Altfriedstein

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Altfriedstein refers to a former vineyard property as well as the formerly associated manor house, now a listed building, in the Niederlößnitz district of the Saxon city of Radebeul , in Prof. Wilhelm Ring 1. The historic vineyard areas are located in the Radebeuler Johannisberg wine-growing area . Furthermore, a street above the manor house bears the name Altfriedstein . From 1899 onwards , the Dresden architects Schilling & Graebner developed the Altfriedstein villa colony on the vineyards abandoned due to the phylloxera disaster .

Altfriedstein mansion, from Moritzburger Strasse (postcard 1905)

description

Gable side of the Altfriedstein manor (from the west)
Altfriedstein building plan, 1903 (from the south)

The former Altfriedstein mansion consisted of a symmetrical core structure with a central turret on a high roof as well as two two-storey building wings with a lower roof facing east and west. The eastern side wing of the symmetrical structure still stands, and the core building was shortened during the renovations by the architects Schilling & Graebner because of the street layout of Ludwig-Richter-Allee on the west side and the west wing was demolished.

The central building is now four to three window axes in size. The former, high hipped roof has been shortened on the west side and changed to a cripple hip . There are bat dormers facing the street and gabled dormers facing the garden. The roof turret, which used to sit in the middle, is made of wood. It sits on a square base, on which sits an open exit protected by a grille with clocks on the eaves, and on top a curved hood with a ball knob. In the south view of the garden there is a portal with a roof in the line under the roof turret, in front of which there is an outside staircase to the garden. In the north-western corner of the building, where it reaches the sidewalk, there is a round arch arcade for pedestrians. On the upper floor of the redesigned west gable there is a three-part blind arch with neo-baroque stucco ornamentation. In the middle field there is a thermal bath window . The facade surfaces of the central building are structured by pilaster strips .

The east-facing wing is narrower than the main building and has a much lower ridge height with approximately the same eaves height . The window axes are differently far apart. In the street view there is a side elevation with a triangular gable. On the garden side of the wing there is a terrace with a pergola .

The former Baroque fountain from around 1790, which was housed on the north side of the former inner courtyard on the mountain side in a three-arched lining wall and which was supplied by Schwarzes Teich , is now separated from the manor house by the Prof. Wilhelm Ring. While the fan-like ornament in the middle arch of the lining wall is still in place, the dolphin and the water trough , both already described by Gurlitt, have been moved to another location on the former Friedstein site and connected to a water supply as a water feature.

history

Gut Altfriedstein on the Berlin miles sheets, 1781–1810. From below from Meißner Straße the access avenue

The Friedstein estate was owned by Andreas Allenbecke from "Freibergk" in 1544, which means that he probably came from Freiberg itself or the immediate vicinity. In 1602 a Dr. Röllingk, who was followed in 1675 by Christian Siegmund von Reichenbrodt to Schrenkendorf, a descendant of the secret secretary of Elector Johann Georg I , Christian Reichbrod von Schrenkendorf (1613-1660), owner of a manor in Pesterwitz .

Jakob Friedrich Schilling (1660–1742) from the noble Schilling family later owned this and other wineries, including that of Proschwitz Castle . His descendant Rudolf Schilling was to build the Altfriedstein villa colony two centuries later .

Gable side of the Altfriedstein mansion, still with a raised west wing (from the west, before 1900). Upper left the castle of peace
Today demolished west wing of Altfriedstein from the garden to the south. In the background the Berghaus Neufriedstein

From 1734 (or 1736) the electoral Saxon "house waiter" (head of the court winery to which the cellar master and cupbearers report) and later Oberlandweinmeister Friedrich Roos († 1757) acquired extensive vineyard property on the corridor later separated as Niederlößnitz from Kötzschenbroda. On this Rooseschen vineyard from 1743 to 1745 he built a baroque manor house with orangery and water art ( supplied by the Roos'sche aqueduct ) instead of a cattle yard that burned down in 1742 and laid out a park. The mansion received a roof turret with a clock tower and carillon. He also laid out a chestnut avenue as a driveway from Meißner Strasse (later Alleestrasse ). Roos may already have named the property Mon Repos , a name that is first assigned to Count Brühl in other literature. Roos' son Alexander took over the property in 1747 and left it to his cousin Heinrich Roos, who was also elector's chief wine master, in 1749.

