Académie royale des Beaux-Arts de Bruxelles

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Seat of the academy on rue du Midi (1935) - Photo by Léon van Dievoet.

The Académie des Beaux-Arts de Bruxelles - École supérieure des Arts de la Ville de Bruxelles ( ARBA-ESA ) ( Dutch Koninklijke Academie voor Schone Kunsten van Brussel ), German Royal Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of Belgium , is the Belgian art college based in Brussels in the Kingdom of Belgium.

Its roots go back to the year 1711. At the end of the 19th century it became an important teaching facility and at the beginning of the 20th century it took part in the modern movement. The sculpture and architecture have always been internationally a high priority, whereas the painting not able so much to enforce.

history

After the rebuilding of the Great Square in Brussels, the city's magistrate provided a room in the town hall in 1711 to give a training place to the masters and apprentices of the guilds of painting, sculpture, weaving and other art fields. A school was founded on October 16 of the same year. The model was the Accademia delle Arti del Disegno in Florence . In 1752 they moved to the Herberge d'Goldene Leiter . After a long period of crises, this school was taken over in 1762 by Duke Karl Alexander von Lorraine . From then on, their management was in his hands. Above all, he promoted architecture. In 1768 the architecture class was founded by Barnabé Guimord , at the same time further funds were made available through sales and shares. A year later they returned to the town hall. After the French revolutionary troops conquered Brussels, the academy was closed in 1795.

Reinvigoration under François-Joseph Navez

Drawing of the facade of the former Boogaard monastery, designed in 1876 for the Académie royale des Beaux-Arts de Bruxelles in the Rue du Midi

In 1829 they moved to the Granvelle Palace . A year later, François-Joseph Navez became director. New life came into the Académie, and sculpture was strongly encouraged. He reorganized and expanded the school. As early as 1832, the basement of the left wing of the industrial palace was moved to. His plans were implemented between 1835 and 1836. In 1836 she was granted the privilege of bearing “royale” as part of her name. Panel painting was declared a further important department - based on the old Flemish painting of the first golden age of Dutch painting. However, there had been tensions at the academy for some time about the still propagated style of neoclassicism . In addition to painting and sculpture, architecture training remained an integral part. But it never achieved the rank of a trend-setting teaching and training center.

In 1876 the academy moved into its own school building on Rue du Midi . It is the building of the former Boogaard Monastery, which in the meantime served as an orphanage. The architect Pierre-Viktor Jamaer succeeded in combining the existing ensemble into a functioning whole in the limited space. The facade was redesigned according to the taste of the time of classicism. The building is still the seat of this academy today.

From January 5, 1889, women were also allowed to take part in an advanced class.

At the end of the 19th century, with the founding of today's LUCA Campus Sint-Lukas Brussel, strong competition arose . ARBA is now one of the 16 art training centers in the French Community of Belgium .

Under the director Charles van der Stappen , teaching at this university became even more prestigious. Also, literature and photography became part of the training offer.

At the turn of the century, Brussels and its training center emerged from the shadow of Paris in the European art scene. Since 1889, Brussels was the uncrowned capital of Art Nouveau, especially in architecture, which began its triumphant advance through Horta. And it succeeded in moving to another center of the avant-garde in panel painting - the Académie and its students influenced the development of Realism, Symbolism, Impressionism in its prime, Neo-Impressionism, Post-Impressionism and the new emerging Expressionism and modernity.

In 1912, Victor Horta made changes to the school. A system of studios ( Atelier ) as recommended by Paul Bonduelle and Lambot was created. In 1936 a royal commission finally made it possible to set up an independent department for architecture.

Realignment after 1945

In 1949 the rank of a small department for building planning and town planning ceased. The architecture study got the rank of a university education . In 1972 part of the artistic humanities was founded. It was not until 1977 that the discipline of architecture finally acquired its autonomy. In 1977 the Institute Supérieur d'Architecture Victor Horta, named after the Art Nouveau architect of the same name , was founded. In 1980, second degree higher education and new courses were introduced at the Academy of Fine Arts .

Today programs for training to the Bachelor of Art and Master of Arts with doctoral studies in the fields of design, art and media are offered. The academy became an ESA (Ecole Supérieure des Arts - Art College) with a higher education orientation. It is also part of The Royal Academies for Science and the Arts of Belgium (RASAB), which was founded in 2001. It is responsible for coordinating and promoting the activities of the affiliated members and associations both in Germany and abroad.

Directors and professors of the academy

Frankfurt am Main, Zeil, Grand Bazar department store, around 1910
Herman Richir: La partition, private collection.

