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{{Short description|US Air Force base}}
{{For|the civil use of this facility and airport information|Oscoda-Wurtsmith Airport}}
{{For|the civil use of this facility and airport information|Oscoda-Wurtsmith Airport}}
{{more citations needed|date=September 2017}}
{{more citations needed|date=September 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}
{{Infobox military structure
{{Infobox military installation
|name = Wurtsmith Air Force Base
|name = Wurtsmith Air Force Base
|ensign=Shield Strategic Air Command.png
|ensign=Shield Strategic Air Command.png
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}}
}}
[[File:Oscoda AAF MI 1943.jpg|thumb|Oscoda Army Airfield, 1943]]
[[File:Oscoda AAF MI 1943.jpg|thumb|Oscoda Army Airfield, 1943]]
'''Wurtsmith Air Force Base''' is a decommissioned [[United States Air Force]] base in [[Iosco County, Michigan]]. It operated from 1923 until decommissioned in 1993.
'''Wurtsmith Air Force Base''' is a decommissioned [[United States Air Force]] base in [[Iosco County, Michigan]]. Near [[Lake Huron]], it operated for seventy years, from 1923 until decommissioned in 1993. On January 18, 1994, Wurtsmith was listed as a [[Superfund]] site, due to extensive groundwater contamination with heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, [[volatile organic compounds]], including [[trichloroethylene]], 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and [[vinyl chloride]]. In 2010, [[Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances]] contamination was discovered, and as of 2022 remediation is still ongoing.

During the [[Cold War]], Wurtsmith was one of three [[Strategic Air Command]] (SAC) bases in [[Michigan]] with the [[Boeing B-52 Stratofortress|B-52]] [[bomber]], the others ([[Kincheloe Air Force Base|Kincheloe AFB]] and [[K. I. Sawyer Air Force Base|Sawyer AFB]]) were in the [[Upper Peninsula of Michigan|Upper Peninsula]]. The base was named in honor of Major General [[Paul Wurtsmith]], commander of SAC's Eighth Air Force, who was killed when his [[B-25 Mitchell]] bomber crashed on Cold Mountain near Asheville, North Carolina, on September 13, 1946.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wafb.net/Main-Gate/Base-Dedication|title=Dedication Program of Wurtsmith Air Force Base, July 4th, 1953|website=wafb.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wafb.net/Main-Gate/Maj-Gen-Wurtsmith-Bio|title=Major General Paul B. Wurtsmith 1906 - 1946|website=wafb.net}}</ref>

In 2022, Granot Loma was being touted as a potential [[space port]] in the Upper Peninsula,<ref name="Rompf">{{cite magazine |title=U.S. Journal: The Plan to Make Michigan the Next Space State: Residents are up in arms about a proposed spaceport project, the first of its kind in the Midwest, which would involve launching rockets near the shoreline of Lake Superior. |first1=David |last1=Rompf |date=April 24, 2022 |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/us-journal/the-plan-to-make-michigan-the-next-space-state?hasha=d0ee1fcddbdf7750252a8473670e779e&hashb=cfc06b6f146d991f7696c14087bb6428120d9eac&hashc=66c296a20096c09de04e7774366ee4638b351e74d98b3102abf1247e16b29fe1}}</ref> in tandem with Wurtsmith.<ref name="Rompf"/>


