Niederbreitbach

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 32 '  N , 7 ° 25'  E
Basic data
State :	Rhineland-Palatinate
County :	Neuwied
Association municipality :	Rengsdorf-Waldbreitbach
Height :	120 m above sea level NHN
Area :	8.53 km 2
Residents:	1547 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	181 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	56589
Area code :	02638
License plate :	NO
Community key :	07 1 38 047
Community structure:	9 districts
Association administration address:	Westerwaldstrasse 32–34 56579 Rengsdorf
Website :	www.niederbreitbach.de
Mayoress :	Susanne Hardt
Location of the local community Niederbreitbach in the district of Neuwied

The Niederbreitbach Village Museum

Niederbreitbach is a local community and a state-recognized health resort in the Neuwied district in the north of Rhineland-Palatinate . It belongs to the community of Rengsdorf-Waldbreitbach .

geography

Geographical location

Niederbreitbach is located in the middle Wiedtal , approx. 14 kilometers from Neuwied . In Niederbreitbach the Fockenbach flows into the Wied; this valley is designated as the core zone of the Rhine-Westerwald nature park . The castle ruins of Neuerburg from the 12th century are located on a rock above the valley floor, but invisible from it.

Districts and residential areas

The following districts and residential areas belong to the municipality

• Farm
• Burder
• Clemenshütte
• House Nonnenbach
• Hegerhof
• Kelterhof
• Kurtenacker
• Niederbreitbach
• Wolfenacker

Wolfenacker, aerial photo (2016)

history

When the current cemetery was laid out in 1930, graves from the Franconian era (around the 7th or 8th century) were found. The place is first mentioned in a document in 857 with "Bretbah" as the border of the tenth district of Rengsdorf is described. This place, along with the other places in the tenth district, was subject to the Koblenz Castorstift . The places in the Wiedtal that belonged to the parish "Breitbach" were grouped together under the name "Basically Breitbach" in the earliest historical times. For Upper and Lower Breitbach, was that getting there, " Walt -Breitbach" was where in each case the United walt was clothes accommodated.

By kurkölnischer Archbishop Arnold II. Von Wied is in 1173 for the monastery of Benedictine nuns in black Rheindorf a courtyard created ( "Rheindorfer yard") in Niederbreitbach. A successor to Arnold, Philipp I von Heinsberg , bought the two Breitbach from Wied in 1197 and brought them to the electoral sovereignty of Cologne.

In a document from 1278 a "farm field" (up deme ackere) is mentioned, which was built around 1265, today the district Ackerhof. In a sales deed from 1393, various field names are mentioned that are still in use today. In today's district of Bürder, the "Hof Schützeichel" with the name "Schudensichel" is mentioned for the first time in 1468, the farm was owned by the Heisterbach monastery , which is why it was sometimes called "Heisterbacher Hof".

The fact that Niederbreitbach (Nidder Breitbach) was a wine village as early as 1505 is evident from a sales document. A Servais (Servatius) from Leubsdorf (Lupsdorf) sold 14 acres of Weingartenbruch and "the Argendorfer Gut" to the bailiff Nesselrode (today: Nesselrath). Various field names and the first mention of the village of Wolfenacker emerge from a “stock book” from the year 1583, when the yard and fields were surveyed by the Schwarz-Rheindorf monastery. The records also show that “Grefenbreitbach” (Greffier = court jury) had a so-called hub jurisdiction and court was held on three specified days a year.

In the middle of the 17th century Niederbreitbach became the administrative center of the parish.

In 1821, as a result of the secularization, the “Rheindorfer Hof” and its properties were auctioned off and the building was closed.

Neuerburg Castle

→ Main article : Neuerburg

Neuerburg, not far from the Fockenbach Valley, was built around 1170 by Ludwig II of Thuringia . Around 1250, following the death of Heinrich III. von Sayn, the castle with the Breitbach office was handed over to the Archbishopric of Cologne. The castle began to decline in the 17th century. In the meantime, parts of the castle have been restored due to a private initiative.

Church history

Cemetery chapel and former school (rubble stone building)

Elector Clemens August monument

In the already mentioned document of the Benedictine nuns of Schwarz-Rheindorf from 1393 the name "nycolausberg" (today "Clausberg") is also mentioned. This is the first mention of the chapel dedicated to St. Nicholas . It can be assumed that the construction of the church goes back to the Benedictine nuns in Schwarz-Rheindorf. Until 1583 only the part of the choir still preserved today stood. In the Truchsessian War , the enemies of Kurköln marched through the Wiedtal, pillaging and destroying the churches. In 1583 the St. Nicholas Chapel received its first extension with a baroque interior. Extensive renovations were carried out on the chapel between 1833 and 1838. The western part of the extension took place in 1912 and was largely abandoned in 1975. The chapel was given to the civil parish in 1977 for use as a cemetery chapel.

