Christian Levin colliery
| Christian Levin colliery | |||
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| General information about the mine | |||
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| Information about the mining company | |||
| Start of operation | 1856 | ||
| End of operation | 1958 | ||
| Successor use | until 1966 weather management | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Hard coal / lead ore | ||
| Degradation of | Lead ore | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 29 '45.6 " N , 6 ° 56' 35.6" E | ||
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| Location | Dellwig | ||
| local community | eat | ||
| Independent city ( NUTS3 ) | eat | ||
| country | State of North Rhine-Westphalia | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Ruhr area | ||
The colliery Christian Levin was a coal - mine in Essen .
history
In the middle of the 19th century, the Cologne Mining Association, founded in 1847, began to develop several mine fields in what is now the northern urban area of Essen . In 1856, several mine fields in the area around Dellwig and Ebel were consolidated under the name Christian Levin Union . It was named after the then General Director of the Cologne Mining Association, Director Christian Lemmé Lévin.
1857-1861 was a first shaft at Dellwig on the rolling road drilled . It was equipped with a shaft conveyor and a driving skill . It was a composite route to the mine New Cologne ascended , which also was owned by the Cologne-based mine-association.
After the mine workings had been expanded until 1865, in 1867 a water ingress occurred through the nearby Emscher , which brought operations to both shafts to a standstill.
In 1870 the Kölner Bergwerks-Verein AG founded the union King Wilhelm in a consortium with some Essen investors around Friedrich Grillo , named after the then Prussian king and later Emperor Wilhelm I. In this union , the Christian Levin colliery and the neighboring Neu-Cöln colliery were named Joint factory management with separate mining operations added. Over time, the jointly managed facility became known as the Zeche König Wilhelm . First the Neu-Cöln colliery was swamped and was able to go back into operation in 1871. The mine workings of Christian Levin was provisionally against the of New Cologne dammed .
In 1872 the union was converted into a stock corporation, as the swamping of Christian Levin's mines required high capital expenditure. In 1873 Schacht Christian Levin went back into operation. In the same year, a coking plant was put into operation on the mine site .
In 1881 another water inrush led to the Christian Levin mine workings being flooded again . The shaft was partially backfilled and then re- sunk and bricked up to be stable . A Malakow Tower was built as a conveyor system in 1888 , the last to be built in the Ruhr area . From 1889 the mine was in unrestricted funding and could be expanded further. In 1895, south of the main facility, a small weather shaft without a conveyor system was sunk, which was assigned to the Christian Levin colliery, but which also optimized the weather management for the Neu-Cöln colliery. In 1897 the Christian Levin shaft was fitted with a drawn-in headframe on the Malakow Tower.
After the First World War , König Wilhelm AG entered into an interest agreement with the Stumm brothers in order to optimally expand and use the conveyor systems in the north-west of Essen.
Initially, it was planned to expand the Neu-Cöln colliery as a central conveyor system. After the re-evaluation of the deposit outcrops , the Christian Levin mine was expanded. A blind shaft in the immediate vicinity of the Christian Levin 1 shaft was broken up from 1925 to 1927 up to a few days. It went into operation in 1928 as the new Christian Levin 2 shaft. A briquette factory was also put into operation.
Subsequently, the Neu-Cöln 1/2 mine was finally incorporated in 1931 with the abandonment of local mining. The coking plant was also shut down for good. From 1938, lead ore was also extracted from a fault zone in a mine field area . In 1943, the König Wilhelm colliery with the Wolfsbank and Christian Levin mines became the property of Friedrich Krupp AG .
The König Wilhelm colliery was closed and the pits continued to be operated as independent mines. The briquette factory was shut down in 1945. After the Second World War , the Christian Levin colliery was assigned to Bergwerke Essen-Rossenray AG as the successor company to Friedrich Krupp AG.
At that time, the production was 260,000 tonnes of coal and 40,000 tonnes of lead ore annually from 1,800 employees. From 1954, a production network was established with the Sälzer-Amalie colliery , which had a powerful main production shaft. The rope ride and material guidance remained on the Christian Levin shafts.
Shutdown
As soon as the coal crisis began , it became apparent that the Christian Levin mine field no longer had extensive resources. Lead ore mining was stopped in 1958. In 1960 the Christian Levin construction site was completely abandoned. The Neu-Cöln 1 and 2 shafts were backfilled and the facilities demolished.
Until the Sälzer-Amalie colliery was closed in 1966, the Christian Levin 1 and 2 shafts remained open as a standstill area for weather management and dewatering . This was followed by backfilling and the complete demolition of the daytime facilities .
Current condition
Nothing has been preserved from the original buildings of the colliery. The Levin industrial estate and a tank farm are now located on the site . Levinstrasse is still next to the former colliery site .
Mineral finds
In addition to coal and lead ores - mainly galena ( galena ), but also Anglesite ( Bleivitriol ) Cerussite , Cotunnit ( lead chloride ), Cumengeit , Hydrocerussit , Lanarkit , Laurionit , Leadhillit , minium ( red lead ) and Phosgenite ( Bleihornerz, Horn Lead ) - were in The colliery also found many other minerals or their varieties , such as the element minerals copper and sulfur , the sulfides bornite ( colored copper pebbles ), chalcosine ( copper luster ), chalcopyrite ( colored copper pebbles ), covelline ( copper pebbles ), marcasite ( sulfur pebbles ), millerite ( nickel pebbles ) , pyrite ( iron pyrites, Katzengold ), sphalerite ( zinc blende ), the halides Atacamit ( Kupferhornerz ) Diaboleit , Fiedlerit , halite ( rock salt ), matlockite , Paratacamit , the oxides or hydroxides cuprite ( copper ore ), goethite ( needle iron ore, brown iron ) , Quartz , tenorite ( copper black ), the carbonates or nitrates anchorite , aragonite , calcite , malachite , siderite and the sulfates antlerite , barite , brochantite , cale donite , chalcanthite , copiapite , Marienglas ( selenite , gypsum variety ), goslarite , halotrichite , linarite , melanterite , metavoltine , natrojarosite , plumbojarosite and romanite .
literature
- Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old mines on the Ruhr. 6th expanded and updated edition, Verlag Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster KG, Königstein i. Taunus, 2006, ISBN 3784569943 .
- Joachim Huske: The coal mines in the Ruhr area. 3rd edition, self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Mindat - Mineral finds in the Christian-Levin colliery, Essen, Ruhr-Kohlerevier, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany (English: Christian-Levin Mine, Essen, Ruhr Coal Mining area, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany )