Bing oil

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Bingöl (disambiguation) .

Bing oil
Martyrs memorial in Bingöl
Basic data
Province (il) :	Bing oil
Coordinates :	38 ° 53 '  N , 40 ° 30'  E Coordinates: 38 ° 53 '10 "  N , 40 ° 30' 6"  E
Height :	1151  m
Residents :	125,375 (2020)
Telephone code :	(+90) 426
Postal code :	12,000
License plate :	12th
Structure and administration (as of: 2021)
Structure :	15 Mahalle
Mayor :	Erdal Arıkan ( AKP )
Website:	www.bingol.bel.tr
Bingöl district
Residents :	165,867 (2020)
Surface:	1,814 km²
Population density :	91 inhabitants per km²

Bingöl ( Kurdish Çewlig , Zazaisch Çolig , Armenian Ճապաղջուր Tschapaghdschur ) is a city in Turkey and at the same time the provincial capital of the Bingöl province of the same name . The name of the district is also Bingöl. The city lies on a plain on the Sağyer brook , which flows over the Murat into the Euphrates . The district is the largest in the province in terms of area (approx. 23%) and population (58.8%). It is also the only district with a population density (91.4 inh. Per km²) above the provincial average.

history

The history of the city goes back a long way, it came under the rule of different empires with its region. The city and region were part of the Urartu Empire . The Assyrian king Ashurbanipal conquered Bingöl in 660 BC. In the 7th century BC Bingöl became part of the first Persian empire . The Persians were replaced by the Seleucids . 60 BC The Romans conquered the area from the Arsacids . In 395 Bingöl became part of the Byzantine Empire , which ruled here intermittently until the Arabs invaded in 651.

After the Islamization of the region, Turkish beyliks established themselves in the 13th century . One of these were the Rum Seljuks , who ingested Bingöl in 1230. In 1243 the Ilkhans conquered the area after defeating the Rum Seljuks. The Ilkhan were followed by the Aq Qoyunlu and the Safavids . The Safavids were defeated by the Ottomans in 1515 . In 1844 the city of Bingöl became an administrative center within the Palu County under the name Çewlik . But a year later, Bingöl was attached to the province of Erzurum. In 1848, on the occasion of an administrative reform of another province, this time Diyarbakır, Bingöl was struck. Bingöl remained Ottoman until World War I , but came under Russian occupation in June 1916. The Russians withdrew in 1917. Bingöl became part of Turkey as part of the Vilâyets Genç . In the early years of the Turkish Republic, Bingöl was in the area of ​​the Kurdish uprisings, e.g. B. the Sheikh Said uprising in 1925. Bingöl became provincial capital and Genç district capital by law in January 1936.

Bingöl has been repeatedly hit by major earthquakes. A large part of the city was destroyed in a quake on May 22, 1971, killing several hundred people. In response, stricter building regulations for earthquake-proof construction were issued in Turkey . A quake on May 1, 2003 killed 176 people and damaged numerous buildings.

etymology

The city was called Çapakçur until 1950 . This name has been known since the 4th century and is likely of Armenian origin. The Armenian name is derived from a stream that flows into the Murat. According to another popular explanation among Evliya Çelebi , the name comes from Alexander the Great , who was cured of an illness by the waters of the river in this place. He then called the place in the Macedonian language (near Çelebi Makdis lisanı ) Water of Paradise. In Islamic sources of the Middle Ages, Çapakçur is also called Jabal Jur , which was explained by folk etymology with Jabal for mountain and Jur for flowing. The other traditional name Çewlik / Çolig refers to a field or garden by a river.

geography

geology

The city of Bingöl is surrounded by mountains with glaciers. Geologically, Bingöl is located in an earthquake area. Severe earthquakes occurred on May 22, 1971 with up to 800 deaths and on May 1, 2003. The magnitude of the 2003 quake was 6.4 on the Richter scale . 180 people died.
The city of Bingöl is the largest in the province and is home to 73.4 percent of the district's population (as of the end of 2018). It is divided into 15 districts ( Mahalle ), of which Kültür is the largest with 18,214 inhabitants

The district is next to the district center of two other communities ( Belediye ): Ilıcalar (3036) and Sancak (2449 inhab.). There are also 88 villages ( Köy ), the villages have an average population of 398 inhabitants. 30 villages have more inhabitants than this average. The ten largest villages by population are:

• Çavuşlar (Kurd. Perhengok Jor) (2330 pop.)
• Sarıçiçek (Kurd. Tarbasan) (1972 pop.)
• Ekinyolu (Kurd. Sîmsor) (1440 pop.)
• Yenibaşlar (Kurd. Alikrak) (1393 pop.)
• Güveçli (Kurd. Welan) (1291 pop.)
• Çeltiksuyu (Kurd. Madrag) (1241 pop.)
• Sudüğünü (Kurd. Şîrnan) (1232 pop.)
• Ağaçeli (Kurd. Perhengok Jêr) (1141 pop.)
• Göltepesi (Kurd. Çan) (1073 pop.)
• Aşağıakpınar (Kurd. Wusifan) (1081 pop.)

