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A convention center (American English; or conference centre in British English)^[1] is a large building that is designed to hold a convention, where individuals and groups gather to promote and share common interests. Convention centers typically offer sufficient floor area to accommodate several thousand attendees. Very large venues, suitable for major trade shows, are sometimes known as exhibition halls. Convention centers typically have at least one auditorium and may also contain concert halls, lecture halls, meeting rooms, and conference rooms. Some large resort area hotels include a convention center.

In Francophone countries, the term is palais des congrès (such as the Palais des Congrès de Paris) or centre des congrès (such as the Centre des congrès de Quebec).^[2]

Types[edit]

A southern entrance of the Helsinki Fair Centre in Pasila, Helsinki, Finland

Meeting facilities with lodging: hotels that include their own convention space in addition to accommodation and other related facilities, known as convention hotels.
Meeting facilities without lodging: are convention centers that do not include accommodation; usually located adjacent to or near a hotel(s).^[3]
Other: any convention and meeting facilities designed to hold large numbers of people. Can exist alone (e.g., stadiums, arenas, parks, etc.) or within other structures (e.g., university lecture halls, museums, theaters). Usually do not include accommodation.^[4]

History[edit]

The original convention centers or halls were in castles and palaces. Originally a hall in a castle would be designed to allow a large group of lords, knights and government officials to attend important meetings with the king. A more ancient tradition would have the king or lord decide disputes among his people. These administrative actions would be done in the great hall and would exhibit the wisdom of the king as judge to the general populace.

One of the most famous convention center debacles happened in France on June 20, 1789. King Louis XVI locked a group known as the Third Estate out of the meeting hall in Versailles. This led to the revolutionary group holding their meeting in an indoor tennis court. This was the first modern democratic conference center and lead to the Tennis Court Oath^[5] and the French Revolution.

Some historic centers[edit]

19th-century exhibition halls[edit]

1850 Bingley Hall (destroyed by fire in 1984), Birmingham, England^[6]
1851 The Crystal Palace (destroyed by fire in 1936), London, England
1855 Palais de l'Industrie (dismantled in 1897), Paris, France
1873 Alexandra Palace, London, England^[7]
1876 Memorial Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
1878 Exhibition Place, Toronto
1878 La Rural, Buenos Aires, Argentina^[8]
1878 Music Hall, Cincinnati, Ohio
1879 Garden Palace (destroyed by fire in 1882), Sydney, Australia
1880 Royal Exhibition Building, Melbourne, Australia
1898 Aberdeen Pavilion, Ottawa, Ontario
1898–1903 Beurs van Berlage, Amsterdam, Netherlands

20th-century exhibition halls[edit]

1900 Grand Palais, Paris, France
1909 Festhalle, Frankfurt, Germany
1955 McCormick Place, Chicago, Illinois
1958 Centre of New Industries and Technologies, Paris, France
1959 Las Vegas Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada
1974 Kenyatta International Convention Centre, Nairobi, Kenya
1975 Helsinki Fair Centre, Helsinki, Finland
1976 Georgia World Congress Center, Atlanta, Georgia
1979 Internationales Congress Centrum, Berlin, Germany
1981 Moscone Center, San Francisco, California
1983 Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre, Hong Kong, China
1985 Tampere Fair Centre, Tampere, Finland^[9]
1988 Washington State Convention Center, Seattle, Washington
1989 Taipei International Convention Center, Taipei, Taiwan
1990 Colorado Convention Center, Denver, Colorado
1993 Pennsylvania Convention Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
1995 Suntec Singapore Convention and Exhibition Centre, Singapore
1997 Tokyo International Forum, Tokyo, Japan

21st-century exhibition halls[edit]

2001 Bethlehem Convention Palace, Bethlehem
2003 Walter E. Washington Convention Center, Washington, D.C.
2008 BT Convention Centre, Liverpool, England
2008 Raleigh Convention Center, Raleigh, North Carolina
2012 Convention Center Poet Ronaldo Cunha Lima, João Pessoa, Brazil
2014 Kaohsiung Exhibition Center, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
2017 AU Convention Center, Visakhapatnam, India
2021 Rudraksha Convention Center, Varanasi, India

Image gallery[edit]