The Saxon Prime Minister Heinrich Graf von Brühl (born August 13, 1700 in Weißenfels, † October 28, 1763 in Dresden) acquired the Roose vineyard in 1763 and named it Mon Repos (French: my resting place). After Brühl's death shortly thereafter, his heirs sold the property in 1770 to the Parisian jeweler Carl August Böhmer, who was involved in the so-called collar affair as the creator of Queen Marie Antoinette's necklace . In the following period Altfriedstein came into the possession of Louise Sophia Johanna Countess von Zinzendorf and Pottendorf from 1784 to 1812 , followed by cabinet minister Ludwig Graf Senfft von Pilsach as well as the merchants Ludwig Pilgrim (from 1816) and from 1818 his brother-in-law Georg Schwarz, both sons-in-law of Johann Peter Hundiker , who founded the nearby Sektkellerei Bussard in 1836 .

In 1822 Jean Paul , who was visiting his sister-in-law Wilhelmine (Minna) Uthe-Walks in Dresden , visited the well-known Schwarz family twice at their “Friedstein wine and country estate” in the Lößnitz. He not only got to know the “rich confidante of the Russian emperor” (Schwarz), but also his brother-in-law Ludwig Pilgrim and his wife Elise, a writer and “ardent admirer of Jean Paul”, as well as his father-in-law Hundiker.

After Georg Schwarz acquired the winery to the west and renamed it Neufriedstein , the property called Friedstein was renamed Altfriedstein .

Location of the Altfriedstein mansion (colored red), 1857. Above right the glue base with the black pond . From below the "long Kastanienallee [...] from the Art Street". Bottom right on the dashed line: Kötzschenbroda station .

From 1844 Altfriedstein was also known as Thomann's green-towered castle , after the owner Paul Thomann and his widow, who added a long side wing to the east of the manor house to the north. Including the “wonderful park-like garden” south of the house and the vineyards, the property at that time had a size of 34  acres 45  square rods (18.9 hectares). Emil Lutterroth followed in 1852 and D. Thienemann in 1858. Otto Thienemann, brother of Berthold Thienemann vom Hohenhaus , acquired Altfriedstein in 1870. In 1867, Carl Moritz Krieger founded his Kriegersche Lehr- und Erziehungsanstalt with boarding school there , which was moved to Meißner Straße 227 in 1872 .

Parcel plan Altfriedstein, 1883

From 1878, Altfriedstein belonged to Carl Lamsbach, who later became the first community elder of the Niederlößnitz community. He built a machine house and a reservoir on the hilltop so that the drinking water no longer had to be carried up from the well located lower on Winzerstraße. In addition, the property was supplied with service water from the Schwarzes Teich water pipeline , which Roos had already installed and which ended in the courtyard on the north side of the house. In 1883 Lamsbach added to the west wing in order to be able to accommodate a guesthouse there. In 1895 the entire manor house was converted into a guest house.

In 1899 the entire property was sold to the architects Schilling & Graebner , who, as project developers, parceled out the property and from 1902 built the Altfriedstein villa colony . With the construction of the Brühlstrasse Altfriedstein was directly developed (today Prof.-Wilhelm-Ring 1). The most important villa in the villa colony is the Meyerburg , which forms the end to the north and was built in 1911 .

In 1927, the mansion went to the city, which until 1987 as Feierabendheim used. The writer and poet Jeanne Berta Semmig spent her retirement there, later also the translator Ellen Schou .