==Previous names==
==Previous names==
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* [[Continental Air Forces]], 16 April 1945
* [[Continental Air Forces]], 16 April 1945
: Re-designated [[Strategic Air Command]], 21 March 1946
: Re-designated [[Strategic Air Command]], 21 March 1946
* [[Continental Air Command]],1 Jan 1949
* [[Continental Air Command]],1 January 1949
* [[Air Defense Command]], 1 January 1951
* [[Air Defense Command]], 1 January 1951
* [[Strategic Air Command]], 1 April 1960
* [[Strategic Air Command]], 1 April 1960
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* 134th AAF Base Unit, 14 April 1944 – 12 April 1945
* 134th AAF Base Unit, 14 April 1944 – 12 April 1945
* 4301st Base Services Squadron, 1 August 1948
* 4301st Base Services Squadron, 1 August 1948
: Re-designated: 2476th Base Service Squadron, 1 January 1949
: Re-designated 2476th Base Service Squadron, 1 January 1949
: Re-designated: 4655th Base Service Squadron, 1 December 1950
: Re-designated 4655th Base Service Squadron, 1 December 1950
* [[332d Fighter Group]], 2 April 1943 – 9 July 1943
* [[332d Fighter Group]], 2 April 1943 – 9 July 1943
* [[100th Fighter Squadron]], 29 October 1943 – 8 November 1943
* [[100th Fighter Squadron]], 29 October 1943 – 8 November 1943
* [[301st Fighter Squadron]], 21 May 1943 – 10 July 1943
* [[301st Fighter Squadron]], 21 May 1943 – 10 July 1943
* [[302d Fighter Squadron]], 19 November 1943 – December 1943
* [[302nd Fighter Squadron (United States)|302d Fighter Squadron]], 19 November 1943 – December 1943
* [[403d Fighter Squadron]], May 1943 – 15 December 1943
* [[403d Fighter Squadron]], May 1943 – 15 December 1943
* [[754th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron]], 27 November 1950 – 20 July 1951
* [[754th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron]], 27 November 1950 – 20 July 1951
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: Re-designated [[527th Air Defense Group]], 16 February 1953 – 15 October 1955
: Re-designated [[527th Air Defense Group]], 16 February 1953 – 15 October 1955


* 75th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, 1 October 1968 - 30 November 1969
* [[75th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron]], 1 October 1968 - 30 November 1969

*[[445th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron]], 15 August 1955 – 30 September 1968
*[[445th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron]], 15 August 1955 – 30 September 1968
*[[31st Fighter-Interceptor Squadron]], 8 June 1956 – 20 August 1957
*[[31st Fighter-Interceptor Squadron]], 8 June 1956 – 20 August 1957
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*[[920th Air Refueling Squadron]], 15 July 1960 – 15 June 1993
*[[920th Air Refueling Squadron]], 15 July 1960 – 15 June 1993
*[[379th Bombardment Wing]], 9 January 1961 – 30 June 1993
*[[379th Bombardment Wing]], 9 January 1961 – 30 June 1993
*[[94th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron]], 1 December 1969 - 30June 1971
*[[94th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron]], 1 December 1969 - 30 June 1971

==Environmental contamination==
On January 18, 1994 Wurtsmith was listed as a [[Superfund]] due to extensive groundwater contamination with heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, [[volatile organic compounds]], including [[trichloroethylene]], 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and [[vinyl chloride]].

In March 2010 the [[Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy]] (EGLE) became aware of [[Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances]] concentrations in groundwater, when EGLE staff sampled at a former fire training area on the base. Air Force completed the PFAS Preliminary Assessment, Site Inspection, and planned the Remedial Investigation under the [[Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act]]. Air Force performed three removal actions and planned two interim [[remedial action]]s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.michigan.gov/pfasresponse/0,9038,7-365-86511_82704_83952---,00.html|title=PFAS Response - Former Wurtsmith Air Force Base, Iosco County|website=www.michigan.gov}}</ref> On November 1, 2017, more than twenty-two years after being listed as a superfundsite Wurtsmith held its first Restoration Advisory Board meeting.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Air Force Civil Engineer Center Office of Public Affairs |date=October 20, 2017 |title=Wurtsmith RAB to hold first official meeting Nov. 1 |url=https://www.afcec.af.mil/Portals/17/documents/BRAC/Wurtsmith/171019WurtsmithRABmeeting.pdf |access-date=2022-08-05 |website=www.afcec.af.mil}}</ref>

During the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], Wurtsmith [[Restoration Advisory Board]] (RAB) meetings became virtual events, yet in August 2021 RAB members said that progress was made on the WAFB cleanup, and that the relationship between the Air Force and the community has improved.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Haglund |first=Jenny |date=2021-08-17 |title=Most RAB meeting attendees pleased with progress at Wurtsmith |language=en |work=Oscoda Press (MI) |url=https://www.iosconews.com/oscoda_press/news/article_3d934a84-ff6e-11eb-afb0-17864c129daa.html |access-date=2022-08-05}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==

