Alfred Gold

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Alfred Gold at the age of 30,
portrait by Moritz Coschell , Berlin 1904

Alfred Gold (born June 28, 1874 in Vienna , † October 24, 1958 in New York ) was an Austrian writer, theater critic, columnist , later an art historian, art dealer, art mediator and art collector.

Life

Gold was born as the son of the Jewish merchant Samuel Gold and Sara, b. Pipper, born in Vienna , where he attended high school from 1885 to 1892. He then studied philosophy and German at the University of Vienna, where he received his doctorate . His academic teachers were Robert von Zimmermann , Theodor Gomperz , Jakob Minor and Alfred von Berger .

Alfred Gold belonged to the Viennese Modernism of the late 19th century, the “Jeunesse dorée” in Vienna and Berlin, and also called himself Fin de Siécle or Alwin Goldeck . Before the turn of the century, he worked as its editorial assistant for the weekly Die Zeit , which was co-founded by Hermann Bahr .

He was the author of the text of Arnold Schönberg's first completely preserved work In bright dreams, I've often seen you for voice and piano, composed in the summer of 1893. Until 1901, Gold lived in Vienna as editor of the magazine Die Zeit, which was published there, and also published in the Pan magazine . From 1901 to 1911 he was the Berlin correspondent of the Frankfurter Zeitung , during which time he also published a few articles and reviews in the Neue Rundschau . Together with Alphonse Neumann, the eloquent and Francophile Gold translated the novel by a young man by Gustave Flaubert into German . In 1905, Cassirer's play Ausklang was to appear; the planned staging of the one-act play by Max Reinhardt did not materialize. He became known because of a plagiarism dispute : In November 1904 the Berliner Tageblatt accused the later editor of the Weltbühne, Siegfried Jacobsohn, of having taken over texts by Alfred Gold, which led to Jacobsohn's dismissal from Die Welt am Montag and the temporary termination of his career.

In 1911 Gold published a popular science book on Frans Hals , in 1912 he received his doctorate in Münster on Johann Carl Wilck: A painter of the German Empire (Berlin, Paul Cassirer, 1912), the first monograph on the man who was born in Schwerin in 1772 and near Nuremberg in 1819 deceased painter Johann Carl Wilck. Together with Max Liebermann , Carl Steffeck appeared on the exhibition from the estate of Carl Steffeck in 1913 : (1818–1890); his art, his life, his works . From August 31, 1914 to the end of March 1916, Alfred Gold gave wartime , artists' leaflets. Issue 1 - to 64/65, published by Paul Cassirer . All 272 contributions are original lithographs ; Graphics and a. v. Hans Baluschek , Ernst Barlach , Max Beckmann , Walter Bony , August Gaul , Willi Geiger , Rudolf Großmann , Otto Hundt , Willy Jaeckel , Arthur Kampf , Georg Kolbe , Käthe Kollwitz , Max Liebermann, Hans Meid , Oskar Nerlinger , Max Oppenheimer , Carl Olof Petersen , Max Slevogt , Ottomar Starke , Max Unold , Wilhelm Wagner , Karl Walser , E. R. Weiß and many more. The special issue of Max Liebermann appeared as issue 6. The hurrapatriotic series was discontinued as the First World War progressed .

In 1917 Gold worked as a correspondent for the Berliner Tageblatt in Copenhagen . On November 5, 1917, he wrote to his acquaintance from his time in Vienna, Leopold Andrian , from the Hotel Esplanade in Berlin that he should write an article on behalf of the Danish newspaper Politiken about the Reich Foreign Minister Ottokar Theobald Otto Maria Graf Czernin von und zu Chudenitz and asked him about arranging an audience .

After the war, Gold worked for several years in Paris as a buyer and shop steward for the international art trade. In 1927 he returned to Berlin and worked in the art trade. In 1929 he set up his own business in "small, intimate rooms" at Viktoriastraße 5 and mainly showed works of French impressionism , as described in an English-language catalog from 1930. Through his initiative there was an exhibition of masterpieces of German and French painting of the 19th century in 1930, organized by the Kunstverein für das Rheinland und Westfalen in Düsseldorf in 1930. Gold also wrote the introduction of the catalog. In 1931 he founded a branch in Paris in the George Petit Gallery. Immediately after the " seizure of power " by the National Socialists , Gold left Germany and relocated his gallery entirely to Paris. Together with his friend, the painter Jacques Blot (1885–1960), he founded his own small gallery in Av. Matignon 32 and continued to work in the international art trade. Among other things, he conveyed important works of French Impressionism to international museums. After the German occupation of Paris, Alfred Gold had to give up his shares in the gallery without compensation in 1940 and emigrated to the USA . There he published The most stupid of all races - dialogues and comments - a settlement with Nazi Germany in 1942 . On his 70th birthday, the German-language magazine Aufbau No. 26 published on June 30, 1944 a tribute to Max Osborn and Eugen Spiro , which portrayed Gold. After 1945, Gold continued to work in art education, among other things he tried to restore confiscated paintings from the Otto Gerstenberg collection to his daughter Margarethe Scharf. Extensive correspondence has been preserved from this period, ending in 1956. Until 1958, Gold lived in seclusion on the east coast .

