Johann Peter Hundiker

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Johann Peter Hundiker, painted by Karl Vogel von Vogelstein , 1834

Johann Peter Hundiker (also Hundicker ; born November 29, 1751 in Groß Lafferde ; † February 2, 1836 "zu [Neu-] Friedstein near Dresden" [today located in Radebeul-Niederlößnitz ]) was a German educator and ducal education councilor of Braunschweig .

Live and act

Vechelde Castle, copper engraving by Anton August Beck , around 1760
Bust of Johann Peter Hundiker in the Vechelde Palace Gardens,
Ben Siebenrock 1979

Hundiker was the son of a merchant and was initially intended as his successor. The lessons he received at the Braunschweig orphanage school and later in Peine , canine himself judged as mediocre to poor. In this way his teachers awakened an "educational spirit" in him by showing how not to teach. He taught himself to teach himself and raised children around him during his own apprenticeship. To this end, he invented the reading box, among other things . Through the physician Carl Gottlieb Wagler (1731–1778) in Braunschweig he came into contact with Johann Bernhard Basedow , Joachim Heinrich Campe , Friedrich Eberhard von Rochow and Christian Heinrich Wolke . Influenced mainly by Basedow, canine experts studied new educational methods for their time.

Instead of a call from Basedow and Wolkes to the Philanthropinum Dessau , he took over the business of his late father in 1775, in whose house he set up an educational institution. Ferdinand von Braunschweig was impressed by his successes, so that he found the sons of Hundiker's first families from abroad. After he stopped working as a businessman, in 1804, with the support of the Brunswick Duke Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand , in Vechelde Castle, he founded an internationally renowned educational institution for the "higher classes", the Philanthropin . After the death of Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand and the end of his protection, Hundiker had to buy the school in 1811. This purchase was contested by the new government after the end of the Napoleonic era. The legal disputes caused Hundiker to give up and move in with his daughter.

In 1819 Hundiker moved to Lößnitz near Dresden, where he taught at Carl Lang's boys' education institution at Wackerbarth Castle from 1819 to 1823 . His two daughters Emilie married Schwarz and Elise married Pilgrim were married to two local winery owners who owned Mohrenhaus (Pilgrim from 1819), Altfriedstein (Pilgrim from 1816, Schwarz from 1823) and Neufriedstein (Schwarz from 1821 on lease, owned from 1827) possessed. Georg Schwarz made the Lower Berghaus on the Sandleithe vineyard available to him as a residence. There he devoted himself to further literary work. After his first visit to the Schwarz family in the Lößnitz on May 13, 1822, Jean Paul mentioned Hundiker as an “excellent father”.

Hundiker's daughter Elise, also a poet, became the godmother of Elise Polko , the daughter of Carl Vogel , also a teacher at Wackerbarth's peace and son-in-law of Carl Lang. The husband of Hundiker's older daughter Emilie, Georg Schwarz (see Schwarzes Teich ), was not only a wealthy Russian merchant, but also friends with the Russian Tsar Alexander I. During the Black's stay in Russia, Alexander is said to have fallen madly in love with Emilie, which is the occasion and gave material to Elise Polko's 1866 novella Am Tea Table of a Beautiful Woman .

Through his daily walks and his participation in social life, Hundiker made some friendships, for example with the Kötzschenbrodaer pastor and poet Johann Gottlob Trautschold (1777–1862), who dedicated a few poems to him. Trautschold also wrote an occasional pamphlet on the occasion of the wedding of Hundiker's oldest granddaughter in the church in Kötzschenbroda .

In 1831, on his 80th birthday, Hundiker received an honorary doctorate from the University of Jena . The fact that Goethe is said to have exerted an influence, who “after half a century with warm words” remembered their meeting in 1778, remains speculation.

After his death in 1836, Hundiker was buried in the Kötzschenbroda church ; his grave has disappeared today. From him came a bust of Luther (which has now probably disappeared), which the later deeply religious Christian had made in his Kötzschenbroda congregation in 1830 for the 300th anniversary of the Augsburg denomination and which, according to photos from the beginning of the 20th century, took a place of honor in the Kötzschenbroda church.

From his twelve children he left the two daughters and three sons already mentioned: Julius Hundiker (1784-1854) became a pastor and novelist, Wilhelm Theodorhundiker (1785-1828) philologist, textbook author and, after the closure of his father's institute, commercial school director in Magdeburg and Bremen, Egon (1789–1856) worked as a businessman in Hamburg, South and Central America.

Since September 2011 the primary school in his birthplace Groß Lafferde has been called the "Johann-Peter-Hundiker-Schule".