Climate table

Bingöl (1139 m)
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     124   2 -6     141   3 -5     133   9 0     114   17th 6th     79   23 10     21   29 15th     7th   35 19th     5.1   35 19th     12th   30th 14th     71   21 8th     116   13th 2     131   5 -3 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: State Meteorological Office of the Turkish Republic, normal period 1981-2010

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for bing oil (1139 m) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 1.8 3.1 9.1 16.5 22.7 29.4 34.7 34.7 29.8 21.4 12.9 4.7 O 18.5 Min. Temperature (° C) −6.0 −5.3 −0.4 5.7 10.0 14.6 18.9 18.6 13.5 8.3 2.1 −3.0 O 6.5 Temperature (° C) −2.5 −1.6 3.8 10.7 16.2 22.1 26.6 26.2 21.0 14.0 6.3 0.4 O 12th Precipitation ( mm ) 124.0 141.1 133.3 113.5 79.2 20.6 7.0 5.1 11.8 71.0 115.8 130.9 Σ 953.3 Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 3.2 4.2 5.0 5.4 7.4 9.4 10.0 9.3 8.3 6.2 4.3 3.6 O 6.4 Rainy days ( d ) 12.1 12.5 13.9 14.9 14.1 5.9 1.9 1.8 2.7 8.9 9.6 12.5 Σ 110.8 Source: State Meteorological Office of the Turkish Republic, normal period 1981-2010

population

Population development

The following table shows the comparative population level at the end of the year for the province, the central district and the city of Bingöl as well as the respective share at the higher administrative level. The figures are based on the address-based population register (ADNKS) introduced in 2007.

year	province	district		city
	Section.	%	Section.	%	Section.
2020	281,768	58.87	165,867	75.59	125,375
2019	279.812	58.91	164,835	75.20	123,958
2018	281.205	56.96	160.165	73.40	117,556
2017	273.354	57.77	157.921	74.10	117.014
2016	269,560	56.76	153.011	72.78	111.364
2015	267.184	56.38	150,626	71.88	108,267
2014	266.019	55.29	147.087	70.33	103,441
2013	265,514	54.09	143,624	69.11	99,260
2012	262.507	54.27	142,455	69.09	98,424
2011	262.263	53.67	140.753	67.97	95,669
2010	255.170	52.48	133.916	65.65	87,918
2009	255.745	52.73	134,854	66.16	89,224
2008	256.091	51.41	131,666	65.40	86.113
2007	251,552	51.63	129,885	66.61	86,511

Urban development

The following table provides information on the development of the population of the city (Şehir), district (İlçe) and province (İl) Bingöl. The figures were taken from the results of the censuses published as PDF files for the specified years, available from the TURKSTAT library (TÜİK)

year	2000	1990	1985	1980	1975	1970	1965	1960	1955	1950	1945	1940	1935
city	68,876	41,590	34,024	28,146	22,047	17,220	11,727	8,526	6,866	3,877	1,616	1,418	337
district	116.411	95,445	86,988	75,520	64,810	53,808	43,883	36,190	30.096	24,430	16,429	15.214	5,345
province	253,739	250,966	241,548	228,702	210,804	177,951	150,521	131,634	113,341	97,328	75,510	70.184	- *

* As part of the Muş Province

education

The state Bingöl University ( Turkish Bingöl Üniversitesi ) is located in Bingöl .

Infrastructure

Bingöl Airport was opened in 2013 . The airport is only used for domestic flights from Istanbul and Ankara and is twenty kilometers southwest of the city center.

Web links

Commons : Bingöl  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• City history
• Facebook: Bingöl
• E-Belediye

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Türkiye Nüfusu İl ilçe Mahalle Köy Nüfusları , accessed on March 6, 2021
2. ↑ İsrafil Karataş: 1971 Bingöl Depremi In: History Studies. International Journal of History . Volume 12, issue October 5, 2020, ISSN  1309-4173 , pp. 2797–2820, doi: 10.9737 / hist.2020.943 (Turkish).
3. ↑ Japan Society of Civil Engineers (ed.): The Bingol Earthquake of May 1, 2003. (PDF, 4.17 MB): jsce.or.jp . July 2003, accessed May 22, 2021
4. ↑ Sevan Nişanyan: Adini unutan Ülke. Türkiye'de Adı Değiştirilen Yerler Sözlüğü , Istanbul 2010, p. 66
5. ↑ Bilge Umar: Türkiye'deki Tarihsel Adlar , Istanbul 1993, p. 186
6. ↑ Evliya Çelebi: Seyahatname III , 1648
7. ↑ Bilgehan Pamuk: XIX. Yüzyılda Çapakçur ve Yöresinde Ekonomik Faaliyetler: Madencilik ve Yaygın İş Kolları / The Economical Activities of Çapakcur (Bingöl) and Its Region in The 19th Century: Mining and Common Job Branches , 2011, p. 105
8. ↑ Central Dissemination System / Merkezi Dağıtım Sistemi (MEDAS) of the TÜIK , accessed on May 18, 2019
9. ↑ Library of TÜİK