Pragati Maidan International Exhibition-cum-Convention Centre(IECC) in New Delhi, India
Exhibition Hall of the Makaryev Fair
Kongresshalle Berlin – House of the Cultures of the World
Metro Toronto Convention Centre
Siglo XXI Convention Centre in Mérida, Mexico
McCormick Place in Chicago, the largest Convention center in North America
The back entrance of the PBH convention center in Zuidlaren, Netherlands
The entrance to the Pirkkahalli sports arena at the Tampere Exhibition and Sports Centre in Tampere, Finland
Jerusalem International Convention Center
View of the west portion of the San Diego Convention Center from West Harbor Drive. The San Diego Convention Center is one of the largest in North America and is home to Comic-Con International
Pittsburgh's David L. Lawrence Convention Center, the first LEED-certified convention center in North America
Corferias Exposition Center in Bogotá, Colombia
Oregon Convention Center in Portland, Oregon
Beurs van Berlage convention center Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Arusha International Conference Centre Arusha, Tanzania
Birchwood Conference Centre, Johannesburg
Riocentro convention center in Rio de Janeiro, the largest in Latin America, and also a 2016 Olympic venue
Convention Center Poet Ronaldo Cunha Lima in João Pessoa
The Terminal Auditorium, an early 20th century convention center in Toledo, Ohio
Congress center (Palais des Congrès) in Liège, Belgium

References[edit]

^ "English definition of "convention centre"". Cambridge Dictionaries Online. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
^ "Accueil". Centre des congrès de Québec (in French). 28 February 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
^ Wood, Roy C.; Brotherton, Bob (2008). The SAGE Handbook of Hospitality Management. London: SAGE Publications Ltd. pp. 413–414. ISBN 978-1-4129-0025-6.
^ Convention Industry Council (February 2011). The Economic Significance of Meeting to the U.S. Economy (Report). PwC.
^ "Tennis Court Oath | Summary & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2020-10-15.
^ "The History of Conference Centers". Lane End Conference Center. 26 January 2015. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
^ "Alexandra Palace, Muswell Hill and Wood Green, North London". The Victorian Web. Archived from the original on 23 July 2008. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
^ "La Rural | Predio Ferial de Buenos Aires - Centro de Exposiciones, Congresos, Convenciones y Eventos". www.larural.com.ar (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2015-07-27. Retrieved 2016-11-10.
^ The story of Tampere Trade Fairs

External links[edit]

Historic Conference Centres of Europe

[1] "English definition of "convention centre"". Cambridge Dictionaries Online. Retrieved 13 March 2015.

[2] "Accueil". Centre des congrès de Québec (in French). 28 February 2024. Retrieved 18 April 2024.

[3] Wood, Roy C.; Brotherton, Bob (2008). The SAGE Handbook of Hospitality Management. London: SAGE Publications Ltd. pp. 413–414. ISBN 978-1-4129-0025-6.

[4] Convention Industry Council (February 2011). The Economic Significance of Meeting to the U.S. Economy (Report). PwC.

[5] "Tennis Court Oath | Summary & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2020-10-15.

[6] "The History of Conference Centers". Lane End Conference Center. 26 January 2015. Retrieved 13 March 2015.

[7] "Alexandra Palace, Muswell Hill and Wood Green, North London". The Victorian Web. Archived from the original on 23 July 2008. Retrieved 13 March 2015.

[8] "La Rural | Predio Ferial de Buenos Aires - Centro de Exposiciones, Congresos, Convenciones y Eventos". www.larural.com.ar (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2015-07-27. Retrieved 2016-11-10.

