Anton Mollinary from Monte Pastello

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Mollinary, 1843 as first lieutenant
Anton Mollinary von Monte Pastello, lithograph by Adolf Dauthage , 1879

Baron Anton Mollinary von Monte Pastello (* October 8 or 9, 1820 as Anton Mollinary in Titel ( Batschka ); † October 26, 1904 in Villa Soave near Como ) was an Austro-Hungarian military master and writer. He was the son of Karl Mollinary (1792–1868), a lieutenant colonel in the Tchaikist border battalion in title.

Mollinary was chosen for a military career and entered the Imperial and Royal Pioneer School in the monastery barracks in Tulln in 1833 as a cadet . Retired as a sub-lieutenant in 1837 , he was assigned to the "kk Galician Infantry Regiment No. 45". Two years later he was transferred to the staff of the Pioneer Corps in Vienna, reporting to Lieutenant Colonel Birago (inventor of a pontoon bridge system - the pioneer barracks in Melk was named after him).

kk pioneer school in Tulln

After his transfer to the quartermaster's staff, he began to implement Birago's ideas in 1846, reorganized the kk Danube flotilla and incorporated the river ships of the “Chaikists” (soldiers on the military frontier ) into it. The Lake Garda flotilla , of which he was in command until 1860, was created under his leadership .

In 1847 he visited England , France , Greece and Turkey on extensive information trips .

During the uprisings in Italy in 1848/49, Mollinary was assigned to the Italian Army of Field Marshal Josef Graf Radetzky and took part in the campaigns against the Piedmontese . From September 1850 he commanded the pioneer and flotilla corps for seven years as a lieutenant colonel (from 1854 as a colonel ), first on the Danube , then on the waters in northern Italy.

Mollinary was meanwhile logistically involved in 1851 in the task of the Austrian corps after the First Schleswig-Holstein War by Holstein to bring, where it was used to pacify purposes.

For on January 30, 1858 Major General promoted since he commanded an infantry - brigade in Milan and was during the Sardinian war 1859 fortress commander of Ancona , which at that time still the Papal States belonged. In 1860 he took command of a brigade in Laibach ( Krain ). In 1864 he was assigned to the staff of the V Army Corps.

On June 3, 1865 he was promoted to field marshal lieutenant and appointed deputy corps commander of the IV Corps.

In the battle near Schweinschädel in Bohemia , which took place on June 29, 1866 during the German War , Mollinary also fought against the needle gun for the first time and had to take note of the Prussians' superiority in terms of weapons technology. On July 3, 1866, at the Battle of Königgrätz, he took command of the IV Corps (whose commander Feldzeugmeister Tassilo Festetics had been seriously wounded) but had no information about the approach of the Prussian Crown Prince's army (whose intervention turned out to be should prove decisive in the battle). Mollinary gave up his defensive position and deployed his forces together with the II Corps that morning against the Swiepwald, which was held by the Prussians. The attack was repulsed with great losses and his units were then surrounded by the Prussian Guard Corps. Mollinary was also wounded in the process.

In 1868 he was promoted to lieutenant general, was initially used as a "Landesvertheidigungs-Ober-Commandant" in Innsbruck and in 1870 was appointed commanding general of the XIII. Corps and head of administration in the Croatian-Slavonian border region transferred to Agram . On April 23, 1873, he was promoted to Feldzeugmeister. He did not receive the supreme command over the Bosnian campaign expected of him , because he made himself politically unpopular with the Hungarians and especially with the Foreign Minister Julius Graf Andrássy and was sidelined because of his views on an Austrian Greater Croatia . In 1877 he was appointed the IX. Corps to Brno and in the following year to the XI. Corps transferred to Lemberg .

On November 1, 1879 Mollinary retired, which he spent on his estate on Lake Como.

writer

Mollinary wrote several books or treatises:

  • "Travel report regarding France's pontooning, cannon and Mortar boats, floating batteries, along with general military notes on the French army ”(1856)
  • "About the use of steam ships and tugs for troop shipments and river crossings" (1858)
  • "Study of the Operations and Tactiques of the French in the 1859 Campaign in Italy" (1864)
  • "Response to the article" Reviews of d. War 1866 "" by S. von Pollatschek, Lieutenant Colonel in the Imperial and Royal General Staff (1868)
  • "46 Years in the Austro-Hungarian Army 1833–1879", 2 vols., (1905) (French 1913/14)
  • "The Roman Roads in European Turkey" (1914)

Others

Fort Mollinary , built in the years 1850–51 and at that time still located in Austria-Hungary, was named after Mollinary . This is located on Monte Pastello, which is why Mollinary probably chose this (freely selectable) suffix when he was raised to the baron class.

literature

personal data
SURNAME Mollinary from Monte Pastello, Anton
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mollinary from Monte Pastello, Anton Freiherr
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian Feldzeugmeister
DATE OF BIRTH October 8, 1820 or October 9, 1820
PLACE OF BIRTH title
DATE OF DEATH October 26, 1904
Place of death Como