British occupation zone via the Oder-Neisse border and lived in Oelde in the Münsterland .

After the Second World War, books PG 3717. In French Captivity and Chamberlain Malheur in the Soviet Zone of Occupation were placed on the list of literature to be separated.

Around 1947/48 the family moved to Holzkirchen, where he first taught as a teacher, then from April 1956 as a senior teacher . He exchanged letters with his sister Cilly Kaluza, who came to Gifhorn as a refugee and lived in Bünde around 1958 . In Holzkirchen, Victor Kaluza also took part in cultural and social life. He was active again as an author, became an SPD city ​​councilor for education and culture, founded the Holzkirchen adult education center in 1950 and the Turmhahn newspaper , of which he became editor from 1952. He was a member of the Association of German Writers (VS). After his retirement in February 1960, he worked for a time as a visiting instructor at Baker University in Baldwin City , Kansas .

Honors

Works

Books

  • PG 3717. In French captivity . Avalun-Verlag, Hellerau near Dresden 1930.
  • Buddy Janek's book . P. Kupfer, Breslau 1935.
  • Comrade Malheur. A captivity . Duncker, Weimar 1941.
  • Rascals. Village boys days. Duncker, Weimar 1943.
  • And one was called Schelldupek. Upper Silesian village boys . Oberschlesischer Heimatverlag, Augsburg 1967.

Novellas and short stories

  • Fool mill. Upper Silesian humor. Heimatverlag Oberschlesien, Gleiwitz 1922.
  • My escape to Spain. Novella . Volk und Heimat Verlag, Hindenburg 1925.
  • The cricket garden . Priebatsch, Breslau 1926.
  • Motley bowl of Upper Silesian humor . C. Cieslik, Peiskretscham 1927.
  • The trip to Magdeburg. Narration . 1927.
  • The trip to Lowkowitz. A report about the bee father Dzierzon . 1931.
  • Howdy, Dürrbeendl! Stories from the day before yesterday . Hausham Publishing House, Bonn 1953.
  • Stories from the grass-green forest . Altberliner Verlag Groszer, Berlin 1961.
  • Notes from a ranger. It is not always a deer that crosses the path . Martin Glasl, Hausham 1966.
  • Zacharias Shiverbeard. The story of a poet told to a little girl . Oberschlesischer Heimatverlag, Augsburg 1971.
  • The Big Haystack . Ascent in Goethe's footsteps . 1986.
  • Tabakierka for people with colds .

Plays

  • The ghost of the forest tavern
  • An Upper Silesian wedding

literature

  • Heinz Starkulla : As Victor Kaluza wrote 'Die Große Heuscheuer' . In: Silesia. Art, science, folklore. Lower Silesia, Upper Silesia, Sudeten Silesia. A quarterly publication. Organ of the Friends and Sponsors of the Stiftung Kulturwerk Schlesien e. V . Volume 31/1986. Bergstadtverlag Wilhelm Gottlieb Korn , Görlitz / Freiburg 1986, pp. 169–171.
  • Meinhard Köhler: On the occasion of Victor Kaluza's hundredth birthday. A representative of a new literary genre (Z okazji setnej rocznicy urodzin Victora Kaluzy. Representative nowego gatunku literackiego). In: Zeszyty Edukacji Kulturalnej . Issue 11/1996, pp. 42-45. (German Polish)
  • Victor Kaluza. A poet from Silesia . Landsmannschaft Schlesien , Königswinter 1991.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Stefan Pioskownik: God gave me two tongues, one German and one Polish. (No longer available online.) Upper Silesian Voice No. 7/2013, April 25, 2013, pp. 3–4 , archived from the original on April 2, 2015 ; accessed on March 19, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.dfk-ratibor.pl
  2. ↑ Victor Kaluza. German Broadcasting Archive , accessed on August 10, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Kaluza, Victor - Pos. 5781 and 5782. German Administration for Popular Education in the Soviet Zone of Occupation, List of Literature to be Separated , 1946, accessed on October 27, 2016 .
  4. ↑ Office of the Federal President
  5. ^ Victor Kaluza Street
personal data
SURNAME Kaluza, Victor
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kaluza, Victor Michael (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German teacher as well as youth and non-fiction author
DATE OF BIRTH September 10, 1896
PLACE OF BIRTH Lowkowitz , Kreuzburg OS district
DATE OF DEATH October 24, 1974
Place of death Holzkirchen , Upper Bavaria