[9] The story of Tampere Trade Fairs

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{short description|Building designed to hold a convention}}
+{{Short description|Building designed to hold a convention}}
 {{See also|List of convention and exhibition centers}}
-{{redirect|Conference center|the building owned by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|Conference Center (LDS Church)}}
+{{Redirect|Conference center|the building owned by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|Conference Center (LDS Church)}}
 {{Other uses|Convention Center station (disambiguation){{!}}Convention Center station}}
-{{refimprove|date=March 2015}}
+{{more citations needed|date=March 2015}}
 {{Use American English|date=September 2020}}
 [[File:Hannover Messegelände.jpg|thumb|The [[Hanover Fairground]] in Hanover, Germany]]
-A '''convention center''' ([[American and British English spelling differences|American English]]; or '''conference centre''' in [[English in the Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth English]])<ref>{{cite web | url=http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/convention-centre?q=convention+center | title=English definition of "convention centre" | publisher=Cambridge Dictionaries Online | accessdate=13 March 2015}}</ref> is a large building that is designed to hold a [[Convention (meeting)|convention]], where individuals and groups gather to promote and share common interests. Convention centers typically offer sufficient floor area to accommodate several thousand attendees. Very large venues, suitable for major [[trade show]]s, are sometimes known as '''exhibition halls'''. Convention centers typically have at least one [[auditorium]] and may also contain [[concert hall]]s, [[lecture hall]]s, [[meeting room]]s, and [[conference room]]s. Some large [[resort area]] [[hotel]]s include a convention center.
+A '''convention center''' ([[American and British English spelling differences|American English]]; or '''conference centre''' in [[British English]])<ref>{{cite web | url=http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/convention-centre?q=convention+center | title=English definition of "convention centre" | publisher=Cambridge Dictionaries Online | access-date=13 March 2015}}</ref> is a large building that is designed to hold a [[Convention (meeting)|convention]], where individuals and groups gather to promote and share common interests. Convention centers typically offer sufficient floor area to accommodate several thousand attendees. Very large venues, suitable for major [[trade show]]s, are sometimes known as '''exhibition halls'''. Convention centers typically have at least one [[auditorium]] and may also contain [[concert hall]]s, [[lecture hall]]s, [[meeting room]]s, and [[conference room]]s. Some large [[resort area]] [[hotel]]s include a convention center.
+In [[Francophone]] countries, the term is '''palais des congrès''' (such as the [[Palais des Congrès de Paris]]) or '''centre des congrès''' (such as the Centre des congrès de Quebec).<ref>{{cite web | title=Accueil | website=Centre des congrès de Québec | date=28 February 2024 | url=https://www.convention.qc.ca/ | language=fr | access-date=18 April 2024}}</ref>
 ==Types==
+[[File:20190506-messukeskus-messuaukio.jpg|thumb|A southern entrance of the [[Helsinki Fair Centre]] in [[Pasila]], [[Helsinki]], [[Finland]]]]
 * Meeting facilities with lodging: hotels that include their own convention space in addition to accommodation and other related facilities, known as convention hotels.
-* Meeting facilities without lodging: are convention centers that do not include accommodation; usually located adjacent to or near a hotel(s).<ref>{{Cite book |title= The SAGE Handbook of Hospitality Management |last1= Wood|first1= Roy C.|last2= Brotherton |first2= Bob |year= 2008|publisher= SAGE Publications Ltd|location=London |isbn= 978-1-4129-0025-6 |pages= 413-414}}</ref>
+* Meeting facilities without lodging: are convention centers that do not include accommodation; usually located adjacent to or near a hotel(s).<ref>{{Cite book |title= The SAGE Handbook of Hospitality Management |last1= Wood|first1= Roy C.|last2= Brotherton |first2= Bob |year= 2008|publisher= SAGE Publications Ltd|location=London |isbn= 978-1-4129-0025-6 |pages= 413–414}}</ref>