In 1988 Altfriedstein was placed under monument protection and sold in private ownership in 1996.

literature

Lantern and clock of the manor house Altfriedstein, in the background above the tower of the Meyerburg
  • Frank Andert (Red.): Radebeul City Lexicon . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 .
  • Frank Andert: Thienemänner in the Loessnitz. In: Preview & Review ; Monthly magazine for Radebeul and the surrounding area. Radebeuler Monatshefte eV, December 2013, accessed on December 7, 2013 .
  • Cornelius Gurlitt : Niederlössnitz. Friedstein vineyard property. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 26. Booklet: The art monuments of Dresden's surroundings, Part 2: Amtshauptmannschaft Dresden-Neustadt . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1904, p. 132 ff.
  • Volker Helas (arrangement): City of Radebeul . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony, Large District Town Radebeul (=  Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Saxony ). SAX-Verlag, Beucha 2007, ISBN 978-3-86729-004-3 .
  • Gert Morzinek: Historical forays with Gert Morzinek . The collected works from 5 years “StadtSpiegel”. premium publishing house, Großenhain 2007.
  • association for monument preservation and new building radebeul (ed.), Tobias Michael Wolf: The villa colony at Altfriedstein. (= Contributions to the urban culture of the city of Radebeul. ) Radebeul 2006.
  • Jochen Zschaler: Was Jean Paul in the Loessnitz? (1). In: Preview & Review; Monthly magazine for Radebeul and the surrounding area. Radebeuler monthly books e. V., February 2004, accessed June 13, 2015 .
  • Jochen Zschaler: Was Jean Paul in the Loessnitz? (2). In: Preview & Review; Monthly magazine for Radebeul and the surrounding area. Radebeuler monthly books e. V., March 2004, accessed June 13, 2015 .
  • Jochen Zschaler: Additions to the article about Jean Paul in the Lößnitz. In: Preview & Review; Monthly magazine for Radebeul and the surrounding area. Radebeuler monthly books e. V., March 2004, accessed June 13, 2015 .

Web links

Commons : Altfriedstein  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Large district town of Radebeul (ed.): Directory of the cultural monuments of the town of Radebeul . Radebeul May 24, 2012, p. 31 (Last list of monuments published by the city of Radebeul. The Lower Monument Protection Authority, which has been based in the Meißen district since 2012, has not yet published a list of monuments for Radebeul.).
  2. ↑ Lössnitz and Moritzburger Teichlandschaft (= values ​​of our homeland . Volume 22). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1973, p. 172 ..
  3. ↑ Cornelius Gurlitt : Niederlössnitz. More buildings. Middle mountain road No. 88. Altfriedstein. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 26. Booklet: The art monuments of Dresden's surroundings, Part 2: Amtshauptmannschaft Dresden-Neustadt . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1904, p. 133.
  4. ↑ a b Manfred Richter: Altfriedstein, Prof. Wilhelm Ring 1. In: Niederlößnitz from yesteryear. Retrieved June 6, 2009 .
  5. ↑ Black Pond
  6. ↑ a b Letter from Jean Paul to his wife from May 19, 1822 during his visit from May 6 to June 12, 1822 with his sister-in-law Wilhelmine (Minne) Uthe-Wal in Dresden , quoted in: Jochen Zschaler: Was Jean Paul in the Loessnitz? Part 2. In: Preview and Review. Monthly magazine for Radebeul and the surrounding area. 14th year, issue 3, pp. 2-4. Radebeuler Monatshefte eV (Ed.): Radebeul 2003.
  7. ↑ a b Jochen Zschaler: Was Jean Paul in the Loessnitz? Part 2. In: Preview and Review. Monthly magazine for Radebeul and the surrounding area. 14th year, issue 3, pp. 2-4. Radebeuler Monatshefte eV (Ed.): Radebeul 2004.
  8. ^ A b Karl Julius Hofmann: The Meissen Netherlands in its natural beauties and peculiarities or Saxon Italy in the Meissen and Dresden areas with their localities. A folk book for nature and patriot friends presented topographically, historically and poetically . Louis Mosche, Meißen 1853. pp. 700 f. ( Online version )
  9. ↑ Gert Morzinek: Historical forays with Gert Morzinek. The collected works from 5 years "StadtSpiegel". premium Verlag, Großenhain 2007, p. 54 ff.

Coordinates: 51 ° 6 '53 "  N , 13 ° 37' 49.2"  E