Auerberg

This article describes a district of Bonn. For further meanings see Auerberg (disambiguation) .

Auerberg Federal city of Bonn Coordinates: 50 ° 45 ′ 28 ″  N , 7 ° 4 ′ 16 ″  E
Height :	59 m above sea level NHN
Residents :	9786  (December 31, 2018)
Postal code :	53117
Area code :	0228
Location of the Auerberg district in the Bonn district

Auerberg has been an independent district in the north of the federal city of Bonn since 1966 . It belongs to the city ​​district of Bonn and borders in the northeast and north on Graurheindorf , in the northwest on Hersel and Buschdorf , in the west on Tannenbusch separated by the A 555 , and in the southwest and south on the Nordstadt and Bonn-Castell , separated by the A 565 .

Geographical location

Auerberg lies on a so-called low terrace and therefore, unlike the neighboring Graurheindorf, does not belong to the floodplain of the Rhine . In contrast to the neighboring areas on the Rhine side, the floors consist mainly of clay soil .

Surname

The name “Auerberg” is derived from the old names of the district as in den auen (first mentioned in 1381) and up dem berch (1438) and is first documented in 1572 as Avvenberg .

history

From early history to the beginning of the 20th century

The oldest trace of human settlement in Auerberg is a grave from the late Hallstatt period discovered in 1969 (around 500 BC). In Roman times the area was immediately north of the Roman settlements around the legion camp ( castra Bonnensia ) built in the early 1st century ; a Roman road led along here as part of the Roman Rhine Valley Road in the direction of Cologne.

Even then and in the following centuries the area was used for agriculture; Viticulture can still be traced well into the 19th century. Due to the good air circulation, some windmills were also built in the 15th and 16th centuries . The last mill (on the edge of the Auerberger terrace between today's Londoner Strasse and An der Rheindorfer Burg ) did not cease to operate until 1899.

Prussian milestone ("Adlerstein") on the corner of Kölnstrasse and Engländerweg; this is where the border between the two departments ran during the French era

In the Middle Ages and early modern times, the northern border of the Bonn city ban, marked with bannstones, ran through the Auerberg area. After the French occupied the left bank of the Rhine in 1794, the border between the departments de Rhin-et-Moselle and de la Roer ran through the Auerberger area (along the Engländerweg , today's border between Auerberg and Hersel) from 1798 to 1814 .

Since the High Middle Ages , the area south of the current wall of the north cemetery on Kölnstrasse was the place of execution for Bonn's high judiciary until the early modern period . First executions on the gallows are recorded in 1143; the dead were buried on the neighboring Schindanger . The last execution took place in 1777; In 1794 the gallows was torn down.

In the 14th century, the city of Bonn built an infirmary in the up der Hüh district (at today's intersection of Kölnstrasse and An der Josefshöhe ), to which a Lazarus chapel was added in 1412 . In 1713 the infirmary was closed and continued as a manor by the municipal poor administration. In 1868 the site was acquired by the Catholic Association in Bonn, which in 1872 built the St. Joseph an der Höhe educational institution (today's Collegium Josephinum ) as an orphanage . The Lazarus Chapel was demolished in 1883 and replaced by a neo-Gothic church building by 1886 .

In 1884, the Nordfriedhof was opened along Kölnstrasse , which is now Bonn's largest cemetery after being expanded several times.

In 1902, in addition to the St. Joseph educational institution, only the cemetery administration of the north cemetery, a neighboring gardening shop, a farm and a restaurant were located in the area of ​​today's Auerberg district; the total population was 40. It was not until the early 20th century that the systematic settlement of the area began.

Development and settlement of Auerberg up to the establishment of the district in 1966

The white area to the right of the railway line from Bonn-Nord to Buschdorf marks the north cemetery

As early as 1906, the area was connected to the Bonn-Nord railway station by the Rheinuferbahn of the Cologne-Bonn Railways (KBE) running behind the Nordfriedhof , which was between Kölnstrasse and today's A555 in the area of ​​today's Georg-von-Boeselager-Strasse and up to 1954 was served by passenger traffic; Freight traffic only ended in 1968 when a new line was opened via Tannenbusch.

In 1927, the Vereinigte Leichtmetallwerke GmbH set up shop along the railway tracks north of the station; the location still exists today. A plan pursued by the city of Bonn in the 1920s to expand the area between Kölnstrasse and Graurheindorf into a large industrial area was abandoned after a short time.