-* Other: any convention and meeting facilities designed to hold large numbers of people. Can exist alone (e.g., stadiums, arenas, parks, etc.) or within other structures (e.g., university lecture halls, museums, theaters). Usually do not include accommodation.<ref>{{cite report |author= [[Convention Industry Council]] |date= February 2011|title= The Economic Significance of Meeting to the U.S. Economy |publisher= [[PricewaterhouseCoopers|PwC]] }}</ref>
+* Other: any convention and meeting facilities designed to hold large numbers of people. Can exist alone (e.g., stadiums, arenas, parks, etc.) or within other structures (e.g., university lecture halls, museums, theaters). Usually do not include accommodation.<ref>{{cite report |author= Convention Industry Council |author-link= Convention Industry Council |date= February 2011|title= The Economic Significance of Meeting to the U.S. Economy |publisher= [[PricewaterhouseCoopers|PwC]] }}</ref>
 == History ==
-The original convention centers or halls were in [[Castle|castles]] and [[Palace|palaces]]. Originally a hall in a castle would be designed to allow a large group of lords, [[Knight|knights]] and government officials to attend important meetings with the king. A more ancient tradition would have the king or lord decide disputes among his people. These administrative actions would be done in the [[great hall]] and would exhibit the wisdom of the king as judge to the general populace.
+The original convention centers or halls were in [[castle]]s and [[palace]]s. Originally a hall in a castle would be designed to allow a large group of lords, [[knight]]s and government officials to attend important meetings with the king. A more ancient tradition would have the king or lord decide disputes among his people. These administrative actions would be done in the [[great hall]] and would exhibit the wisdom of the king as judge to the general populace.
-One of the most famous convention center debacles happened in France on June 20, 1789. [[Louis XVI|King Louis XVI]] locked a group known as the [[Convention center|Third Estate]] out of the meeting hall in Versailles. This lead to the revolutionary group holding their meeting in an indoor tennis court. This was the first modern democratic conference center and lead to the [[Tennis Court Oath]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tennis Court Oath {{!}} Summary & Facts|url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Tennis-Court-Oath|access-date=2020-10-15|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref> and the [[French Revolution]].
+One of the most famous convention center debacles happened in France on June 20, 1789. [[Louis XVI|King Louis XVI]] locked a group known as the Third Estate out of the meeting hall in Versailles. This led to the revolutionary group holding their meeting in an indoor tennis court. This was the first modern democratic conference center and lead to the [[Tennis Court Oath]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tennis Court Oath {{!}} Summary & Facts|url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Tennis-Court-Oath|access-date=2020-10-15|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref> and the [[French Revolution]].
 ==Some historic centers==
@@ Line 26: / Line 29: @@
 {{See also|Victorian architecture}}
-* 1850 [[Bingley Hall]] (destroyed by fire in 1984), [[Birmingham]], [[England]]<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.lane-end-conferences.co.uk/The_History_of_Conference_Centres.html | title=The History of Conference Centers | publisher=Lane End Conference Center | date=26 January 2015 | accessdate=13 March 2015}}</ref>
+* 1850 [[Bingley Hall]] (destroyed by fire in 1984), [[Birmingham]], England<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.lane-end-conferences.co.uk/The_History_of_Conference_Centres.html | title=The History of Conference Centers | publisher=Lane End Conference Center | date=26 January 2015 | access-date=13 March 2015}}</ref>
 * 1851 [[The Crystal Palace]] (destroyed by fire in 1936), [[London]], England
-* 1855 [[Palais de l'Industrie]] (dismantled in 1897), [[Paris]], [[France]]
+* 1855 [[Palais de l'Industrie]] (dismantled in 1897), [[Paris]], France
-* 1873 [[Alexandra Palace]], London, England<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.victorianweb.org/art/architecture/johnson/2b.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723234956/http://www.victorianweb.org/art/architecture/johnson/2b.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 July 2008 |title=Alexandra Palace, Muswell Hill and Wood Green, North London |publisher=The Victorian Web |accessdate=13 March 2015 }}</ref>
