Arthur Winnington-Ingram

Arthur Winnington-Ingram on a visit to Canada in 1907, left the Bishop of Montreal James Carmichael

Arthur Foley Winnington-Ingram KCVO (born January 26, 1858 in Stanford-on-Teme , Worcestershire , † May 26, 1946 in The Boynes, Upton-upon-Severn ) was an Anglican Bishop of the Church of England . From 1901 to 1939 he held the office of Bishop of London .

Life

Family and youth

Arthur Winnington-Ingram was the fourth of ten children of Reverend Edward Winnington-Ingram and his wife Maria Louisa, daughter of Henry Pepys , the Bishop of Worcester. The future Rear Admiral Charles William Winnington-Ingram was his older brother. Winnington-Ingram's father was the second son of Reverend Edward Winnington-Ingram. This in turn was a son of Edward Winnington, 2nd Baronet and had added Ingram to the family name in 1817. He attended Marlborough College and Keble College at the University of Oxford . After completing his studies, he traveled through Europe and worked there as a tutor.

Priestly career and episcopal ordination

In 1884 he was ordained a deacon and a priest . Winnington-Ingram has now become a curate at St Mary's Church in Shrewsbury . In 1885 he became house chaplain to William Dalrymple Maclagan , Bishop of Lichfield, a position Winnington-Ingram held for three years.

In 1888 he was entrusted with the management of the Oxford House in Bethnal Green , which had been founded a few years earlier . Under his leadership, Oxford House grew from originally three residents to 30 in 1892 and tripled its annual income. From 1895 to 1897 he held the post of Rector of St Matthew's in Bethnal Green in addition to the management of Oxford House . His successful work in Bethnal Green caused Mandell Creighton , the Bishop of London, to appoint him suffragan in 1897 . Winnington-Ingram was ordained Bishop of Stepney on November 30, 1897. Associated with this, he became a canon at St Paul's Cathedral . When Mandell Creighton died in 1901, Winnington-Ingram was appointed as his successor. His inauguration took place on April 30, 1901. During his time as Bishop of London, nearly 100 new parishes were planted and 94 churches built in his diocese. Winnington-Ingram himself conducted 2205 ordinations.

Socially he represented a conservative Victorianism. In London, for example, he chaired the Public Morality Council , which worked closely with the police to close brothels , clean public parks and oppose objectionable plays and birth control. In 1919 he started a nationwide campaign to re-establish the Church of England Temperance Society . In the House of Lords he campaigned against social injustice, as well as against poverty and unemployment.

Work during the First World War

Arthur Winnington-Ingram (left) visiting the Grand Fleet in 1916

During the First World War , which he saw as a " great crusade to defend the weak against the strong ", he was an ardent representative of jingoism . Wherever possible he campaigned for British war aims and uncritically accepted anti-German propaganda. A talented speaker, he was successful in recruiting volunteers for the British Army at the start of the war. In 1915 he visited the British troops on the Western Front . In 1916 visits to the Grand Fleet at Rosyth and Scapa Flow followed . A chaplain in the London Rifle Brigade , later in the war he encouraged the younger clergy in his diocese to volunteer for the army. In 1917 he headed the National Mission of Repentance and Hope , which had the goal of promoting enthusiasm for British war aims. In 1918 he visited the Saloniki Front .

Between the wars and retirement

Winnington-Ingram gained great social standing through his work as a bishop. April 1915 he was appointed Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order . In 1918 its reputation reached its peak. With the end of World War I and the continued decline of old Victorian values, Winnington-Ingram was increasingly viewed as an anachronism. This was also evident in his diocese, where he succeeded less and less in uniting the various clerical currents. In 1939 he finally retired. Previously, he had in 1937 as one of the carriers of the regalia of the United Kingdom in the procession for the coronation of George VI. and his wife Queen Elizabeth in Westminster Abbey participated . Winnington-Ingram settled in Bournemouth after his retirement . He stayed at The Boynes, Upton-upon-Severn for six months each year. In 1940 he published his autobiography Fifty Years' Work in London . He died on May 26, 1946 at The Boynes, Upton-upon-Severn, and was buried in St Paul's Cathedral on June 7, 1946. Winnington-Ingram remained unmarried throughout his life, but was briefly engaged as Bishop of Stepney.

Publications (selection)

• Why Did Daniel Pray? (1893)
• New Testament Difficulties: Historical and Scientific. (1894)
• Messengers, Watchmen, and Stewards (1896)
• Work in Great Cities (1896)
• Christ and His Friends. (1897)
• Banners of the Christian Faith. (1899)
• The after-glow of a Great Reign. (1901)
• The Faith of Church and Nation. (1904)
• The Men Who Crucify Christ. (1905)
• The Gospel in Action. (1905)
• A Mission of the Spirit. (1906)
• The Call of the Father. (1907)
• The Love of the Trinity. (1909)
• Social purity. (1909)
• The Christian Girl. (1910)
• Into the fighting line. (1910)
• The Mysteries of God. (1910)
• Christ's Sympathy for Young Men. (1911)
• Secrets of Strength. (1911)
• The Attractiveness of Goodness. (1913)
• The Gospel of the Miraculous. (1913)
• The Eyes of Flame. (1914)
• Kaiser or Christ? The War and Its Issues. (1914)
• The Bishop of London's Visit to the Front. (1915)
• Our Place in Christendom: Lectures Delivered at St. Martin-in-the-Fields, in the Autumn of 1915. (1916)
• The Potter and the Clay. (1917)
• Rays of Dawn. (1918)
• They Shall Not Pass. (1918)
• The Necessity and Hope for Christian Union. (1919)
• The Spirit of Jesus. (1919)
• The Spirit of Peace. (1921)
• Rebuilding the walls. (1922)
• The Sword of Goliath. (1926)
• The New Prayer Book: An Address. (1927)
• Some world problems. (1927)
• Holiday Recollections of a World Tour. (1928)
• Why Am I a Christian? (1929)
• Good News from God. (1930)
• Has the Kingdom of God Arrived? (1935)
• Nine Christian Values. (1935)
• What the Cross Means to Me. (1935)
• God and You. (1936)
• Everyman's Problems and Difficulties. (1937)
• The Secrets of Happiness. (1939)
• Fifty Years' Work in London. (1940)
• A Second Day of God. (1940)
• The Secrets of Fortitude. (1941)

Web links

Commons : Arthur Winnington-Ingram  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

• Article on Arthur Winnington-Ingram in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
• Entry on Project Canterbury

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} The London Gazette  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.   , April 20, 1915
2. ^ Melville Henry Massue : The Plantagenet roll of the blood royal; being a complete table of all the descendants now living of Edward III, King of England (page 596, 1905)
3. ^ ^{A b} John Venn, JA Venn [eds.]: Alumni Cantabrigienses: A Biographical List of All Known Students, Graduates and Holders of Office at the University of Cambridge. From the earliest Time to 1900. Volume 2: From 1752 to 1900. Part 3: Gabb - Justamond (2011)
4. ↑ Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (1995)
5. ^ William Matthews: British Autobiographies: An Annotated Bibliography of British Autobiographies Published Or Written Before 1951 (1984)

predecessor	Office	successor
Forrest Browne	Bishop of Stepney 1897–1901	Cosmo Gordon Lang
Almond Creighton	Bishop of London 1901–1939	Geoffrey Fisher