Instead, the “Interest Group of Unemployed Self-Help Settlers”, a forerunner of the later Bonn-Nord and Tannenbusch settler communities, began in 1932 with plans for residential development; it was based on the "guidelines for the establishment of suburban settlements" issued in autumn 1931 by the government under Heinrich Brüning as part of the emergency ordinances. In June 1934 the first 130 houses (mainly along today's Kölnstrasse , Saarbrückener Strasse and Allensteiner Strasse ) were ready for occupancy; this so-called Nordrandsiedlung formed the core of the later district. In 1937 more houses were added in today's southern Richthofenstraße .

The now vacant building of the St. Joseph educational institution, which had served as a hospital during the First World War , was taken over by the Redemptorists in 1920 together with the neo-Gothic church ( Redemptorist monastery Bonn ), who continued the school there as a religious school with boarding school and a monastery for the set up teaching fathers in the school. The National Socialists closed the school and monastery in 1940 and maintained a teacher training institute there until 1944; later the building was used as a military hospital and soldiers' quarters. In 1945 the Redemptorists resumed school and monastery operations; it still exists today as the Collegium Josephinum .

In 1963, the city of Bonn presented plans for a continuous 18-storey development in Auerberg, which should offer space for 20,000 residents; However, the plans failed due to resistance from local residents.

During the time when Bonn was the capital of the Federal Republic of Germany (1949–1990), numerous state guests visited the official memorial in the north cemetery and laid a wreath there. In this way, Auerberg was part of the regular program of state visits to the Federal Republic of Germany at this time .

Expansion since 1966

On December 3, 1966, Auerberg, previously part of the Bonn-Nord district, became an independent district of Bonn as "Bonn-Auerberg" ; since 1972 it has its own local committee .

In 1971 the business center on Kölnstrasse was expanded, and in 1973 the student residence on Pariser Strasse was opened. Further new buildings were built in the 1970s and 1980s in streets also named after European cities, whereby the streets in the center of Auerberg are named exclusively after European capitals (e.g. Amsterdamer Straße, Athener Straße, Berner Straße, Bukarester Straße, Brusselser Straße, Dubliner Street, Helsinkistraße, Copenhagener Straße, Lisboner Straße, Londoner Straße, Luxemburger Straße, Madridstraße, Osloer Straße, Pariser Straße, Reykjavikstraße, Stockholmer Straße, Warschauer Straße, Wiener Straße), while the surrounding streets are named after other European non-capital cities (Allensteiner Strasse, Eupener Strasse, Flensburger Strasse, Saarbrückener Strasse, Tilsiter Strasse); this street naming concept is continued to this day.

From the mid-1990s onwards, after lengthy negotiations, numerous other low-storey residential buildings and a shopping center called “Auerberger Mitte” were built on both sides of the new tram route in Pariser Strasse. The development was completed at the end of the 2010s.

Population development

The number of residents of Auerberg has been increasing continuously since the 1930s.

year Residents 1902 40 1939 974 1946 1,117 1950 1,272 1956 1,455 1961 1,828 1970 3,780 1976 5,804 1980 6,028 1988 7.204

date Residents December 31, 1993 7,893 December 31, 1994 7,922 December 31, 1995 7,923 December 31, 1996 7,967 December 31, 1997 8.004 December 31, 1998 8,095 December 31, 1999 8,114 December 31, 2000 8,265 December 31, 2001 8,546 December 31, 2002 8,532

date Residents December 31, 2003 8,722 December 31, 2004 8,765 December 31, 2005 8,790 December 31, 2006 8,770 December 31, 2007 8,822 December 31, 2008 8,952 December 31, 2009 9,081 December 31, 2010 9.219

Religions

Redemptorist Monastery

The Redemptorist monastery on Kölnstrasse (corner of An der Josefshöhe ), founded in 1920, has been partially converted into an old people's home in recent years as a result of the order's problems with young people; but the monastery continues.

Catholic parish church of St. Bernhard

In 1956 the Catholic parish church of St. Bernhard, named after Bernhard von Clairvaux , was inaugurated along with the rectory on Eupener Strasse ; In 1979 she received a new organ.

