Schwarzrheindorf / Vilich-Rheindorf

Schwarzrheindorf / Vilich-Rheindorf Federal city of Bonn Coordinates: 50 ° 44 ′ 52 ″  N , 7 ° 7 ′ 11 ″  E
Residents :	6677  (Dec. 31, 2018)
Incorporation :	1st August 1969
Area code :	0228
Location of the district Schwarzrheindorf / Vilich-Rheindorf in the Bonn district of Beuel

Schwarzrheindorf / Vilich-Rheindorf is a district on the right bank of the Rhine in the federal city of Bonn in the Beuel district , located on the banks of the Rhine . The double church of St. Maria and Clemens in Schwarzrheindorf is one of the most important cultural monuments and sights of Bonn.

Schwarzrheindorf has about 4,500 inhabitants. Together with Vilich-Rheindorf with around 2,000 more inhabitants, it forms an administrative district that borders the Rhine in the west, Vilich in the east and the Beueler Combahnviertel in the south . In the north, the district extends to the Sieg .

history

The name Schwarzrheindorf comes from the black costume of the nuns in the Schwarzrheindorfer monastery - in contrast to the nuns on the other side of the Rhine who wore gray - hence “ Graurheindorf ” there. The Schwarzrheindorfer nunneries were already wealthy in the Wiedischen Land in the 12th century . They maintained a farm of considerable size in Niederbreitbach (Neuwied district).

Caesar monument

Schwarzrheindorf is one of the oldest Celtic settlements in the Rhine Valley. There is no evidence that Gaius Julius Caesar built a bridge over the Rhine during his Germanic campaign from Bonn near Schwarzrheindorf (district of Gensem). The Caesar monument on the Rheinuferdamm was originally created for the Beueler Rheinbrücke , which was built at the end of the 19th century, and erected there. In the course of the 2000 year celebration of the city of Bonn, the monument was rebuilt in 1989 on the initiative of the Monument and History Association on the right bank of the Rhine.

Significant historical buildings

The Wolfsburg

The name of the former moated castle is derived from the knightly family of Wolff von Rheindorf. This family established its ancestral seat here in the 13th century. The first mention of the knight Godart von Rheindorf as owner of the castle is documented in 1334. In the coat of arms the sex leads a wolf walking from left to right.

In the 14th century, the old family castle of Wolff von Rheindorf came into the possession of Johannes von Buschfeld through marriage and fell to Arnold von Gymnich in 1477 through the marriage of his daughter Margarethe . The castle remained in the possession of this family for many years until the family died out. A weather vane forged in iron on the tower of the complex, containing the year 1597, shows a dragon, which in turn holds the coat of arms of the von Gymnich family. Through the marriage of the widow of the last Gymnich, the property passed to the barons of Mirbach .

Wolfsburg was one of the few houses in Beuel that survived the ice floods of 1784 .

From 1807 the building was leased. After the noble owners no longer lived in the castle, the tenants moved to the actual castle. The outer bailey with the Gymnicher Hof was given up.

The oldest part of the complex is the central tower. This dates back to the 13th century. Residential towers and defense towers (so-called moths ) are typical elements of Rhenish castle building in the 12th and 13th centuries and often formed the center of medieval aristocratic residences. The noble residence consists of basalt stone masonry and stood on a square floor plan in the middle of a square courtyard. This was surrounded by the quarry stone wall still preserved on two sides , which probably had a battlement.

In the 17th century, an L-shaped extension was added to the formerly free-standing tower. The former moats, over which a bridge led to the castle area on the north side, disappeared when the flood dike was built in the 1920s.

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  Wolfsburg - view from the southeast

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  View from the northwest

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  Wolfsburg, aerial photo (2016)

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  Weather vane on the tower

Double church in Schwarzrheindorf

→ Main article : St. Maria and Clemens (Schwarzrheindorf)

Schwarzrheindorf, double church, view from the southwest

The double church in Schwarzrheindorf is a Romanesque gem. Its wall paintings from the 12th century in the lower and upper churches are among the best preserved of their time. The cycles do not simply illustrate stories from the Old Testament ; rather, church visitors encounter a sophisticated system of relationships between the image fields. More meaning arises in their arrangement than in the sum of the individual images.