With an episcopal document dated May 1, 1961, the Catholic parish vicarie St. Laurentius became an independent parish. The foundation stone for the new parish church was laid in 1966. Since Easter 1968, the church of St. Laurentius has been the parish church of Niederbreitbach.

Clemenshütte

At the end of the 18th century, mining played a not insignificant role in the region. On the other side of the Wied in the direction of Hausen was the Heinrich mine. The Louisenglück mine and the Ferdinand mine were located in the Fockenbach valley in the direction of Niederhonnefeld . Copper was mined here. The construction of the Clemenshütte began in 1750 to smelt the copper ore obtained . The hut was named after the Cologne Elector Clemens August (1723–1761). The hut was put into operation in 1752. In a report from Bergrats Zeppenfeld to Elector Maximilian Franz (1784–1801) from 1787, instead of a copper smelter, an ironworks is mentioned. This report states, among other things, that a blast furnace and a copper smelting furnace with four hammers and a fire stood here. It is possible that iron was processed here in addition to copper, on the Wiedufer opposite Waldbreitbach there is still a former tunnel today, from which water that is rich in iron pours out.

The location of the hut, also because of the poor transport connections, never allowed profitability. In 1811 the hut was auctioned and in 1812 it was closed. Until 1961 there was a monument to the Elector on the former smelter site; today it is on the site of the former Boesner company in Niederbieber .

The school

From 1792 to 1803 Matthias Wittlich was the proven teacher of the normal school in Niederbreitbach in Cologne. The school in Niederbreitbach was reported again on May 15, 1821. The mayor turns to the royal district administrator in Heddesdorf to have the school renovated for 55 guilders . It is no longer known where this school was located. It should have been very small, however, because on November 5, 1824, the princely administration in Dierdorf approved the purchase of a house that had previously belonged to a Bertram Steiner . A correspondence between the teacher and the community and the school inspectorate shows that Niederbreitbach had a total of 96 school-age children in 1837. The correspondence also shows that there was only one room available for all children and that the teacher taught the children in “shift work” in the mornings and afternoons.

The community had already bought a larger property, "Hümmerichs Scheune", for 430  thalers , and a further 386 thalers were spent on repairs. In 1840 this school was occupied. This school soon turned out to be too small, too. In 1877, the students moved to the parish hall. Finally, in 1910, the elementary school was rebuilt, today the “Neuerburgschule” elementary school.

Population development

The development of the population of Niederbreitbach, the values ​​from 1871 to 1987 are based on censuses.

year Residents 1815 515 1835 656 1871 656 1905 626 1939 749 1950 834 1961 949

year Residents 1970 1,070 1987 1,204 1997 1,469 2005 1,521 2011 1,568 2017 1,585 2019 1,547

religion

The Catholic community celebrates its masses in the St. Laurentius Church (parish church) in Niederbreitbach.

A well-known member of this parish was Peter Wirth (1830–1871), who, as Brother James, founded the Congregation of the Franciscan Brothers of the Holy Cross (FFSC) in Hausen (Neuwied district). The neighboring Kreuzkapelle is considered the foundation site of the Franciscans in neighboring Hausen.

Another well-known member of this parish was Rosa Flesch (1826–1906), founder of the Franciscan Sisters of the Blessed Virgin Mary of the Angels (FBMVA), builder of psychiatric institutions, hospitals, custody facilities for old people and children as well as sewing schools.

politics

Municipal council

The council in Niederbreitbach consists of 16 council members, who in the local elections on May 26, 2019 in a majority vote were elected, and the volunteer local mayor as chairman. In the 2009 elections, personalized proportional representation took place.

The distribution of seats in the municipal council:

choice	SPD	CDU	FWG	total
2019	by majority vote			16 seats
2014	by majority vote			16 seats
2009	-	5	11	16 seats
2004	1	7th	8th	16 seats

• FWG = Free Voting Group Niederbreitbach e. V.

mayor

Susanne Hardt became mayor of Niederbreitbach on June 24, 2019. In the direct election on May 26, 2019, she was elected for five years with 84.79% of the vote. Susanne Hardt's predecessor was Bruno Hoffmann, who had held the office for 15 years.

coat of arms

Blazon : “In blue in front of two left silver sloping foot corrugations, a golden castle, consisting of two connected rectangles: one elongated rectangle as a base floor with an archway (which has moved slightly from the center to the left) and to the right of it with two closed shutters in the form of four isosceles triangles each, all butting with their tips, one of the opposing pairs is blue, the other is gold. The second rectangle on edge above the archway with a rectangular, blue window also shown on edge at the top right. "

Culture and sights

Attractions

Wet meadow in the Fockenbachtal

Wiedtal and Fockenbachtal offer the opportunity for extensive hikes on well-developed hiking trails in an almost untouched nature. To the right and left of the hiking trails, many witnesses of the past can be discovered, for example an aviator memorial, several former ore tunnels and their processing facilities, as well as some mills (Fockenbachsmühle, Krölls-Mühle ). Half-timbered houses from the 18th century can still be found in the village .