Evangelical community forum

In 1974 the Evangelical Community Forum was opened on Luxemburger Strasse . It belongs to the 3rd parish of the Lukaskirchen parish in Bonn.

education

schools

• The Collegium Josephinum , which has been run by the Redemptorists since 1920 and has been open to all students since 1950, has been home to a grammar school since 1976 and a secondary school . In 1980 a new building for the school center was inaugurated.
• In 1955 the St. Hedwig Catholic Primary School was founded at Josefshöhe , from which the St. Hedwig Catholic Secondary School emerged in 1978 .
• In 1976 the then Karl-Hoch-Schule moved from Graurheindorf, where its predecessor had existed since the 17th century, to Auerberg; there it has been called the Bernhardschule as a primary school since 1977 .

Libraries

• The St. Bernhard Catholic Public Library has existed since 1957 (1957–61 Catholic Volksbücherei; 1961–68 St. Bernhard Parish Library ).

traffic

railroad

Auerberg has been served by bus routes since the 1960s and, since 1994, by the Bonn tram lines 61 and 65, which connect the district with the center of Bonn . The tram terminus is currently at the northern end of Pariser Strasse on Copenhagener Strasse. Other tram stops in the district are “Auerberger Mitte” and “An der Josefshöhe”.

As the remainder of the former Rheinuferbahn , a freight track from Buschdorf to this day leads from the north to the small industrial area between Nordfriedhof and A 555 , where the Bonn-Nord station on the Rheinuferbahn was previously located. However, this track is no longer served.

Highway

Directly at the north bridge of the A 565 is the exit “Bonn-Auerberg” on the left bank of the Rhine, from which the district can be reached via Herseler Straße and An der Josefshöhe .

economy

In 1927, the Vereinigte Leichtmetallwerke GmbH (VAW Leichtmetallwerke Bonn, 1969–1983, VAW Vereinigte Aluminumwerke AG since 1983) settled on the A 555 in today's Georg-von-Boeselager-Straße . The company, which still exists, has been part of Norsk Hydro since 2004/2005 .

From 1950 to the mid-1990s, part of the VIAG AG headquarters was in Bonn-Auerberg.

Attractions

Redemptorist monastery church in Bonn: Figures above the portal

• Redemptorist monastery on Kölnstrasse with itsneo-Gothic monastery church builtfrom 1883–1886 according to plans by Heinrich Wiethase . This was completely restored in the 1980s. Since then, she has had a splendid interior painting. It also houses items from the original Lazarus chapel in Bonn's infirmary, which was demolished in 1883 when the church was rebuilt.
• Nordfriedhof (main entrance on Kölnstrasse), planned as a park cemetery by Bonn's city architect Ludwig von Noel and opened as a new cemetery in1884, today the largest cemetery in the city of Bonn. Until 1990, numerous state guests of the Federal Republic of Germany laid wreaths at the memorial there.
• As a thank you for not being hit by bombs in World War II , the settler community built the small chapel "Mariä Königin", popularly known as "Heiligenhäuschen", between Saarbrückener Straße and Auerbergweg .
• Opposite the property at Rheindorfer Burg 22 , on the edge of the terrace, the Auerberg mill stump has been preserved, popularly known as the "Müllestumpe"; The guesthouse and excursion restaurant Am Müllestumpe is nearby .

