Vlas Jakowlewitsch Chubar

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Vlas Chubar

Vlas Chubar ( Russian Влас Яковлевич Чубарь ., Scientific transliteration Vlas Jakovlevic Cubar ' ; born February 10, jul. / 22. February  1891 greg. In Fjodorowka in yekaterinoslav governorate , Russian empire , now for Rajon Polohy , Zaporizhia Oblast , Ukraine ; † February 26, 1939 in Moscow ) was a Soviet politician who was a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) from 1935 to 1938 and who fell victim to the Stalinist purges in 1939 .

biography

Ukrainian tasks

Chubar, born in the Ukraine as the son of a farmer, attended the Mechanical-Technical Institute (today: Запорожский национальный технический университет) in Alexandrovsk from 1904 to 1911 . During the Russian Revolution in 1905 he was involved in a dispute with the police. In 1907, at the age of 16, he became a member of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (SDAR). After his training, he worked in various factories in Kramatorsk , Mariupol , Moscow and Petrograd. With the February Revolution of 1917 he became chairman of the workers' committee of a cannon factory and representative for Petrograd . With the October Revolution , Chubar became commissar for artillery management of the Revolutionary Military Committee (ВРК), then a member of the management for quality control. In 1918/1919 he was chairman of the body for engineering works (ГОМЗА) and a member of the presidium of ВСНХ ( Organization and Administration for National Economy and Finance ).

After the Ukrainian People's Republic Chubar was from 1919 to 1922 of Ukraine Chairman Orgbüros to restore the industry , Revolutionary Committee member and chairman of the local ВСНХ. From July 13, 1923 to April 28, 1934 he was head of government (chairman of Sownarkom ) in Ukraine. Around 1932, at the time of the great famine ( Holodomor ), he had to put up with bitter accusations from Stalin as a high-ranking member of the Ukrainian Politburo and as head of government .

In the center of power

In 1921 he became a member of the then still powerful 25-member Central Committee of the Communist Party of Russia (Bolsheviks) - KPR (B) and in 1926 - together with Mikoyan - a candidate in the party's Politburo . From 1918 to 1923 he was a member of the Presidium of the Supreme Economic Council of the USSR . Despite the criticism of the situation in Ukraine, after the death of the Ukrainian politburo member Kuibyshev , he and Mikoyan became a full member of the highest political body of the USSR, the Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union - CPSU (B) in early 1935 . On January 1, 1938, he had to vacate this position again. From 1934 to 1937 he was also Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars - the Soviet government - and the Council on Labor and Defense of the USSR. From August 23, 1937 to January 19, 1938, Chubar was for a short time People's Commissar of Finance in the Molotov cabinet .

Stalin Purges

In 1936 he pursued the first Moscow trial against Kamenev and Zinoviev on behalf of the Politburo, only to become a victim himself in the 1938 Stalinist purges. From 1936 to 1938 not only the former opposition members disappeared, but also many of Stalin's most loyal supporters, including the three Politburo members Vlas Tschubar and Stanislaw Kossior from Ukraine in 1938 and the Latvian Jan Rudsutak , as well as the Politburo candidates Postyshev from Ukraine and Eiche . Without a hearing by the Politburo and after severe torture, Khrushchev reported on the XX. Congress , they were tried on the basis of fabricated confessions and shortly thereafter the death sentence was pronounced. In early 1939 Tschubar, Kossior and others were shot . In 1955 and 1956 he was rehabilitated.

Honors

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Tschubar, Vlas Jakowlewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Влас Яковлевич Чубарь
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet politician and victim of the Stalinist purges
DATE OF BIRTH February 22, 1891
PLACE OF BIRTH Fyodorovka , Yekaterinoslav Governorate , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH February 26, 1939
Place of death Moscow