{{Portal|World War II}}
* [[Michigan World War II Army Airfields]]
* [[Michigan World War II Army Airfields]]
* [[Central Air Defense Force]] (Air Defense Command)
* [[Central Air Defense Force]] (Air Defense Command)
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==References==
==References==
{{Air Force Historical Research Agency}}
{{Air Force Historical Research Agency}}
{{Reflist}}
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* Maurer, Maurer. ''Air Force Combat Units of World War II''. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1961 (republished 1983, Office of Air Force History, {{ISBN|0-912799-02-1}}).
* Maurer, Maurer. ''Air Force Combat Units of World War II''. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1961 (republished 1983, Office of Air Force History, {{ISBN|0-912799-02-1}}).
* Ravenstein, Charles A. ''Air Force Combat Wings Lineage and Honors Histories 1947–1977''. [[Maxwell Air Force Base]], [[Alabama]]: Office of Air Force History 1984. {{ISBN|0-912799-12-9}}.
* Ravenstein, Charles A. ''Air Force Combat Wings Lineage and Honors Histories 1947–1977''. [[Maxwell Air Force Base]], [[Alabama]]: Office of Air Force History 1984. {{ISBN|0-912799-12-9}}.
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==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Wurtsmith Air Force Base}}
{{Commons category|Wurtsmith Air Force Base}}
*[https://cumulis.epa.gov/supercpad/CurSites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0503675&msspp=med Wurtsmith Air Force Base, Superfund Site], EPA.gov
*[http://www.afrpa.hq.af.mil/library/BRAC/rightframe.htm/ Air Force BRAC Recommendations]
*[http://www.afrpa.hq.af.mil/library/BRAC/rightframe.htm/ Air Force BRAC Recommendations]
*[http://www.airnav.com/airport/KOSC Oscoda-Wurtsmith Airport]
*[http://www.airnav.com/airport/KOSC Oscoda-Wurtsmith Airport]
*[http://www.michigan.org/medc/services/sitedevelopment/renzone/ Renaissance Zones]
*[http://www.michigan.org/medc/services/sitedevelopment/renzone/ Renaissance Zones]
*[http://www.oscairport.com/about.php Oscoda-Wurtsmith Airport airport information]
*[http://www.oscairport.com/about.php Oscoda-Wurtsmith Airport airport information]
*[http://www.wafb.net/ Wurtsmith Air Force Base Historical Website]
*[http://www.wurtsmithairmuseum.org/ Wurtsmith Air Museum]
*[http://www.wurtsmithairmuseum.org/ Wurtsmith Air Museum]


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{{USAAF 1st Air Force World War II}}
{{USAAF 1st Air Force World War II}}
{{MIMilitary}}
{{MIMilitary}}
{{Tuskegee Airmen}}
{{Authority control}}

{{coord|44.4525|-83.380278|type:airport_region:US-MI|display=title}}


[[Category:Installations of the United States Air Force in Michigan]]
[[Category:Installations of the United States Air Force in Michigan]]
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[[Category:Buildings and structures in Iosco County, Michigan]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Iosco County, Michigan]]
[[Category:Military installations closed in 1993]]
[[Category:Military installations closed in 1993]]
[[Category:Strategic Air Command military installations]]
[[Category:Installations of Strategic Air Command]]
[[Category:Military Superfund sites]]
[[Category:Military Superfund sites]]
[[Category:Superfund sites in Michigan]]
[[Category:Superfund sites in Michigan]]

Latest revision as of 09:14, 11 February 2024

For the civil use of this facility and airport information, see Oscoda-Wurtsmith Airport.

Wurtsmith Air Force Base
Part of Air/Aersopace Defense Command (ADC)
and Strategic Air Command (SAC)
Oscoda Township, Iosco County, Michigan
2006 USGS Airphoto. Note the christmas tree alert staging area at top center.
Wurtsmith Air Force Base is located in Michigan
Wurtsmith Air Force Base
Wurtsmith Air Force Base
Location of Wurtsmith Air Force Base
Coordinates44°27′09″N 083°22′49″W / 44.45250°N 83.38028°W / 44.45250; -83.38028
TypeAir Force Base
Site information
Controlled byUnited States Air Force
Site history
Built1923
In use1923–1993
Garrison information
Garrison379th Bombardment Wing
Oscoda Army Airfield, 1943

Wurtsmith Air Force Base is a decommissioned United States Air Force base in Iosco County, Michigan. Near Lake Huron, it operated for seventy years, from 1923 until decommissioned in 1993. On January 18, 1994, Wurtsmith was listed as a Superfund site, due to extensive groundwater contamination with heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, including trichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and vinyl chloride. In 2010, Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances contamination was discovered, and as of 2022 remediation is still ongoing.

