Biesowice
| Biesowice | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Slupsk | ||
| Gmina : | Kępice | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 12 ' N , 16 ° 53' E | ||
| Residents : | 950 (2006) | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 59 | ||
| License plate : | GSL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Rail route : | Piła – Ustka railway line | ||
| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
Biesowice [ bʲɛsɔˈvʲit͡sɛ ] ( German Beßwitz ) is a village in the Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland . It belongs to the Gmina Kępice (Hammermühle municipality) in the Powiat Słupski (Stolper Kreis) .
Geographical location
The village is located in Western Pomerania , about 23 kilometers southeast of Sławno ( Schlawe ), is crossed by the Wipper ( Wieprza ) river and has its own train station on the Słupsk - Miastko - Szczecinek ( Stolp - Rummelsburg - Neustettin ) railway line.
history
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The place was first mentioned in 1480 as an ancient fief of the von Zitzewitz family . In the 19th century, the Beßwitz estate with the associated farms covered an area of 15,000 Magdeburg acres with significant forests on the Wipper and Stüdnitz rivers . During the Thirty Years War , Beßwitz was badly hit, so that in 1655 there were only 16 farmers left. In 1784, however, 17 farms, a blacksmith and a jug were again active. There was also a schoolmaster in the village. The estate included a whiteboard glass factory founded in 1863 , a grinding and cutting mill , a brick factory and a lime distillery .
When the Prussian district division was introduced in 1815, Beßwitz came to the Schlawe district in Pomerania , but was assigned to the Rummelsburg district as part of a border change on February 8, 1878 .
The Beßwitz church was consecrated in 1891. With the opening of the Neustettin - Stolp railway line in 1878, Beßwitz had its own station. In 1897, a power station went into operation near Beßwitz, which was later developed into a hydroelectric power station. In 1910 the village of Beßwitz had 156 and the estate 464 inhabitants, in 1939 a total of 465 inhabitants were determined.
The best-known representatives of the estate family included the abbot of Huysburg Nicolaus von Zitzewitz (* 1634 at Gut Beßwitz), Ernst von Zitzewitz , Prussian colonel and politician († August 15, 1899 at Gut Beßwitz), and Franz von Zitzewitz, major from 1825 to 1842 in the Prussian Guard Dragoon Regiment.
Until 1945 Beßwitz formed a rural community in the Rummelsburg district of the Prussian province of Pomerania . In addition to Beßwitz, the community also included Bauerpöppeln , Beßwitzer Glashütte , Beßwitzer Mühle , Forsthaus Seehof , Johannishof and Vorwerk Seehof .
Towards the end of the Second World War , the Red Army occupied the region in the spring of 1945 . Soon afterwards, Eastern Pomerania was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet Union . Afterwards, Polish civilians began to immigrate to Beßwitz. Beßwitz received the Polish name Biesowice . As far as the villagers had not fled, they were in the period that followed sold .
In the years 1975 to 1998 the place was administratively part of the Slupsk Voivodeship .
Population development
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1833 | 197 | in 21 houses |
| 1933 | 490 | |
| 1939 | 465 |
church
Before 1945 Beßwitz had only Protestant residents and belonged to the church district Schlawe in the church province of Pomerania of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . The last German clergyman was Pastor Bernhard Gensch , who lived in Beßwitz from October 1, 1941 to June 23, 1946.
Personalities born in the place
- Nikolaus von Zitzewitz (1634–1704), converted to Catholicism and became abbot of the Benedictine monastery in Huysburg and diplomat of the Prince-Bishop of Münster
literature
- Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Vor and Hinter Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2: Description of the court district of the Royal. State colleges in Cößlin belonging to the Eastern Pomeranian districts . Stettin 1784, p. 785, no. 5. , and pp. 866-867, no. 4.
Web links
- http://www.studienstelleog.de/download/RUM-ORT3.pdf (PDF file; 297 kB)
- Material on Gut Beßwitz in the Duncker Collection (PDF file; 299 kB)
Footnotes
- ^ Municipality of Beßwitz in the Pomeranian information system.
- ↑ Handbook to the Atlas of Prussia in 27 maps . Second half, Volume 1, Erfurt 1835, p. 234.
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. rummelsburg.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).