Saint Lawrence Chapel

Probably built by the Rheindorf Benedictine nuns. The chapel was formerly dedicated to St. Consecrated to Nicholas.

• 1393: The "Nikolausberg" is mentioned for the first time in a sales contract.
• 1700: Enlargement of the nave, erection of the tower, fitting out with a baroque altar
• 1912: The chapel is enlarged
• 1961: Formation of an independent parish St. Laurentius, Niederbreitbach
• 1977: Conversion to a cemetery chapel

The Neuerburg

Neuerburg castle ruins

The Neuerburg castle ruins are located about 2.5 km east of Niederbreitbach at about 250  m above sea level. NHN on a steep cliff above the Fockenbach. The Neuerburg built around the year 1170. The castle is not accessible to hikers and those interested.

Neuerburg (Wied)

Klosterhof Nonnenbach

Between Datzeroth and the former forester's house Nonnenbach, to the left of the county road, you can still see parts of the wall remains of the former Grenzelberg monastery (Grundelberg, later forester's house Nonnenbach). This courtyard was used by the Andernach Marienkloster from the first half of the 12th century until the middle of the 16th century. Parts of the fountain, which is named after the court man Laurentius, are also preserved in the immediate vicinity. In the minds of the people, today's Laurentius figure in the Niederbreitbach church is said to have been taken from this fountain.

Village museum

In the center of the village, the Niederbreitbach Village Museum opens its doors several times a year to show visitors a small homestead that, less than 100 years ago, provided bread and lodging under one roof for two to three generations. You can visit a kitchen, a 'living room', a shoemaker's workshop, excavation finds, a reconstruction model of the Neuerburg (in the various construction phases), documents, pictures, original writings and photographs.

See also : List of cultural monuments in Niederbreitbach

music

• Men's choir Concordia Niederbreitbach
• Church choir "Cäcilia" Niederbreitbach e. V.

Regular events

• Carnival Sunday parade (2:11 p.m.)
• Corpus Christi procession
• Royal shooting of the St. Hubertus shooting society and the bachelor club 1864 Niederbreitbach
• On the 2nd weekend in August, the bachelor club 1864 Niederbreitbach invites you to its traditional St. Laurentius fair.

education

• Municipal kindergarten "Rainbow Land"
• Neuerburg school, elementary school
• Realschule Plus, Waldbreitbach
• Adult Education Center, Waldbreitbach

traffic

The location is determined by the country road L 255 with Neuwied and Neustadt (Wied) or Asbach and the L 257 with Bad Hönningen and federal highway 256 , respectively. The next motorway junctions are Neuwied and Neustadt / Wied on the federal motorway 3 .

The next train station is in Bad Hönningen on the right-hand Rhine route .

Personalities

• Albert Hardt (* 1933 in Wolfenacker), writer
• KO Götz (* 1914 in Aachen; † 2017 in Wolfenacker), painter and poet, professorship at the Düsseldorf Art Academy, husband of Rissa
• Rissa (real name Karin Götz), wife of KO Götz, b. 1938 in Chemnitz, from 1969 to 2007 professor at the Düsseldorf Art Academy

literature

• Albert Hardt: In the land of Neuerburg an der Wied. Waldbreitbach 1987.
• Albert Meinhard: Local history of Niederbreitbach an der Wied. In: Landkreis Neuwied (Hrsg.): Heimatjahrbuch des Landkreis Neuwied 1983 and 1984.

Web links

Commons : Niederbreitbach  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Internet presence of the local community Niederbreitbach

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate - population status 2019, districts, municipalities, association communities ( help on this ).
2. ^ ^{A b} State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate: My village, my city. Retrieved June 25, 2020 . 
3. ↑ State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Official directory of the municipalities and parts of the municipality. Status: January 2019 ^{[ Version 2020 is available. ]} . S. 53 (PDF; 3 MB).
4. ↑ Rococo monument commemorates the elector. In: Rhein-Zeitung. September 3, 2011.
5. ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: Local elections 2019, city and municipal council elections
6. ↑ Niederbreitbacher Council has been constituted. NR-Kurier, June 27, 2019, accessed on March 13, 2020 . 
7. ^ The Regional Returning Officer Rhineland-Palatinate: direct elections 2019. see Rengsdorf-Waldbreitbach, Verbandsgemeinde, twelfth line of results. Retrieved March 13, 2020 . 
8. ↑ Ralf Grün: A local mayor who is a role model: Bruno Hoffmann on his term in office in Niederbreitbach. Rhein-Zeitung, July 19, 2019, accessed on March 13, 2020 .