Double church
A church building that consists of two separate main aisles is called a double church in the narrower sense . These can have arisen through the subsequent division of a church by means of a partition wall or were built separately above, next to or behind one another.
In contrast, in a simultaneous church, one and the same interior space is used alternately by several denominations.
Two naves separated by a wall in a church building
After the Reformation , some existing churches were divided into two worship rooms by a partition wall - one for the Roman Catholic community and one for the Protestant community. In the case of new buildings, the construction plan sometimes already provided for a partition wall, for example at the Laurentius Church in Dirmstein , which was completed in 1746/1747.
Germany
- Dirmstein : Laurentiuskirche with planned partition wall
- Dresden : Garrison Church
- Dorsheim : former simultaneous church of St. Laurentius, today with a partition
- Freiburg im Breisgau : (St .-) Maria Magdalena Church in the Rieselfeld district
- Kaub : St. Trinitatis (Protestant) and St. Nicholas Church (Catholic)
- Marburg : Ecumenical Center Thomaskirche on the Richtsberg
- Poxdorf (Upper Franconia) : Our Lady in Jerusalem
- Neustadt an der Weinstrasse : Collegiate Church
Naves lying one above the other in a church building
In the Middle Ages, two naves were built one above the other in some churches, for example by converting a crypt into a separate nave. The reason was often a separation of the collegiate and parish church.
Germany
- Schwarzrheindorf : St. Maria and Clemens
- Wasserburg am Inn : St. Michaels Chapel (below crypt church, above parish church)
Italy
- Assisi : Double Church of San Francesco above the grave of Francis of Assisi
- Trani : San Nicola Pellegrino
- Verona : San Fermo Maggiore
Austria
Poland
As double bands buildings are referred to, in which two sacral rooms have been built on each other, connected to each other through an opening, so that could take place in two spaces, a common service.
Churches built side by side
A few twin churches consist of two churches built side by side.
Germany
- Brehna : St. Jakobus and St. Clemens (Brehna)
- Schönecken : St. Leodegar and Our Lady , elongated new building on the south side
- Vetschau / Spreewald : Wendish-German double church
Russia
- Pskov : Church of the Protection of the Virgin Mary and Birth
- Veliky Novgorod : Church of Apostles Philip and Nicholas the Wonderworker
Churches built alongside one another
In the following centuries, church complexes were also built in which two churches were built alongside each other, often separated from each other by a common tower in the middle.
Germany
- Double church Althaldensleben, Haldensleben
- Walloon-Dutch Church , Hanau
- Lettgenbrunn Church
- Wilnsdorf : Parish Church of St. Johannes Baptist
France
Building complex with secular building
- Mannheim : Konkordienkirche , church with tower and Mozart school
Churches a short distance away
Another constellation, referred to as a double church , consists of separate churches built at a short spatial distance from one another, mostly of the same denomination. These are of Roman (Trier Cathedral and Liebfrauen), medieval or later origin and served two separate communities, often as a spatial separation of the collegiate or monastery church from the associated parish church.
After the secularization of the Catholic churches in the early 19th century and the associated abolition of numerous monasteries, these - often lavishly furnished - churches were often taken over by the parishes, while the - mostly much smaller - old parish churches were demolished. However, some statements have been preserved.
Germany
- Aachen : Aachen Cathedral and St. Foillan
- Aachen- Burtscheid : St. Johann Baptist and St. Michael
- Augsburg : Ulrichskirche (ev.) And St. Ulrich and Afra (cath.)
- Augsburg: Katholisch Heilig Kreuz (originally the collegiate church of the Canons) and Evangelisch Heilig Kreuz (previous building served as a Catholic Leutekirche for the population)
- Bonn : Münster and former St. Gangolf's Church
- Erfurt : Cathedral and St. Severi
- Essen : Cathedral and St. Johann Baptist
- Cologne : St. Cäcilien and St. Peter
- Magdeburg : Cathedral and 1968 as well as from 2003 archaeologically excavated church of previously unknown patronage (possibly St. Mauritius Monastery or St. Laurentius Church)
- Trier : Cathedral and Liebfrauen
Austria
- Globasnitz in Carinthia , Austria: Two double churches on the Hemmaberg
Cyprus
- Famagusta : Former Templar and Johanniter churches
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Franz Rothermel : floor plan . Dirmstein 1741 (original in the central archive of the Evangelical Church of the Palatinate , Speyer, Dept. 170, No. 698).
- ↑ Balthasar Neumann : Order from the neyen church in Dirmstein . Ehrenbreitstein 1740 (originals - two sheets with floor plan and west view - in the archives of the Speyer diocese).
- ↑ The Church in Dorsheim dorsheim.de
- ↑ St. Trinitatis (ev.) And St. Nicholas Church (cath.)
- ↑ On the typology of the double church see E. Hertlein: The Basilica of S. Francesco in Assisi , Florence 1964, pp. 140 ff.
- ↑ Francis of Assisi - Ecumenical Lexicon of Saints
- ↑ idro-Verona
- ↑ Mühlviertel , upperaustria.org.
- ↑ Schöneck double church of Our Lady and St. Leodegar .
- ^ Evangelical Church in Mannheim.
- ↑ Globasnitz ( Memento of the original from June 19, 2003 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , suedkaernten.at.