See also

• List of architectural monuments in the Auerberg district of Bonn

literature

• [Grünkorn 1989] Franz Grünkorn / Jürgen Haffke / Florian Becker / Michael Dietrich: Bonn's northwest. Stations in the development of Auerberg, Buschdorf, Graurheindorf and Tannenbusch. 2nd improved edition, Bonn 1989.
• [Schoene / Starcke / Stein 1992] Renate Schoene / Karl Wilhelm Starcke / Ruthild Stein (eds.): Bonn-Auerberg yesterday-today-tomorrow. Bonn 1992.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Population in Bonn by districts (according to the main statute) on December 31 , 2018 , Federal City of Bonn - Statistics Office, February 2019
2. ^ Otto Fränzle: Geomorphology of the area around Bonn. Dümmler, Bonn 1969 (Work on Rhenish Regional Studies, Volume 29).
3. ↑ Schoene / Starke / Stein 1992, p. 11; Josef Dietz: Hallway and street names in the north and west of Bonn. In: Rheinische Vierteljahrsblätter Vol. 10, 1940, pp. 307–323.
4. ^ Franz Grünkorn: The north cemetery. Graves as witnesses to history. In: Schoene / Starcke / Stein 1992, pp. 37–39, here p. 37 (there typo “after Christ”).
5. ^ ^{A b} Ruthild Stein: Historical development of Auerberg. In: Schoene / Starcke / Stein 1992, pp. 19–35, here p. 19.
6. ↑ The mill stump in the north of Bonn  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed May 18, 2011) ; additionally Grünkorn 1989, p. 16 f.  
7. ^ Herbert Müller-Hengstenberg: The boundary stones and signs of the old Bonn city ban . In: Bonner Geschichtsblätter, Volume 31, 1979, pp. 17-25; Images and maps also from Ruthild Stein: Historical development of Auerberg. In: Schoene / Starcke / Stein 1992, pp. 19–35, here pp. 25–27.
8. ↑ Ruthild Stein: Historical Development Auerbergs. In: Schoene / Starcke / Stein 1992, pp. 19–35, here p. 28.
9. ↑ Ruthild Stein: Historical Development Auerbergs. In: Schoene / Starcke / Stein 1992, pp. 19–35, here pp. 21–23 (with illustrations).
10. ^ Franz Grünkorn: The north cemetery. Graves as witnesses to history . In: Schoene / Starcke / Stein 1992, p. 37-39, here p. 38 f.
11. ↑ Ruthild Stein: Historical Development Auerbergs. In: Schoene / Starcke / Stein 1992, pp. 19–35, here p. 30.
12. ↑ Ruthild Stein: Historical Development Auerbergs. In: Schoene / Starcke / Stein 1992, pp. 19–35, here p. 31 (with picture).
13. ↑ Ruthild Stein: Historical Development Auerbergs. In: Schoene / Starcke / Stein 1992, pp. 19–35, here p. 32: Planning drawing from 1926.
14. ↑ Grünkorn 1989, pp. 33-35; Hans Noltensmeyer: Settler Community Bonn-North. In: Schoene / Starcke / Stein 1992, pp. 65–67.
15. ↑ Ruthild Stein: Historical Development Auerbergs. In: Schoene / Starcke / Stein 1992, pp. 19–35, here p. 32.
16. ↑ Schoene / Starck / Stein 1992, p. 41 ff.
17. ↑ Ruthild Stein: Historical Development Auerbergs. In: Schoene / Starcke / Stein 1992, pp. 19–35, here p. 33 f., Sketch of the development plan ibid. P. 33.
18. ↑ Christian Wolf: Concepts for the design of the “Auerberger Mitte” (status: 2008) on the official website of the city of Bonn (accessed on May 18, 2011) .
19. ↑ Sources for the population for 1902: Ruthild Stein: Historischeentwicklung Auerbergs. In: Schoene / Starcke / Stein 1992, pp. 19–35, here p. 30; for 1939–1988: Grünkorn 1989, p. 9 .; for 1993–2010: Official population statistics of the city of Bonn ( Memento of the original from August 15, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (there under "Statistical Districts" # 134 Auerberg). 
20. ^ Official website of the Redemptorist Monastery in Bonn (accessed on May 18, 2011) .
21. ^ Official website of the Collegium Josephinum Bonn (accessed on May 18, 2011) .
22. ↑ Official website of the Katholische Hauptschule St. Hedwig ( Memento of the original from January 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed on May 18, 2011)  
23. ↑ Official website of the Bernhardschule Bonn (accessed on May 18, 2011)
24. ↑ Grünkorn 1989, p. 39.
25. ↑ Annotated pictures from the monastery church on the official website of the Redemptorist monastery in Bonn (accessed on May 18, 2011) .
26. ↑ The mill stump in the north of Bonn  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed May 18, 2011) ; Further illustration from Ruthild Stein: Historical development of Auerberg. In: Schoene / Starcke / Stein 1992, pp. 19–35, here p. 20  
27. ^ History of the house "Am Müllestumpe" (accessed on May 18, 2011)

Web links

Commons : Auerberg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Christian Wolf: Concepts for the design of the "Auerberger Mitte" (status: 2008) on the official website of the city of Bonn (accessed on May 18, 2011)
• www.bonn-auerberg.de official website of the Auerberg local committee (accessed on October 25, 2019)