Vladimir Mikhailovich Sensinov

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Vladimir Mikhailovich Sensinow ( Russian Владимир Михайлович Зензинов ; born November 29, 1880 in Moscow , † October 20, 1953 in New York City ) was a Russian politician, publicist and revolutionary.

Studied in Germany

As the son of a wealthy Moscow merchant and councilor, he was warned as a student by the Tsarist secret police Okhrana at the end of the 1880s for distributing revolutionary pamphlets. After attending a grammar school until 1899, he traveled to Germany and from 1900 studied philosophy, economics, history and law in Heidelberg , Berlin and Halle (Saale) . During his studies he belonged to the group of German socialist revolutionaries , which also included Nikolai Dmitrijewitsch Awksentjew , II Fundaminski and Abram Rafailowitsch Goz . He returned to Moscow in January 1904 and soon became a leading member of the Social Revolutionary Party (SR). He was given the task of building up the SR organization in Moscow.

Exile, flight and revolutionary activity

He was arrested on January 9, 1905, and then spent six months in custody. Then he was sentenced to five years' exile in eastern Siberia . Because of the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War , his exile was transferred to the province of Arkhangelsk . On the day of his arrival, he fled from there to Switzerland, where he arrived in Geneva in August 1905 . He then went to St. Petersburg , where he joined the terrorist group of the Social Revolutionaries. In the following months Sensinov became one of the leaders of the December uprising in Moscow. But the SR Central Committee had expressly warned against this military-political course.

In January 1906 he took part in the preparations for the assassination of the Governor General of Moscow, Admiral Fyodor Vasilyevich Dubassov . But in the spring of 1906 he went to the districts of Kiev and Chernigov to work in agriculture. Its work was interrupted by the dissolution of the State Duma on July 9, 1906. He went to St. Petersburg, where he was arrested in September 1906 and sent into exile in Siberia. In the summer of 1907 he came to Yakutsk with several prisoners , from where he fled more than 1,800 km to Okhotsk through the taiga . From there he reached Japan with a Japanese fishing boat. He reached Europe via Shanghai , Hong Kong , Singapore and Colombo through the Suez Canal .

Renewed exile and anti-Bolshevik activity

From January to May 1910 he worked again for the party in Moscow. In May he was arrested again in St. Petersburg. After six months in the Peter and Paul Fortress , he was exiled to a region so far north of Yakutsk that it was impossible to escape. There he spent the next five years studying ethnographic and ornithological studies, on which he later published several books. After his exile he came to Moscow in 1915 and published the newspaper Narodnaya Gazeta there . Later he went back to St. Petersburg, where he was an eyewitness to the October Revolution . There he was elected to the Constituent Assembly .

As co-editor he worked on the SR newspaper Delo Naroda . In the summer of 1918 he went to the Volga region, where the anti-Bolshevik forces gathered. When on June 8, 1918 a constituent assembly ( Komutsch ) was formed in Samara , he was a member of the organizing committee. He became a member of the Provisional All-Russian Government (Ufa Directory), which was formed on September 23, 1918 by the opponents of the Bolsheviks . In October 1918 the Ufa board of directors moved to Omsk . There, on November 18, 1918, a Cossack detachment under the command of the commander of the Siberian Cossack division, Colonel Vyacheslav Ivanovich Volkov, broke into the apartments of the members of the Directory and arrested them. Sensinow, Avksentjew, JF Rogowski and AA Argunow were brought to the staff of the ataman IN Krasilnikow and a few days later expelled from Russia to China.

Emigration to Europe and the USA

From China he traveled via the USA to Paris, where he arrived in January 1919. The Administrative Center was founded there in May 1920 by Social Revolutionaries and other political emigrants, including Sensinov, Avksentjew, Viktor Michailowitsch Tschernow and Alexander Fyodorowitsch Kerensky . The center tried from Paris to influence political developments in Russia. However, in April 1922 the center ceased operations. Sensinow traveled from Paris to Prague and Berlin, and then returned to Paris. Until 1939 he worked for various newspapers and magazines such as Wolja Rossija , Golos Rossii , Dni , Novaya Rossija and Sovremennyje sapiski . In September 1939, when the Second World War broke out , he went to Finland and collected information there for a book about the Soviet Union , which he published in New York in 1945. In 1940 he traveled to New York and stayed there until the end of his life in 1953.

Fonts

  • Le Parti socialiste revolutionnaire et la situation actuelle en Russie , with E. Rubanowitsch and Wasili Suchomlin, Paris 1919
  • Is schisni rewoluzionera , Paris 1919
  • Gosudarstwennyi perevorot Admirala Koltschaka w Omske 18 nojabrja 1918 goda: sbornik dokumentow , Paris 1919
  • Dallo zarismo al bolscevismo: ricordi dun rivoluzionario russo , Rome 1920
  • The Russian situation with Ilya Lvovich Tolstoy, 1924
  • Nena , Berlin 1925
  • Schelesny skreschet. Is amerikanskich wpetschatlenii , Paris 1926
  • Besprisornyje , Paris 1929
    • German translation: The tragedy of the neglected children of Russia , Zurich 1930
    • English translation: Deserted: The Story of the Children Abandoned in Soviet Russia , London 1931. Reprint 1975: ISBN 0-88355-190-X
  • The Road to Oblivion with Isaac Don Levine, London 1932
  • Wstretscha s Rossijei , New York 1945
  • Pereschitoe , New York 1953

Web links

Commons : Vladimir Zenzinov  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Manfred Hildermeier , The Russian Socialist Revolutionary Party before the First World War, New York 2000, p. 385
  2. ↑ Manfred Hildermeier, ibid, p. 238
  3. ^ Heinrich R. Schulz et al. (Eds.), Who was Who in the USSR, Metuchen (NJ) USA, 1972, p. 629
  4. ↑ GN Golikow, MI Kuznetsov, Lexicon of the Great October Socialist Revolution, Leipzig 1987, p. 432
  5. ^ Jamie so far, White terror: Cossack warlords of the Trans-Siberian, New York 2005, p. 50
  6. ↑ David Golnikow, Fiasco of a Counterrevolution - The Failure of Anti-Soviet Conspiracies in the USSR (1917–1925), Berlin 1982, p. 287
  7. ↑ David Golnikow, ibid, p. 529
personal data
SURNAME Sensinov, Vladimir Mikhailovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Зензинов, Владимир Михайлович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian politician, revolutionary and publicist
DATE OF BIRTH November 29, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Moscow
DATE OF DEATH October 20, 1953
Place of death New York City