Zacharias Hildebrandt

Zacharias Hildebrandt (* 1688 in Münsterberg ; † October 11, 1757 in Dresden ) was a German organ builder .

Life

Zacharias Hildebrandt's father Heinrich Hildebrandt, a master wagoner, sent him to an apprenticeship with Gottfried Silbermann in Freiberg in 1713 . In 1721 he completed his masterpiece, the organ of the St. Nicholas Church in Langhennersdorf . This was followed by the construction of an organ in Störmthal near Leipzig, through which he made the acquaintance of Johann Sebastian Bach . Bach expressed his enthusiasm for the Störmthal organ in a report from 1723. For the inauguration service, Bach composed the cantata Höchsterwünschtes Freudenfest , BWV 194, and was present as musical director himself when it was performed. The Lengefeld organ was built between 1724 and 1726, on the basis of which there was a dispute with Gottfried Silbermann, who now regarded Hildebrandt as a competitor and sued him in court. The dispute was settled by an agreement in which Hildebrandt undertook to only take on orders previously rejected by Silbermann. He then relocated his area of ​​activity to the Leipzig area and western Electoral Saxony .

The largest organ by Zacharias Hildebrandt with 53 registers is located in the St. Wenzel church in Naumburg (Saale) . It was built from 1743 to 1746. On September 27, 1746, the joint acceptance test was carried out by Gottfried Silbermann and Johann Sebastian Bach. Hildebrandt had resorted to advice from Bach for the disposition . The organ, which was rebuilt several times, was completely restored between 1993 and 2000.

Zacharias Hildebrandt was the father of the also famous organ builder Johann Gottfried Hildebrandt .

Works

Hildebrandt is one of the most important organ builders of the Baroque era, whose works were highly regarded by his contemporaries. His instruments are a resounding testimony to the art of organ building in the environment of Gottfried Silbermann. In the last few decades the awareness has grown that his works should be preserved and properly restored.

The list of works includes all of the new organs known by Zacharias Hildebrandt. Italics indicate that the organ has not been preserved or only the historical case has been preserved. In the fifth column, the Roman number indicates the number of manuals , a capital "P" indicates an independent pedal , a lower-case "p" indicates a pedal that is only attached. The Arabic number indicates the number of sounding registers . The last column provides information on the state of preservation or special features.

year	place	church	image	Manuals	register	Remarks
1722	Langhennersdorf	St. Nikolai Church		II / P	21st	masterpiece received; 1990–1996 restored by Wegscheider
1723	Störmthal	Kreuzkirche		I / P	14th	Restored in 1934 and 2007/2008
1724	Hilbersdorf	Ev. Village church		I.	5	Largely destroyed in 1943; previously attributed, but probably built by Silbermann; restored, now in the Leipzig Musical Instrument Museum
1725	Liebertwolkwitz	Ev. church		I / P	13	Destroyed in 1813
1726	Lengefeld	To the Holy Cross		II / P	22nd	Rebuilt in 1933; 2010–2014 restoration by Eule and Wegscheider → Organ
1727	Sangerhausen	Holy Spirit pen		I.	6th	not received
1728	Sangerhausen	St. Jacobi		II / P	27	1976–1978 restored by Eule → Organ
1728	Pölsfeld	St. Mauritius		I / p	9	1728 new building using four registers from the previous organ from 1696; later expanded and rearranged somewhat; today I / P / 13
1730	Sotterhausen	Ev. church		I / P	9	almost completely preserved; Restored in 2005
1732	Lindenau	Lindenau village church		I / P	10	lost after the old church was demolished
1736	Eutritzsch	Christ Church		I / P	10	not received
1746	Naumburg	City Church of St. Wenceslas		III / P	53	1993–2000 restored → organ
1748	Großwiederitzsch	Ev. church		I / P	10	Demolished in 1902
1749	Hettstedt	St. Jacobi		II / P	31	Prospectus received , new building by Wilhelm Rühlmann (1905 IIIP / 45) in the historical prospectus
1756	Goldbach	Marienkirche		I / P	10	Reconstructed in 1908
1757	Dresden	Dreikönigskirche		II / P	38	1945 destroyed → organ → organ

Hildebrandt also took care of the maintenance of the organ in the castle and cathedral church in Merseburg from 1732 to 1738 . At that time Hildebrandt had settled in Weißenfels as an organ builder . In 1734 he built several new registers into this organ.

literature

• Ulrich Dähnert: The organ and instrument maker Zacharias Hildebrandt . VEB Breitkopf & Härtel, Leipzig 1962.
• Ulrich Dähnert:  Hildebrandt, Zacharias. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 9, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1972, ISBN 3-428-00190-7 , p. 130 ( digitized version ).
• Robert Eitner:  Hildebrandt, Zacharias . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 12, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1880, p. 406.
• Felix Friedrich : Hildebrandt. In: Ludwig Finscher, Friedrich Blume (Hrsg.): The music in past and present . Part 2, Volume 8. 2nd edition. Bärenreiter, Kassel 2002, Sp. 1528–1533.
• Felix Friedrich: The organ builders Zacharias and Johann Gottfried Hildebrandt. Bibliography on life and work. Musikwissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Kleinblittersdorf 1998, ISBN 978-3-920670-40-9 .
• Frank-Harald Greß : Zacharias Hildebrandt - Organ-historical location determination. In: Freiberg studies on the organ . No. 8, 2004, pp. 7-38.
• Dietmar Hiller: A master of organ building. Zacharias Hildebrandt on his 300th birthday. In: Music and Society. Volume 38, Issue 10, pp. 524-526.
• Hans Klotz: Hildebrandt, Zacharias. In: The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. Volume 8. Macmillan, London 1980, ISBN 1-56159-174-2 , pp. 552-553.
• Michael Pohl: The organs of Zacharias Hildebrandt in and around Sangerhausen . Stekovics, Dößel 2006, ISBN 978-3-89923-138-0 (= Steko art guide No. 31).

Web links

• Works by and about Zacharias Hildebrandt in the catalog of the German National Library
• Association for the reconstruction of the Hildebrandt organ in Lengefeld e. V.
• Hildebrandt organ in the Church of St. Wenceslas. Official website of the city of Naumburg
• 250th anniversary of the death of Zacharias Hildebrandt. Deutschlandradio : Calendar sheet

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Wolfram Hackel, Cristine Zimmermann, Peter Härtel: Silbermann - Hildebrandt - Silbermann (PDF), accessed on February 21, 2014.
2. ↑ Ulrich Dähnert; Institute for Monument Preservation, Dresden Office (Ed.): Historic organs in Saxony - an organ inventory. VEB Deutscher Verlag für Musik, Leipzig 1980, p. 187 on the Hildebrandt organ in the Nathanael Church in Leipzig-Lindenau.