Martha Gold at the age of 24,
painting by Moritz Coschell , Berlin, 1910

Alfred Gold was married to Martha (Margarethe), b. Zadek (born February 17, 1885 in Berlin, † August 16, 1960 in Portland ). They had a daughter, the later sculptor Marianne Gold Littman (* 1907; † March 23, 1999), who was born in Berlin in 1907 and went to school in Copenhagen. In the 1930s she studied with Aristide Maillol and Charles Malfrey at the Acadèmie Ranson in Paris. There she married her colleague Frederic Littman, together they moved to New York in 1940, where their first solo exhibition took place. In 1941 she and her husband, from whom she soon separated, received teaching assignments in Reed. From 1943 to 1954 she taught there as a resident artist and exhibited at the Portland Art Museum, in Seattle and San Francisco . She and her husband received numerous public contracts. After 1969 she was active in the peace movement against the Vietnam War .

Web links

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  • A. Holleczek, A. Meyer (Ed.): French Art - German Perspectives (1870–1945). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 2004, Marbach Literature Archive, Manuscript A: 78.0002
  • G. Wunberg (Ed.): The Viennese Modernism. Reclam, Stuttgart 1981
  • Dr. Alfred Gold's Gallery Berlin (Paris) , self-published, 1930
  • A. Gold: The most stupid of all races: Dialogues and comments. Bloch, New York 1942
  • RF Feilchenfeldt, M. Brandis: Paul Cassirer Verlag. An annotated bibliography . Saur, Munich 2005
  • Werner J. Schweiger: (Art Dealer) Dr. Alfred Gold
  • Gold, Alfred. In: Lexicon of German-Jewish Authors . Vol. 9: Glass Green. Edited by the Bibliographia Judaica archive. Saur, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-598-22689-6 , pp. 44-47
  • Erika Eschebach : Drawing for the war? Max Liebermann's contributions to the magazine “Kriegszeit”, 1914–1916 . In: Max Liebermann in Braunschweig , Edition Minerva 2008, pp. 112-134
  • Stefan Pucks: Alfred Gold - From young Vienna to the New World . In: The historical Otto Gerstenberg Collection , Vol. 1, Julietta Scharf, Hanna Strzoda (Ed.) Hatje Cantz, Ostfildern 2012
  • Hanna Strzoda: Sold - burned - kidnapped - lost. Margarethe Scharf and the fate of the Gerstenberg Collection after 1935 . In: The historical Otto Gerstenberg Collection , Vol. 1, Julietta Scharf, Hanna Strzoda (Ed.) Hatje Cantz, Ostfildern 2012
  • Westermannsmonthshefte Braunschweig , vol. 55, vol. 109, part 1, Oct. – Dec. 1910
  • Monthly for all Judaism , Illustrated East and West 1904

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Austria, Lower Austria, Vienna, registers of the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde, 1784–1911, images,  FamilySearch  ( Link : 20 May 2014), Vienna (all districts) → birth books → image 207 of 240; Municipal and Provincial Archives of Vienna, Vienna.
  2. ↑ Susanne Blume Berger, Michael Doppelhofer, Gabriele Mauthe: Manual Austrian authors of Jewish origin 18th to 20th century. Volume 3: S – Z, Register. Edited by the Austrian National Library. Saur, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-598-11545-8 , p. 1583.
  3. ↑ Gustave Flaubert: The novel of a young man ('L'Education sentimental'). German by Alfred Gold and Alphonse Neumann, Berlin, Cassirer, (1904)
personal data
SURNAME Gold, Alfred
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Goldeck, Alwin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Theater critic and columnist
DATE OF BIRTH June 28, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH October 24, 1958
Place of death new York