During the Cold War, Wurtsmith was one of three Strategic Air Command (SAC) bases in Michigan with the B-52 bomber, the others (Kincheloe AFB and Sawyer AFB) were in the Upper Peninsula. The base was named in honor of Major General Paul Wurtsmith, commander of SAC's Eighth Air Force, who was killed when his B-25 Mitchell bomber crashed on Cold Mountain near Asheville, North Carolina, on September 13, 1946.[1][2]

In 2022, Granot Loma was being touted as a potential space port in the Upper Peninsula,[3] in tandem with Wurtsmith.[3]

Previous names[edit]

  • Camp Skeel, November 1931
  • Oscoda Army Air Field, August 1942
  • Oscoda Air Force Base, 24 June 1948
  • Wurtsmith Air Force Base, 15 February 1953 – 30 June 1993

Major commands to which assigned[edit]

Re-designated Strategic Air Command, 21 March 1946

Major units assigned[edit]

  • First Pursuit Group, 15 October 1927
  • 100th Base HQ and Air Base Squadron, 31 October 1942
  • 524th Base HQ and Air Base Squadron, 21 June 1943
  • 134th AAF Base Unit, 14 April 1944 – 12 April 1945
  • 4301st Base Services Squadron, 1 August 1948
Re-designated 2476th Base Service Squadron, 1 January 1949
Re-designated 4655th Base Service Squadron, 1 December 1950
Re-designated 527th Air Defense Group, 16 February 1953 – 15 October 1955

Environmental contamination[edit]

On January 18, 1994 Wurtsmith was listed as a Superfund due to extensive groundwater contamination with heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, including trichloroethylene, 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and vinyl chloride.

In March 2010 the Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy (EGLE) became aware of Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances concentrations in groundwater, when EGLE staff sampled at a former fire training area on the base. Air Force completed the PFAS Preliminary Assessment, Site Inspection, and planned the Remedial Investigation under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act. Air Force performed three removal actions and planned two interim remedial actions.[4] On November 1, 2017, more than twenty-two years after being listed as a superfundsite Wurtsmith held its first Restoration Advisory Board meeting.[5]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Wurtsmith Restoration Advisory Board (RAB) meetings became virtual events, yet in August 2021 RAB members said that progress was made on the WAFB cleanup, and that the relationship between the Air Force and the community has improved.[6]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

  1. ^ "Dedication Program of Wurtsmith Air Force Base, July 4th, 1953". wafb.net.
  2. ^ "Major General Paul B. Wurtsmith 1906 - 1946". wafb.net.
  3. ^ a b Rompf, David (24 April 2022). "U.S. Journal: The Plan to Make Michigan the Next Space State: Residents are up in arms about a proposed spaceport project, the first of its kind in the Midwest, which would involve launching rockets near the shoreline of Lake Superior". The New Yorker.
  4. ^ "PFAS Response - Former Wurtsmith Air Force Base, Iosco County". www.michigan.gov.
  5. ^ Air Force Civil Engineer Center Office of Public Affairs (20 October 2017). "Wurtsmith RAB to hold first official meeting Nov. 1" (PDF). www.afcec.af.mil. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
  6. ^ Haglund, Jenny (17 August 2021). "Most RAB meeting attendees pleased with progress at Wurtsmith". Oscoda Press (MI). Retrieved 5 August 2022.

Further reading[edit]

  • Maurer, Maurer. Air Force Combat Units of World War II. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office 1961 (republished 1983, Office of Air Force History, ISBN 0-912799-02-1).
  • Ravenstein, Charles A. Air Force Combat Wings Lineage and Honors Histories 1947–1977. Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama: Office of Air Force History 1984. ISBN 0-912799-12-9.
  • Mueller, Robert (1989). Volume 1: Active Air Force Bases Within the United States of America on 17 September 1982. USAF Reference Series, Office of Air Force History, United States Air Force, Washington, D.C. ISBN 0-912799-53-6, ISBN 0-16-002261-4
  • USAF Aerospace Defense Command publication, The Interceptor, January 1979 (Volume 21, Number 1).

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wurtsmith Air Force Base.

44°27′09″N 83°22′49″W / 44.4525°N 83.380278°W / 44.4525; -83.380278

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