Well-known graduates

Exhibitions

  • One Hundred Years of Belgian Art - 1860-1960 , Kunsthalle Bremen, January 10th - February 21st 1960.
  • Academie Royale des Beaux-arts et Ecole des Arts decoratifs de Bruxelles. Exposition centennale 1800–1900 .
  • Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts de Bruxelles, 275 ans d'enseignement , from May 7th to June 28th 1987.
  • Art, anatomie trois siècles d'évolution des représentations du corps , Académie royale des Beaux-Arts de Bruxelles, April 16-20, 2007.
  • James Ensor , June 23 - September 21, 2009, Retrospectiv Exhibition, Royal Museum of Fine Arts of Belgium, Brussels.
  • Constantin Meunier 1831-1905 , Retrospectiv Exhibition, September 20, 2014 - January 11, 2015, Royal Museum of fine Arts of Belgium, Brussels.
  • Belgian Modernism - Belgian Abstract Art and Europe from 1912-1930 , March 2nd - June 30th 2013, Ghent.
  • Belgian art between 1860 and 1960 , September 5 - November 9, 2014, Musée des Impressionnismes, Giverny.
  • Impressionism and the Americans , March 28 - June 29, 2014, Musée des Beaux Arts, Liège.
  • Brussels, a capital of impressionism , 11 July - 2 November 2014, Musée des Beaux Arts, Liège.
  • Portaels and the call of Orient , February 10 - May 31, 2015, Royal Museum of Fine Arts of Belgium, Brussels.
  • Permanent exhibition - Belgian and French avant-garde at the turn of the century , interrupted by short exhibitions - Fin-de-siècle Musée, Brussels.
  • The art of labor & the labor of art , exhibition, Musée Meunier, Brussels.
  • Art Nouveau - Horta-Musée, Maison Horta, Brussels.

swell

  • Academie Royale des Beaux-Arts de Bruxelles. 275 ans d'enseignement = 275 jaar onderwijs aan de Koninklijke Academie voor Schone Kunsten van Brussel. par Crédit Communal Bruxelles, 1987, ISBN 2-87193-030-9 .
  • Academie Royale des Beaux-arts et École des Arts décoratifs de Bruxelles. Exposition centennale 1800–1900 . Exhibition catalog. Bruxelles, no year.
  • Sérullaz, Maurice (Ed.): Lexicon of Impressionism. With a list of exhibitions and important retrospectives, a glossary, a list of figures, a name register and photo credits (= Encyclopédie de l'impressionnisme). Edition by Nottbeck, Cologne 1977, ISBN 3-8046-0011-5

Web links

Commons : Académie royale des beaux-arts de Bruxelles  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ^ In 1842 the Palladio Society was founded. She came out of the class of Tilman-François Suys . The aim was to support the students in their training and to represent the interests of the profession and architects. Society was very academically oriented. It no longer exists today.
  2. ↑ The intentions and goals of the Palladio Society have been represented by the SADBr since 1936. You can see the successor organization in it.
  3. ↑ At this point in time in Europe, people moved away from the social standpoint that women should be assigned to amateurism . With this opening, they gained the right to be recognized as full artists. The term is to be seen in the sense of Friedrich Schiller and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe .
  4. ↑ The Paris Salon had reached its zenith at that time and was slowly losing its leading role.
  5. ↑ In architecture, one must not ignore the trend of eclecticism, which is a combination of neoclassicism and Art Nouveau and is particularly characteristic of the facade design of new buildings in Brussels and was also taken as a model by architects and builders abroad - located on the eastern side is the still preserved water tower in Wroclaw. In Belgium such well-known names as Paul Picquet , Jean Baes , Fernand Conrad , Henri Beyaert and Paul Hankar were among the formative builders.
  6. ↑ The architect Paul Bonduelle lived from 1877-1955.
  7. ↑ The Paul Bonduelle Prix in Architecture has been awarded by the Académie royale des Beaux-Arts de Bruxelles since 1954 .
  8. ↑ Émile Labot was a major architect of the Belgian Art Nouveau style .
  9. ↑ In 2009 the Faculty of Architecture at the Free University of Brussels was founded. This took place after the merger of the two architecture schools:
    • Victor Horta School of Architecture (ISAVH); and
    • the Chamber of the French Community of the Higher Institute of Architecture (ISACF).
  10. ↑ He is one of the representatives of classicism.
  11. ↑ In 1812 he won the Prix du Rome in the architecture category.
  12. ↑ His extensive field of work included history painting, the genre and portrait art and did not really fit into the trend of neoclassicism.
  13. ↑ He belonged to the Essor association , an association of students or former students of the Academy, better known as the "Cercle des Elèves et Anciens Elèves des Académies des Beaux-Arts de Bruxelles". She lives from 1876-1891.
  14. ↑ It is assigned to the styles of naturalism and realism.
  15. ↑ He was one of the leading figures in the Belgian Impressionist architectural style movement. Together with the architects Paul Hankar and Paul Saintenoy, he determined the building landscape of Art Nouveau in Brussels and brought about significant impulses beyond the national borders.
  16. ↑ He belonged to the Belgian architectural movement of Ekletism.
  17. ↑ It is attributed to the movements of post-impressionism and symbolism.
  18. ↑ He belonged to the Belgian artist group Groupe Nervia . This had set itself the goal of promoting Walloon art and to represent it externally through exhibitions. This group included such artists as Anto Carte, Louis Buisseret, Frans Depooter, Leon Devos, Leon Navez, Pierre Paulus, Rodolphe Strebelle, Taf Wallet and Jean Winance.
  19. ↑ Other artists were also invited by the Nervia group to take part. These included u. a. Andrée Bosquet, Gustave Camus, Alphonse Darville, Elisabeth Ivanovsky, Geo Verbanck, Fernand Wery and Ernest Wynants.


Coordinates: 50 ° 50 '37.9 "  N , 4 ° 20' 50.7"  E