Amalie Zephyrine von Salm-Kyrburg
Amalie Zephyrine von Salm-Kyrburg (born March 6, 1760 in Paris ; † October 17, 1841 in Sigmaringen ) married the Hereditary Prince Anton Aloys von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen in 1782 and is considered the "savior of Hohenzollern". She came from a German aristocratic family who predominantly lived in the area around the court of King Louis XVI. lived.
Life
Amalie Zephyrine was the eighth child of Prince Philip Joseph von Salm-Kyrburg , first Prince of Salm - Kyrburg (1709–1779), and Maria Theresa von Hornes , eldest daughter of Maximilian Prince von Hornes, born in Paris in 1760. She was baptized in the parish church of Saint-Sulpice and grew up in Paris. The family seat of the von Salm-Kyrburg family, however, was Kirn an der Nahe in what is now Rhineland-Palatinate. In 1780 her brother, Prince Friedrich III. Johann Otto Salm-Kyrburg (1745-1794, reign 1778-1794), to whom she was very close, the Parisian architect Jacques Denis Antoine with the construction of a wild- and Rhine Count's baroque summer residence of Amalie Zephyrine below the family seat of the family in Kirn. The residence was named Schloss Amalienlust in her honor , but was not fully completed during her lifetime. The town house, which was very modern and comfortable according to the ideas of the time, is, like the house not far from it, the Friedrich III. had it built for himself and his wife Princess Johanna Franziska von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1765–1790), preserved largely true to the original. Sophisticated demands were satisfied by a theater that completed the Kirner Ensemble.
According to the wishes of her parents, on November 29, 1781 in Strasbourg , on the occasion of the marriage of Frederick III. with Johanna Franziska, the engagement of Johanna's brother, the Hereditary Prince Anton Aloys von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1762–1831), with Amalie Zephyrine announced. In 1782, Amalie Zephyrine von Salm-Kyrburg married in the Piarist monastery in Kirn , today's town hall building. The wedding ceremony took place on August 13, 1782 in Dhaun Castle, five kilometers away .
The young couple spent their first winter together in Paris. In 1784 Amalie Zephyrine came to Sigmaringen for the first time , but found life in the small residential town on the Danube to be "unbearably restrictive". Paris was already a big city at the end of the 18th century, while Sigmaringen had barely 1000 inhabitants. Just one year later, ten weeks after the birth of her son Karl , she fled disguised as a man from the Upper Swabian province to Kirn to her brother Friedrich III. von Salm-Kyrburg and his wife Johanna, a born princess of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, her husband's sister. She left her son behind.
In Paris, her brother had an aristocratic palace built by the architect Pierre Rousseau from 1782 to 1787, the Hôtel de Salm (on the Rue de Lille and Quai d'Orsay , since 1804 the palace and museum of the Legion of Honor, founded in 1802 ) and by Antoine-François Equip Peyre . The Parisian residence of the Salm-Kyrburg family was soon a meeting place for the aristocratic upper class of pre-revolutionary France.
However, when the French Revolution took its course, both Amalie Zephyrines brother Friedrich III fought. like her lover Alexandre de Beauharnais on the side of the revolution. Both men were imprisoned in Conciergerie prison during the Jacobean reign of terror and died under the guillotine in 1794 . Amalie Zephyrine herself survived the revolution, and according to her correspondence, she was very preoccupied with the death of her brother. In 1797 she acquired the Cimetière de Picpus cemetery with a secret contract , where her brother and her lover were buried in mass graves. Nevertheless, she maintained excellent contacts with influential figures of the revolution such as Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord and Joséphine , the widow of her former lover, who had married Napoléon Bonaparte in 1796 .
Helene d'Isque, who later became Helene von Schatzberg († 1861), was born in 1799 and lived in the princess's household from August 1800 to January 1824, the year she married Friedrich von Laßberg . Rumors did not stop and recent research suggests that Helene was the princess' illegitimate daughter from her extramarital relationship with the French Colonel Charles de Voumard (1761–1841). Charles de Voumard, who later called himself Karl Heinrich Voumard von Wehrburg, had appointed the princess in 1797 as tutor of her eight-year-old, orphaned nephew Friedrich IV von Salm-Kyrburg .
From the Rastatt Congress in 1799 to the negotiation of the Rhine Confederation Act in 1806, Amalie used her relationships with the Napoleonic court to work in favor of her son Karl for the preservation of the Principality of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and its full sovereignty. It was finally able to avert the threatening mediatization in favor of Württemberg or Baden for both Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and Hohenzollern-Hechingen . At the same time, Amalie Zephyrine campaigned for the newly created Principality of Salm and represented its designated princes, her underage nephew Friedrich IV zu Salm-Kyrburg, as guardian.
