Bernhard Sigmund Schultze

Bernhard Sigmund Schultze

Bernhard Sigmund Schultze , from 1912 Schultze-Jena , (born December 29, 1827 in Freiburg im Breisgau , † April 17, 1919 in Jena ) was a German gynecologist and obstetrician .

Life

Grave of Bernhard Sigmund Schultze-Jena in the north cemetery in Jena

Schultze was the son of Karl August Sigismund Schultze (1795–1877), a doctor and professor of anatomy and physiology . He came from a family of scholars and officials. His brother Max Johann Sigismund Schultze (1825–1874) was an anatomist and zoologist . The brothers August Sigismund Schultze and Richard Sigismund Schultze were lawyers. His nephew, Oskar Max Sigismund Schultze, was, like his father Max Johann Sigismund, an anatomist and professor for the subject at the University of Würzburg .

Bernhard Schultze studied at the Universities of Greifswald and Berlin , where he worked as a sub-assistant at the surgical clinic under Bernhard von Langenbeck in 1851 . Schultze was 1851 at the University of Greifswald with the dissertation : De adipis genesi pathologica. PhD . He passed the state examination from 1851 to 1852 in Berlin.

In 1853 he was in Greifswald for anatomy and physiology habilitation and received the title of lecturer . However, Schultze felt more drawn to practical medicine. In 1854 he became an assistant at the University Women's Clinic in Berlin under Dietrich Wilhelm Heinrich Busch . In 1856 he was habilitated there in the field of gynecology and lectured in obstetrics and gynecological diseases. When Eduard Arnold Martin was appointed to Berlin in 1858 after Busch's death , he followed the call to the Jena University Women's Clinic as his successor . In the winter semester of 1864/65 Bernhard Sigmund Schultze was rector of the University of Jena .

In 1865 he was elected a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina .

In 1903 he retired from academic teaching without his student Felix Skutsch being able to succeed him. On March 27, 1903, he was appointed to the Real Privy Council on this occasion and he was given honorary citizenship of the city of Jena . In 1912 he and his family were given the addition of "Jena" to their name by the Jena University as a sign of their honor, after which the entire family was called Schultze-Jena.

family

Schultze married the 21-year-old noblewoman Auguste Wilhelmine Karoline, nee Freiin von und zu Egloffstein (1850-1934), the daughter of the Jena Higher Regional Court President Julius von Egloffstein . Her eldest son Leonhard Schultze-Jena became a well-known zoologist and anthropologist in Marburg . The death of her second son, the lawyer Hans Schultze-Jena (1874-1914), who worked as the Imperial District Administrator in Outjo in German South West Africa , triggered the battle for Naulila and the Portuguese-German border war in Angola at the beginning of the First World War . The third son Kurt Schultze-Jena (1876–1960) became, like his father, a well-known physician; from 1909 to 1915 he worked as a teacher at the German medical school in Shanghai and from 1919 worked as a surgeon in Weimar .

meaning

Bernhard Sigmund Schultze earned special merit through his work on gynecological examination methods , resuscitation of asphyctic newborns, the treatment of uterine diseases and midwifery . Gustav Döderlein , himself professor in Jena from 1946 to 1959 , described Schultze as a reformer of obstetrics and the founder of modern gynecology.

In his work On the Abnormal Duplicity of the Axial Organs, Schultze was the first to describe the fact that the uterus arises from two systems during the embryonic period . The method of resuscitation of newborns using swinging, first published by him in 1866, was considered very successful at the time.

Some of Schultze's writings are part of the collection of the archive of the Academy of Charitable Sciences in Erfurt .

Fonts (selection)

• About the abnormal duplicity of the ax organs. Virchow's Archive VII
• The umbilical vesicle, a constant structure in the afterbirth of the born child . W. Engelmann, Leipzig 1861 ( limited preview in Google book search).
• A caesarean section . Schreiber, 1862 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
• The apparent death of newborns . Mauke, 1871 ( limited preview in Google book search).
• About twin pregnancy. Volkmann's collection clin. Lecture, Breitkopf and Härtel, Leipzig, 1872
• About the changes in the position of the uterus. Volkmann's collection clin. Lecture, Breitkopf and Härtel, Leipzig, 1873
• To clarify the indications for the treatment of the ante, retroversion and flexion of the uterus. Volkmann's collection clin. Lecture, Breitkopf and Härtel, Leipzig, 1879
• Our midwifery and childbed fever. Volkmann's collection clin. Lecture, Breitkopf and Härtel, Leipzig, 1884
• Midwifery textbook . W. Engelmann, Leipzig 1860 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
• For the treatment of stubborn retroflexion of the uterus. Clin. Lecture, Breitkopf and Härtel, Leipzig, 1891
• Our midwifery and reform plans. Volkmann's collection clin. Lecture, Breitkopf and Härtel, Leipzig, 1903
• Axial rotation (cervical torsion) of the myomatous uterus. Volkmann's collection clin. Lecture, Breitkopf and Härtel, Leipzig, 1906
• About the apparent death of newborns and resuscitation of seemingly dead born children. JA Barth, Leipzig, 1918

See also

• List of the rectors of the Friedrich Schiller University Jena

literature

• Julius Pagel : Biographical lexicon of outstanding doctors of the nineteenth century. Verlag Urban and Schwarzenberg, Berlin / Vienna 1901, 1551–1553, ( online )
• Gustav Döderlein : Bernhard Sigmund Schultze-Jena, 1827-1919. Obstetrician reformer and founder of modern gynecology. In: WZUJ, MNR 1957/58, pp. 149-153
• Max Henkel : Bernhard Sigmund Schultze. In: Arch Gynecol Obstet , 111 (1919), III-XX, doi: 10.1007 / BF01759655
• Lutz Hempel: Bernhard Sigmund Schultze: Life and Work. Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Dissertation A, 1990
• Werner Buchholz (Ed.): The University of Greifswald and the German university landscape in the 19th and 20th centuries . Colloquium of the Chair of Pomeranian History at the University of Greifswald in conjunction with the Society for University and Scientific History. Franz Steiner Verlag, 2004, ISBN 3-515-08475-4 ( limited preview in Google book search).
• Honorary graves by the city of Jena. (PDF; 107 kB)
• History of the archives of the academy of non-profit science in Erfurt

Web links

Commons : Bernhard Sigmund Schultze  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature by and about Bernhard Sigmund Schultze in the catalog of the German National Library
• Literature about Bernhard Sigmund Schultze in the state bibliography MV

Individual evidence

1. ^ Thomas Pester: The Rectors / Vice Rectors of the University of Jena 1548 / 49-2008. ( Memento of the original from June 3, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 890 kB). 
2. ^ Member entry by Bernhard Schultze at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on June 25, 2016.
3. ↑ Hans Schultze-Jena in the Kiel directory of scholars , accessed June 1, 2017.
4. ^ Christiane Weber: A physician full of drive. In: Thüringische Landeszeitung , March 22, 2003, p. WE 5 (biographical-architectural-historical article with photo from the series "Villas in Weimar") baukultur-thueringen.de ( Memento of the original from April 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 1.3 MB).