+* 1873 [[Alexandra Palace]], London, England<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.victorianweb.org/art/architecture/johnson/2b.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723234956/http://www.victorianweb.org/art/architecture/johnson/2b.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 July 2008 |title=Alexandra Palace, Muswell Hill and Wood Green, North London |publisher=The Victorian Web |access-date=13 March 2015 }}</ref>
-* 1876 [[Memorial Hall (Philadelphia)|Memorial Hall]], [[Philadelphia]], Pennsylvania, [[United States]]
+* 1876 [[Memorial Hall (Philadelphia)|Memorial Hall]], [[Philadelphia]], Pennsylvania
-* 1878 [[Exhibition Place]], [[Toronto]], [[Canada]]
+* 1878 [[Exhibition Place]], Toronto
-* 1878 [[La Rural]], Buenos Aires, Argentina<ref>{{Cite web|title=La Rural {{!}} Predio Ferial de Buenos Aires - Centro de Exposiciones, Congresos, Convenciones y Eventos|url=http://www.larural.com.ar/historia|url-status=dead|archive-url=http://archive.today/2015.07.27-214641/http://www.larural.com.ar/historia|archive-date=July 27, 2015|access-date=2016-11-10|website=www.larural.com.ar|language=es}}</ref>
+* 1878 [[La Rural]], Buenos Aires, Argentina<ref>{{Cite web|title=La Rural {{!}} Predio Ferial de Buenos Aires - Centro de Exposiciones, Congresos, Convenciones y Eventos|url=http://www.larural.com.ar/historia|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20150727214641/http://www.larural.com.ar/historia|archive-date=2015-07-27|access-date=2016-11-10|website=www.larural.com.ar|language=es}}</ref>
-*1878 [[Cincinnati Music Hall|Music Hall]], Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
+*1878 [[Cincinnati Music Hall|Music Hall]], Cincinnati, Ohio
-* 1879 [[Garden Palace]] (destroyed by fire in 1882), [[Sydney]], [[Australia]]
+* 1879 [[Garden Palace]] (destroyed by fire in 1882), [[Sydney]], Australia
 * 1880 [[Royal Exhibition Building]], [[Melbourne]], Australia
-* 1898 [[Aberdeen Pavilion]], [[Ottawa]], Canada
+* 1898 [[Aberdeen Pavilion]], [[Ottawa]], Ontario
 * 1898–1903 [[Beurs van Berlage]], [[Amsterdam]], Netherlands
@@ Line 42: / Line 45: @@
 * 1900 [[Grand Palais]], Paris, France
 * 1909 [[Festhalle Frankfurt|Festhalle]], Frankfurt, Germany
-* 1955 [[McCormick Place]], Chicago, Illinois, USA
+* 1955 [[McCormick Place]], Chicago, Illinois
 * 1958 [[Centre of New Industries and Technologies]], Paris, France
-* 1959 [[Las Vegas Convention Center]], Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
+* 1959 [[Las Vegas Convention Center]], Las Vegas, Nevada
 * 1974 [[Kenyatta International Convention Centre]], Nairobi, Kenya
+* 1975 [[Helsinki Fair Centre]], Helsinki, Finland
-* 1976 [[Georgia World Congress Center]], Atlanta, Georgia, USA
+* 1976 [[Georgia World Congress Center]], Atlanta, Georgia
 * 1979 [[Internationales Congress Centrum]], Berlin, Germany
-* 1981 [[Moscone Center]], San Francisco, California, USA
+* 1981 [[Moscone Center]], San Francisco, California
 * 1983 [[Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre]], Hong Kong, China
+* 1985 [[Tampere Fair Centre]], Tampere, Finland<ref>[https://www.tampereenmessut.fi/en/info/the_story_of_tampere_trade_fairs/ The story of Tampere Trade Fairs]</ref>
-* 1988 [[Washington State Convention Center]], Seattle, Washington, USA
-* 1990 [[Colorado Convention Center]], Denver, Colorado, USA
+* 1988 [[Washington State Convention Center]], Seattle, Washington
-* 1993 [[Pennsylvania Convention Center]], Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
+* 1989 [[Taipei International Convention Center]], Taipei, Taiwan
+* 1990 [[Colorado Convention Center]], Denver, Colorado
+* 1993 [[Pennsylvania Convention Center]], Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
+* 1995 [[Suntec Singapore Convention and Exhibition Centre]], Singapore
 * 1997 [[Tokyo International Forum]], Tokyo, Japan
 ===21st-century exhibition halls===
 * 2001 [[Bethlehem Convention Palace]], Bethlehem
-* 2008 [[BT Convention Centre]], [[Liverpool]], UK
+* 2003 [[Walter E. Washington Convention Center]], [[Washington, D.C.]]
-* 2008 [[Raleigh Convention Center]], [[Raleigh]], North Carolina, USA
+* 2008 [[BT Convention Centre]], [[Liverpool]], England
+* 2008 [[Raleigh Convention Center]], [[Raleigh]], North Carolina