The church was on April 25, 1151 by the Archbishop of Cologne Arnold von Wied in the presence of King Konrad III. consecrated. Schwarzrheindorf owes the discovery of Arnold's tomb and the renovation of the church, which was carried out at the beginning of the 21st century, to his long-time pastor Monsignore Karl Königs (1926 to 2005), who did a great job of preserving and researching the church.

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  Look into the choir

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  Majestas Domini Christ as the judge of the world surrounded by the four symbols of the evangelists, at his feet the founders Arnold and Hadwig von Wied

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  Schwarzrheindorf - St. Maria and Clemens

Jewish Cemetery

→ Main article : Jewish cemetery (Schwarzrheindorf)

Bonn's oldest preserved Jewish cemetery is in Schwarzrheindorf.

Other structures

Next to the church you will find one of the oldest documented restaurants in Bonn, the Assenmacher inn. The building has probably been used as an inn since the 14th century.

Life in Schwarzrheindorf and Vilich-Rheindorf

The main streets of the two districts are Stiftsstraße (until the 1960s Kirchstraße), Grabenstraße, Vilicher Straße, Rheindorfer Straße (until the 1960s, “Bonner Straße”) and Gensemer Straße near the Rhine. Most of the long-established families of the place who have helped shape the development over the past 100 years live there. The local community elementary school "Arnold-von-Wied", a former Catholic elementary school, dates back to 1857. Today an open all-day school (OGS) is attached to the school.

The Michael House, which was built in 1962 on the initiative of Pastor Müller at the time and renovated and modernized at the beginning of 2008, houses a Montessori children's house, an open house and a multi-purpose hall.

The sports field, rebuilt in 1987/88 as the last major sports facility project in the city of Bonn, with its club house from 1975, houses the traditional football club FV Preussen Bonn 1912 e. V. (until the 1970s Prussia Rheindorf ). In the course of the renovations, the bunker built by the Rheindorf residents themselves in the last months of the war in 1944/1945 was hidden under the current parking lot of the sports field.

The Schwarzrheindorf / Vilich-Rheindorfer citizens and their clubs (soccer, carnival club Schwarz-Gelb-Jonge , bachelor club, men's choir, etc.) serve long-established pubs and restaurants: next to the Assenmacher, for example, the Hotel Mertens (1964 to 2017), until 2007 the Jahnstube (today Cafe Rif ) and until 1985 the Explorer Club of the underwater filmmaker Rolf Möltgen , which was well known beyond Bonn (several award-winning underwater documentaries for West German radio ). The regular events include the carnival procession on the Saturday before Shrove Monday, the village and children's festival as a fair on the weekend ten days after Corpus Christi and the lantern parade to Sankt Martin at the beginning of November with a subsequent Martins fire on the Rheindorfer Hof next to the double church.

Sons and daughters

• Heinrich Neu (1906–1976), art historian
• Hans Steger (1922–1998), politician (CDU)
• Peter Haas (* 1940), dialect poet
• Rodolfo Pedro Wirz Kraemer (* 1942), German-Uruguayan clergyman, emeritus Roman Catholic bishop of Maldonado-Punta del Este

See also

• List of architectural monuments in the Bonn district of Schwarzrheindorf / Vilich-Rheindorf
• List of crossroads and wayside shrines in the Bonn district of Schwarzrheindorf / Vilich-Rheindorf

Web links

Commons : Schwarzrheindorf / Vilich-Rheindorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Population in Bonn by districts (according to the main statute) on December 31 , 2018 , Federal City of Bonn - Statistics Office, February 2019
2. ↑ Manfred Spata: The millennium flood of 1784 in Bonn and Beuel (= Monument and History Association Bonn-Rechtsrheinisch eV [Ed.]: Small contributions to memorials and history in Bonn on the right bank of the Rhine . Volume 4 ). Bonn 2017, ISBN 978-3-9812164-5-5 (40 pages).
3. ^ Wilhelm Bernhardi: Konrad III. Yearbooks of German History. Berlin 1975. (Reprint of the 1st edition from 1883 from the year books of German history), p. 872.