Bernhard I (Baden)

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Margrave Bernhard I.

Margrave Bernhard I of Baden (* 1364 ; † April 5, 1431 in Baden-Baden ), ruled the margraviate of Baden from 1372 to 1431.

history

Bernhard was the son of Margrave Rudolf VI. († March 21, 1372) and Matilde von Sponheim († November 1, 1410).

He and his brother Rudolf VII signed an inheritance contract in 1380 when they were of age, according to which the margraviate could only be divided into a maximum of two parts as a male. Rudolf VII then received the southern areas from Ettlingen via Rastatt to Baden-Baden , he himself the areas around Durlach and Pforzheim .

Bernhard had his headquarters at Hohenbaden Castle , high above the thermal baths of the city of Baden . During his reign he expanded the castle to include the Gothic lower castle and led the branch line of the Margraves of Baden-Hachberg back into the main line.

Bernhard I, who ruled for more than 50 years, gave Baden a new, tight administration; through an official constitution he created a law firm with lawyers and trained clerks, headed by a chancellor. During his time he led many disputes with the cities of Strasbourg , Speyer and with King Ruprecht , against whom he also joined the Marbacher Bund . He was in conflict with the towns of Breisgau and Alsace because of excessive tariffs, and he resisted robbery and looting. In 1402 and 1403 he led a feud with the Lords of Schauenburg .

Under the mediation of King Sigismund , who it temporarily with the bailiwick had invested Breisgau, there was a short peace. For 80,000 guilders he acquired the rule of Hachberg and some areas in the Oberland in 1415 . In 1425 he secured an entitlement to the county of Sponheim an der Nahe .

His successor Jakob I expanded the castle into a palace with over 100 very representative rooms.

Marriage and offspring

Bernhard I of Baden married Margarete von Hohenberg († February 26, 1419) in his first marriage in 1384 . The marriage, which was divorced in 1393, had no children, Margarete then married Count Hermann von Sulz and had three children with him:

In his second marriage, he married Anna von Oettingen on September 15, 1397 (* around 1380; † November 9, 1436). The following children were born from this marriage:

  1. ⚭ June 2, 1432, Count Gerhard VII of Holstein-Schauenburg (* 1404; † July 24, 1433 )
  2. got engaged to Hans von Hewen († after 1467) in 1434
  • Ursula (* October 24, 1409; † March 24, 1429)
  1. ⚭ 1422 Count Gottfried IX. von Ziegenhain († March 9, 1425)
  2. ⚭ 1426 Duke Ulrich II of Teck († 1432)
  • Bernhard (* 1412; † 1424)
  • Brigitte (* 1416; † after July 24, 1441), nun
  • Rudolf (* 1417; † 1424)

and the following illegitimate children:

Bernhard's bones are buried in the collegiate church in Baden-Baden.

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Bernhard I. von Baden  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
predecessor Office successor
Rudolf VI. Margrave of Baden
until 1391 together with Rudolf VII.
1372–1431 		Jacob I.
personal data
SURNAME Bernhard I.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bernhard I of Baden
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Margrave of Baden (1372–1431)
DATE OF BIRTH 1364
DATE OF DEATH April 5, 1431
Place of death Baden-Baden