Anton Heinrich du Plat

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Anton Heinrich du Plat (* 1738 in Ratzeburg , † 1791 in Hildesheim ) was a kurhannoverscher lieutenant general and cartographer . He was the first Hanoverian road construction - engineering .

Life

"Situations Tears of neüerbaueten roads of Kurfürstenthums Brunswick-Luneburg . First part “for the (today's) federal road B 217 ;
Inside title of the book published by du Plat in 1780 with copper engraving of the milestone "4 3/4 miles from Hanover to Hameln "

Anton Heinrich du Plat came from the French noble family du Plat , whose first representative in Germany from 1697 was his grandfather Pierre Joseph du Plat (1657– ??), the progenitor of the Hanoverian line. Members of this German line again entered royal Danish and British services. Plat was the son of the Hanoverian officer and cartographer Pierre Joseph du Plat (1691–1753) and the Löhrstorf estate manager's daughter Engel Justina Janus (1700– ??). His older brothers Lieutenant General Georg Josua du Plat (1722–1795), Oberdeichgraf Peter Joseph du Plat (1728–1782) and Lieutenant General Johann Wilhelm du Plat (1735–1806) were all like him cartographers from the Elector of Hanover.

After the Seven Years' War (1756–1763) the military and trade routes were in very poor condition. Therefore, road construction was then recognized as an important state political task. In order to achieve an active trade balance , as recommended by mercantilism to increase the wealth of a country, industry and trade had to be encouraged. An indispensable prerequisite for this, however, was a well-developed road network. In the mid-18th century, therefore, began with the construction of roads , thus artificially-developed highways. The peculiarity was that from now on it was no longer the carters looking for the right way for their carts, but the state gave the way.

So was from 1764 to 1776 on the instructions of Georg III. who had made a sum of 12,000 thalers available for the construction of the highway in 1764 , built the highway from Hanover to Hameln , from 1765 also the highway from Hanover to Kassel , today's Bundesstraße 3 , and from 1769 also the highway from Hanover to Nienburg, today's federal highway 6 . As an engineer officer, Plat led this construction work from the start.

As a royal and electoral engineer- captain , he produced his most important work in 1780, the situation cracks of the newly built Chausséen of the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg - the Chaussee from Hanover to Hameln . It contains an overall plan of the road and ten detailed plans of individual route sections. Plat added descriptions of the locations and historical data of the locations along the road to these maps. Departure and arrival plans of the riding and traveling mail, toll tariffs and opening times of the city ​​gates complete the information about this street, which as today's federal highway 217 still largely follows the course of the old Chaussee. More than this first part has not appeared, but he also drew a few other maps.

In 1787, Plat was promoted to major . As a colonel , he later became inspector of the infantry in Hanover. He died with the rank of lieutenant general.

Works

  • Carte of their environs from Hanover. 1750.
  • Situation cracks in the newly built Chausséen of the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg. Part 1: The Chaussée from Hanover to Hameln. Along with a message from the strange places on this route. 20 plates, Hanover, 1780 - facsimile : Niemeyer Verlag, Hameln 1985, ISBN 3-87585-069-6 .

literature

Web links

Commons : Anton Heinrich du Plat  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ On the history of traffic in Lower Saxony - the development of road construction in Lower Saxony
  2. ↑ Ernst Schubert : The End of the Early Modern Age in "Third Germany" , 2003, page 40 ( digitized version )
  3. ↑ Peter Lundgreen , André Grelon: Engineers in Germany 1770-1990 , German-French studies to industrial society, Volume 17, Campus Verlag, 1994, ISBN 3-593-35202-8 and ISBN 978-3-593-35202-2 , Page 111
  4. ↑ Göttingische learned advertisements , Volume 2, 1780, page 1117 ( Göttingische learned advertisements , Volume 2, 1780, page 1117 )
  5. ^ Johann Georg Krünitz , Friedrich Jakob Floerken, Heinrich Gustav Flörke: Oekonomische Encyklopädie , Volume 62, 1794, page 424 ( digitized version )
  6. ↑ Work information in: Catalog of the manuscript maps, charts and plans , British museum dept. of MSS., 1861, page 171, ( digitized version )
  7. ↑ Royal Great Britain and Chur-Grand Duke Braunschweig-Lüneburg State Calendar for the year 1788 ( excerpt )
  8. ^ Friedrich Karl Gottlob Hirsching : Historical and literary manual of famous and memorable people , Volume 8, 1806, page 34 ( digitized version )
personal data
SURNAME You Plat, Anton Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION lieutenant general and cartographer from Hanover
DATE OF BIRTH 1738
PLACE OF BIRTH Ratzeburg
DATE OF DEATH 1791
Place of death Hildesheim