From 1806, for political reasons, she promoted the marital union of the Hohenzollern House with the French nobility. She arranged the wedding of her son Karl, concluded in February 1808, to Antoinette Murat , the ward of Joachim Murat , who was married to Napoleon Bonaparte's youngest sister Caroline and rose to become Grand Duke of Berg and King of Naples .
In 1808, after 20 eventful years in Paris, Amalie Zephyrine finally returned to Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. At first she lived with the young couple from July 1808, still separated from Anton Aloys, in the castle in Krauchenwies . In 1810 she set up her own court in the nearby Inzigkofen . The former office building of the secularized Inzigkofen Monastery was transformed into a country palace . In 1811 she finally left Krauchenwies to live in Inzigkofen from then on. In the same year she had an English-style landscape park laid out towards the Danube that still exists today . In the park she had a memorial erected to her beloved brother. Later and until her death, she lived in what is now known as the Alte Prinzenbau in Sigmaringen, which her husband Anton Aloys had built especially for her between 1822 and 1825. Inzigkofen served her and her grandson, Hereditary Prince Karl Anton, as a summer residence.
In the Hohenzollern house, unlike in other German aristocratic houses, there was never a discussion about a possible divorce. They lived separately, but Anton Aloys visited her regularly and corresponded with her on friendly terms. Anton Aloys also always paid for her bills.
Amalie Zephyrine died in Sigmaringen in 1841 at the age of 81. Her subjects valued her as a generous princess who carries Amalienfelsen in the Danube Valley , donated by her son Karl, her name and a memorial inscription as well as the alliance coat of arms (Salm-Kyrburg and Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen).
literature
- Casimir Bumiller: By Napoleon's grace - The princesses of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and von Fürstenberg wanted to maintain the sovereignty of their lords in 1806. In: Moments. Contributions to regional studies of Baden-Württemberg. 3, 2006, ISSN 1619-1609 .
- Gunter Haug : The Princess of Fate. Amalie Zephyrine, the savior of Hohenzollern. DRW-Verlag, Leinfelden-Echterdingen 2005, ISBN 3-87181-025-8 ( narrated story ).
- Gabriele Loges: Paris, Sigmaringen or The Freedom of Amalie Zephyrine von Hohenzollern , Klöpfer & Meyer, Tübingen 2013, ISBN 978-3-86351-069-5 (novel)
- Histoire de la vie de la Princesse Amélie Zéphyrine de Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, née Princesse de Salm-Kyrburg, ma mère, écrite par elle-même, reçue après sa mort / Life story of Princess Amalie Zephyrine von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, born Princess of Salm-Sigmaringen Kyrburg, my mother, written by her in her own hand, received after her death, 1760–1831. Edited by Christina Egli ... Edited by Edwin Ernst Weber, Edition Isele, Eggingen 2015, ISBN 978-3-86142-596-0
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h From Paris to Krauchenwies - Migration in the service of the dynasty using the example of Antoinette Murat . Lecture by Carmen Ziwes on November 25, 2010 in Krauchenwies
- ↑ a b c d Jochen Fischer: Castle with history and stories . In: Stuttgarter Zeitung , August 19, 2009.
- ↑ a b c d e f Gabriele Loges: A princess takes care of the preservation of the Hohenzollern principalities. History Association follows in the footsteps of Amalie Zephyrine von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen . In: Schwäbische Zeitung from December 15, 2010
- ^ Fidelis Baur: History of the Hohenzollern States of Hechingen & Sigmaringen from the earliest times up to our day, thoroughly edited according to the sources. Book 6. Bucher and Liener, Sigmaringen 1834, p. 57 .
- ↑ a b c d Hohenzollern leave their mark in Paris . In: Schwäbische Zeitung from April 15, 2010
- ↑ quoted from Bumiller, Casimir, see under literature
- ↑ after Gunter Haug, "Die Schicksalsfürstin" (see literature), who confirmed by email that he had taken this information from contemporary sources.
- ↑ a b Vera Romeu (from right): Like history lesson, only more entertaining. As part of the “SZ Opens Doors” campaign, 50 readers experience a wonderful tour. In: Schwäbische Zeitung of November 7, 2011
- ↑ Princess flees to Paris . In: Südwest Presse of April 24, 2010
- ^ Karl Werner Steim: Helene von Schatzberg (1799–1861) , PDF file, lecture manuscript in the portal museumsverein.worblingen.info , Worblingen 2009, accessed on August 3, 2013
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Salm-Kyrburg, Amalie Zephyrine from |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German princess |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 6, 1760 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Paris |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 17, 1841 |
| Place of death | Sigmaringen |