 * 2012 [[Centro de Convenções Poeta Ronaldo Cunha Lima|Convention Center Poet Ronaldo Cunha Lima]], [[João Pessoa, Paraíba|João Pessoa]], Brazil
+* 2014 [[Kaohsiung Exhibition Center]], [[Kaohsiung City]], Taiwan
 * 2017 [[AU Convention Center]], [[Visakhapatnam]], India
+* 2021 [[Rudraksha Convention Center]], [[Varanasi]], India
 == Image gallery ==
 <gallery>
+File:Bharat Mandapam Pragati Maidan.jpg|[[Pragati Maidan]] International Exhibition-cum-Convention Centre(IECC) in [[New Delhi]], [[India]]
 Image:Yarmarka.jpg|Exhibition Hall of the [[Makaryev Fair]]
 File:Berlin Kongresshalle „Schwangere Auster“.jpg|Kongresshalle Berlin – [[Haus der Kulturen der Welt|House of the Cultures of the World]]
-Image:PICCjf0135 14.JPG|The [[Philippine International Convention Center]]
 Image:Nm toronto metro toronto convention centre.jpg|[[Metro Toronto Convention Centre]]
 Image:Salon Chichen Itza in Siglo XXI Convention Centre, Mérida, Mexico.JPG|[[Siglo XXI Convention Centre]] in [[Mérida, Yucatán|Mérida]], [[Mexico]]
 Image:20070110 McCormick Place (2).JPG|[[McCormick Place]] in Chicago, the largest Convention center in North America
 Image:Prins Bernhard Hoeve - 2nd entrance.jpg|The back entrance of the [[Prins Bernhardhoeve|PBH]] convention center in [[Zuidlaren]], [[Netherlands]]
+Image:Pirkkahalli entrance.jpg|The entrance to the Pirkkahalli sports arena at the [[Tampere Exhibition and Sports Centre]] in [[Tampere]], [[Finland]]
 Image:Binyanei-HaUmah.JPG|[[International Convention Center (Jerusalem)|Jerusalem International Convention Center]]
 Image:Sandiegoconventioncenterfront.jpg|View of the west portion of the [[San Diego Convention Center]] from West Harbor Drive. The San Diego Convention Center is one of the largest in North America and is home to [[Comic-Con International]]
-Image:Pragati_Maidan,_Hall_6.JPG|Hall #6 in [[Pragati Maidan]], [[New Delhi]], [[India]]
 Image:David_L._Lawrence_Convention_Center,_Pittsburgh,_from_a_bridge_2006.jpg|[[Pittsburgh]]'s [[David L. Lawrence Convention Center]], the first [[Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design|LEED]]-certified convention center in North America
-Image:High view of corferias.jpg|[[Corferias]] Exposition Center in [[Bogota]], [[Colombia]]
+Image:High view of corferias.jpg|[[Corferias]] Exposition Center in [[Bogotá]], [[Colombia]]
 Image:Oregon_Convention_Center_Dusk_1_(edit).jpg|[[Oregon Convention Center]] in [[Portland, Oregon|Portland]], [[Oregon]]
 Image:Beurs_van_Berlage,_Amsterdam,_2012.jpg|[[Beurs van Berlage]] convention center [[Amsterdam]], the [[Netherlands]]
 Image:AICC Arusha.jpg|[[Arusha International Conference Centre]] [[Arusha]], [[Tanzania]]
 Image:Birchwood-hotel-and-conference-centre-exterior-590x390.jpg|Birchwood Conference Centre, Johannesburg
-Image:GL events Riocentro - aérea 2014.jpg|[[Riocentro]] convention center in [[Rio de Janeiro]], the largest in [[Latin America]], and also a [[Venues of the 2016 Summer Olympics and Paralympics|2016 Olympic venue]].
+Image:GL events Riocentro - aérea 2014.jpg|[[Riocentro]] convention center in [[Rio de Janeiro]], the largest in [[Latin America]], and also a [[Venues of the 2016 Summer Olympics and Paralympics|2016 Olympic venue]]
-Image:Pavilhao_de_congresso_e_convencoes,_centro_de_convenções_de_joao_pessoa.jpg|[[Centro de Convenções Poeta Ronaldo Cunha Lima|Convention Center Poet Ronaldo Cunha Lima]] in [[João Pessoa, Paraíba|João Pessoa]].
+Image:Pavilhao_de_congresso_e_convencoes,_centro_de_convenções_de_joao_pessoa.jpg|[[Centro de Convenções Poeta Ronaldo Cunha Lima|Convention Center Poet Ronaldo Cunha Lima]] in [[João Pessoa, Paraíba|João Pessoa]]
 File:Bramble's views Toledo, Ohio - diamond anniversary 1837-1912 - DPLA - a4b983d79cfcfaaf7368d108fe048f73 (page 19) (cropped).jpg|The Terminal Auditorium, an early 20th century convention center in [[Toledo, Ohio]]
+File:Liege_Palais_des_Congres_R01.jpg|Congress center (''Palais des Congrès'') in [[Liège (city)|Liège]], Belgium
 </gallery>
 ==See also==
+*[[Palais des Congrès (disambiguation)]]
 * [[Stadium]]
 * [[List of convention and exhibition centers]]
@@ Line 91: / Line 103: @@
 == References ==
-{{reflist}}
+{{Reflist}}
 == External links ==
@@ Line 98: / Line 110: @@
 {{tourism}}
+{{Authority control}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Convention Center}}
 [[Category:Convention centers| ]]
-[[th:หมวดหมู่:ศูนย์ประชุมและศูนย์แสดงสินค้า]]

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