Johann Wilhelm du Plat

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Johann Wilhelm du Plat (* 4. October 1735 in Ratzeburg ; † 16th June 1806 in Hameln ) was a kurhannoverscher lieutenant general and cartographer . The Du Plat'sche land survey of the bishopric of Osnabrück is still an indispensable source for settlement historians .

origin

Johann Wilhelm du Plat came from the French noble family du Plat , whose first representative in Germany (from 1697) was his grandfather Pierre Joseph du Plat (1657–1709), the progenitor of the Hanoverian line. Members of this German line again entered royal Danish and British services. Plat was the son of the Hanoverian officer and cartographer Pierre Joseph du Plat (1691–1753) and the Löhrstorf estate manager's daughter Engel Justina Janus (1700– ??). He was baptized in St. Petri Church . His eldest brother, Lieutenant General Georg Josua du Plat (1722–1795) was the founder of the topographical survey of the Electorate of Hanover in the 1770s . His second oldest brother, Oberdeichgraf Peter Joseph du Plat (1728–1782) and his younger brother, Lieutenant General Anton Heinrich du Plat (1738–1791), were like him cartographers from the Elector of Hanover.

Life

In 1763 was Plat Lieutenant in the Infantry - Regiment v. Kielmannsegg and became 1766 captain ( Captain ) in the regiment Prince Frederick . During this time, as a member of the Hanoverian engineering corps between 1764 and 1784, together with Johann Ludewig Hogrewe, he created the Kurhannoversche Landesaufnahme as a map on a scale of 1: 21.333⅓ with 165 sheets.

On June 8, 1784, he was as kurhannoverscher captain by the sovereign Friedrich August , who in personal union , commissioned was also archbishop of the Bishopric of Osnabrück with the national survey of Osnabrück, which, by Justus Moser from the stands encouraged in the years 1784-1790 in scale 1: 3.840 was carried out. In order to eliminate the tax inequality u. a. the treasure-free possessions of the nobility are also recorded. The land surveying was used for tax purposes and, together with the associated surveying and appraisal registers, is the oldest cadastral map of a total of 476 sheets of the principality. Compared to the Electorate of Hanover, it also contains the drawing of the parcels and owner parcels . This increases their scientific value - especially in relation to settlement history . Their analysis with modern methods leads back to the reconstruction of medieval settlement and cultural landscapes .

In 1789, Plat was promoted to major and in 1791 to lieutenant colonel . Four years later (1795), Plat was appointed Colonel Regiment Chief of the Kurhannovian Infantry Regiment No. 7-A in Hameln, which he also headed as major general (1800) until 1803 and left with the rank of lieutenant general. Also from 1795 until 1801 he was inspector of the Hanoverian infantry . In this function he was also one of those officers whose long-term reform considerations were formulated in the instruction of May 20, 1800. According to this, ten soldiers in a company were to be trained snipers in peacetime and 15 in war .

Plat was one of the officers appointed by Field Marshal Johann Ludwig Graf von Wallmoden-Gimborn , who on July 5, 1803 approved the Artlenburg Convention (Elbe Convention ) concluded with General Édouard Adolphe Mortier . The Artlenburg Convention caused the extension of the arms of the Electorate of Hanover and thus led to the dissolution of the troops of the Electorate of Hanover .

Johann Wilhelm du Plat was buried on June 21, 1806 in the garrison cemetery in Hameln.

family

Plat married Marie Therese von Lemalle (* 1734; † June 21, 1799) in Osnabrück after 1791 . Her grave slab with a written plaque is still there today at the Hamelin garrison cemetery. After her death, he married Helene Louise Seehausen († June 25, 1808), the daughter of the Hanoverian superintendent as well as building and provisions manager August Seehausen and Sophie Julia Ebeling, in Hameln on May 28, 1800 . From this second marriage came the son Christian Heinrich Wilhelm du Plat (* November 20, 1803, † February 2, 1824).

Publications

  • Plan of the upcoming situation , colored pen drawing, 1783
  • Instruction for the land surveyor ordered for general surveying , 1784
  • Cadastral map of the Hochstift Osnabrück , 7 single maps, 1784–1790
  • Preliminary ideas about the formation of riflemen in the Hanoverian infantry , March 19, 1796

literature

  • Hans Kleinn: The reproduction of the land survey of the Principality of Osnabrück (1784-1790) by JW du Plat. Comments on the first eight deliveries with one card . In: Westfälische Forschungen , Vol. 28 (1976/77), ISSN  0083-9027 , pages 181-184.
  • Günther Wrede (ed.): The land surveying of the Principality of Osnabrück (1784-1790) by JW du Plat. Reproduction of the pure map on a scale of 1: 10,000 with explanatory text . In: Osnabrücker Geschichtsquellen , Vol. 6 (1955/72), ISSN  0933-6966
  • Günther Wrede:  you Plat, Johann Wilhelm. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 200 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Matthias Rickling: Osnabrück from A to Z. Interesting facts in 1500 key words about history, art and culture , Verlag Aschendorff, 2007, ISBN 3402065541 or ISBN 9783402065549
  2. ↑ Fr. Tobiesen: Om Slægten du Plat , in: Personalhistorisk Tidsskrift , Volume 63, Samfundet for Dansk genealogi og personalhistorie, 1942, page 209 ( excerpt )
  3. ^ State Office for Geoinformation and Land Development Lower Saxony (LGLN): Kurhannoversche Landesaufnahme des 18. Century.
  4. ^ Westfälische Forschungen , Volume 28, Provinzialinstitut für Westfälische Landes- und Volkskunde, Verlag4 Aschendorff, 1978, page 181 ( excerpt )
  5. ↑ Henning Buck, Georg Beck: "Patriotic Fantasies": Justus Möser , 1994
  6. ↑ Geografiska annaler , Volume 43, Svenska sällskapet för antropologi och geografi, Centraltryckeriet, 1961 page 313 ( http://books.google.de/books?id=1UUsAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Johann+Wilhelm+du+Plat%22&dq=%22Johann+ Wilhelm + du + Plat% 22 & hl = de & sa = X & ei = XB4XT6eDFIfCtAastdVl & ved = 0CD0Q6AEwAzgo extract)
  7. ^ Christian Friedrich Jacobi, Gottlob Friedrich Krebel: European genealogical manual , 1800, page 245 ( digitized version )
  8. ↑ Johannes Kunisch , Michael Sikora : Gerhard Johann David von Scharnhorst: Private und Dienstliche Schriften , 2003, page 606, footnote 2 ( digitized version )
  9. ↑ www.garnisonkirche-hameln.de/004_Plat.htm ( Memento from October 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME You Plat, Johann Wilhelm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION lieutenant general and cartographer from Hanover
DATE OF BIRTH October 4, 1735
PLACE OF BIRTH Ratzeburg
DATE OF DEATH June 16, 1806
Place of death Hamelin