Known students

Works

  • To the Cosmopolitans of Hildesheim concerning the Philanthropinum in Dessau, from an unstudied Hildesheimer . Hildesheim, 1777.
  • From primers or ABC books. Hildesheimisches Wochenblatt 1782 , 41: 193-205.
  • Domestic worship for Christian families. Organized and edited by Joh. Pet. Hundicker . 2 volumes. 1st edition Hildesheim 1784, 2nd and 3rd edition Berlin: Vieweg, 1788 and 1797.
  • Private primer or monosyllabic pleasant and useful exercises in reading and thinking for students of letters from civilized classes . Braunschweig: school bookshop, 1791.
  • Johann Peter Hundiker's history, furnishings, teaching method and income from his farming school in Große Laffer in the Hildesheim monastery . In: Heinrich Philipp Conrad Henke (Ed.): Eusebia , Vol. 2. Fleckeisen, Helmstedt 1798; Pp. 368-417.
  • The visual game. New library for pedagogy, school system and the entire latest pedagogical literature of Germany 1809 ; 2: 214-226.
  • Consecration gift for young Christians. 2 parts. 1821, 1823.
  • Rays of light from the temple halls of wisdom. 1824.
  • Biblical celebration hours. 1829, 1830.
  • Festival book for educated dinner companions.

literature

  • M. Altner: Saxon life pictures . J. Reintzsch Published by Radebeul, 2001; Pp. 37, 39, 40.
  • Frank Andert (Red.): Radebeul City Lexicon . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 .
  • FG Becker: The educational institution in Vechelde. Or news of the establishment, the progress and the current state of this institution . Becker, Gotha 1806.
  • Hermann Heimart Cludius : The education that is possible and useful for the Low German freyen farmers and the means to promote them, shown in an example of the village of Großen-Laffer in the Principality of Hildesheim . Georg Christian Keil, Magdeburg 1805.
  • Bernd Feige: Philanthropic reform practice in Lower Saxony: Johann Peter Hundiker's educational work around 1800 . Böhlau, Cologne; Weimar; Vienna 1997, ISBN 3-412-07596-5 .
  • Bernd Feige: Johann Peter Hundiker. Educator, country school reformer and philanthropist; a pedagogue of our region around 1800. In: Peiner personalities. Gunzelin, Hammerstein, canine man. Kreisheimatbund, Peine 1999. pp. 79-106.
  • Horst-Rüdiger Jarck , Günter Scheel (Ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon - 19th and 20th centuries . Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hannover 1996, ISBN 3-7752-5838-8 , p. 295 .
  • A. Rose: The Peine Office in the Age of Enlightenment and Late Enlightenment . Heimat-Verein Oberg: Lahstedt 2008.
  • Ferdinand Spehr :  Hundiker, Johann Peter . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1881, pp. 399-401.

Web links

Commons : Johann Peter Hundiker  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Frank Andert: shopkeeper, teacher, public enlightener. (PDF; 210 kB) Part 47. In: Kötzschenbrodaer stories. January 2011, accessed January 4, 2011 .
  2. ↑ Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung , Vol. 1, Num. 46, Halle and Leipzig 1807, pp. 366–368
  3. ↑ Jörn Garber (Ed.): The ancestor of all good schools: The Dessau Philanthropinum and German Philanthropism 1774–1793 . Niemeyer, Tübingen 2008 pp. 317–334, ISBN 978-3-484-81035-8
  4. ^ A b c d e Frank Andert: The historical portrait: Johann Peter Hundiker (1751–1836). In: Preview & Review; Monthly magazine for Radebeul and the surrounding area. Radebeuler monthly books e. V., February 2011, accessed February 6, 2011 .
  5. ↑ Jochen Zschaler: Was Jean Paul in the Loessnitz? Part 2 . In: Preview & Review; Monthly magazine for Radebeul and the surrounding area. Radebeuler monthly books e. V., March 1, 2004, accessed on August 31, 2015 .
  6. ^ Letter from Jean Paul to his wife from May 19, 1822 during his visit from May 6 to June 12, 1822 with his sister-in-law Wilhelmine (Minne) Uthe-Wal in Dresden , quoted in: Jochen Zschaler: Was Jean Paul in der Lößnitz? Part 2 . In: Preview and Review. Monthly magazine for Radebeul and the surrounding area. 14th year, issue 3, pp. 2-4. Radebeuler monthly books e. V. (Ed.), Radebeul 2003.
  7. ^ Ferdinand Spehr:  Hundiker, Johann Peter . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1881, pp. 399-401.
  8. ^ Website of the Johann-Peter-Hundiker-Schule Groß Lafferde
personal data
SURNAME Hundiker, Johann Peter
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hundicker, Johann Peter
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German educator and school founder
DATE OF BIRTH November 29, 1751
PLACE OF BIRTH Large loaf soil
DATE OF DEATH February 2, 1836
Place of death Niederloessnitz