Birkenfeld (Maroldsweisach)

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Birch field
Coordinates: 50 ° 11 ′ 40 ″  N , 10 ° 36 ′ 46 ″  E
Height : 331 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 133  (2008)
Incorporation : July 1, 1973
Incorporated into: Ermershausen
Postal code : 96126
Area code : 09532
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Birkenfeld is a district of the Lower Franconian market Maroldsweisach in the Haßberge district .

geography

The former market is located in the northeastern part of the Haßberge district on the Ermetzbach, a 7.8 km long tributary to the left of the Baunach . The state road 2284 runs through Birkenfeld, which leads from Hofheim in Lower Franconia over the Eichelsdorfer Steige to Ermershausen , where it joins the federal road 279 .

history

Franconian settlers founded the place in a border area of ​​the Franks, Thuringians and Wends . The place name indicates a field formerly covered with birch trees. The first written mention as "Pirchinafeldono" comes from the year 814, when a certain Reginold donated his possessions in Birkenfeld to the Fulda monastery. In 860 Count Erpho, later the Lords of Wildburg, was named as the owner of the Henneberg fief Birkenfeld. In the 15th century the Zollner von Rottenstein became the village lords.

In 1492 Johann Conrad von Hutten , bailiff of Arnstein and Schmalkalden , acquired the manor Birkenfeld with the farms of Ueschersdorf and Obersulzbach, which can be traced back to 1678. In 1625 the Lords of Hutten belonged addition of centering in Blitzenhauk and Winhausen. During the Thirty Years' War , Veit Ludwig von Hutten saved the village and castle from destruction with letters of protection. In 1783, with Johann Philipp Friedrich von Hutten, the male line of succession expired. The sister Juliane Charlotte Voit von Salzburg inherited the free property and bequeathed it to her first-born daughter Frederike Sophie Wihelmine von Fitzgerald. From this, the goods in Birkenfeld fell to the eldest daughter Friederike Juliane Marianne, who was married to the Württemberg State Minister Karl Ludwig Georg von Wöllwarth -Lauterburg. The daughter Julie von Woellwarth-Lauternburg married Franz Carl Rudolf von Ortenburg in 1841 . Since then, the manorial properties in Birkenfeld, Ermershausen and Dippach have been owned by the House of Ortenburg.

In 1862 Birkenfeld was incorporated into the newly created Bavarian district office of Königshofen . The rural community consisted of the market Birkenfeld and the wastelands Brettermühle, Neumühle, Winhausen and Ziegelhütte. In 1871 the main town had 271 residents and 132 residential buildings. Zielhütte was inserted in 1895. In 1900 the rural community was assigned to the newly founded District Office Hofheim . The 823 hectare rural parish had 260 residents, 252 of whom were Catholic, and 51 residential buildings. The market had 241 residents and 48 residential buildings. The Protestant parish was united with Ermershausen . The Catholics belonged to the district of the Catholic parish in Bundorf, 8 kilometers away . In 1925 there were 210 people in 50 residential buildings. The board mill was demolished in 1926.

In 1950 there were 48 residential buildings with 289 inhabitants in the village. In 1961 the community with its three towns, the market and the two wastelands Neumühle and Winhausen, had a total of 222 inhabitants. In 1970 Birkenfeld had 192 and 1987 127 inhabitants as well as 41 houses with 43 apartments. On July 1, 1972, the Hofheim district was dissolved and Birkenfeld came to the Haßberg district. On July 1, 1973, the community was incorporated into Ermershausen and on January 1, 1978, it was incorporated into Maroldsweisach.

Until 1973, Birkenfeld was one of the smallest market towns in Bavaria. The right to hold a market already existed in the 18th century. No market has been held since 1929. A new application was not made, so the designation as a market became extinct in the following decades.

Attractions

A moated castle with an almost square core castle was built in 1494 by Johann Conrad von Hutten. In 1738, Johann Philipp Friedrich von Hutten, margravial chamberlain and judicial councilor, had the building demolished and rebuilt according to the plans of the margravial agricultural inspector Johann David Steingruber . The mayor of Ebern , Johann Georg Danzer, was responsible for the masonry and stone masonry work . Johann Ender from Ebern did the carpentry work. Construction work lasted until around 1753. The manor house was built in the Rococo style as a three-storey corps de logis with a hipped roof , a gabled central risalit and sandstone stone elements . In the 19th century, the Counts of Ortenburg inherited the complex, which is still in their possession today.

The Evangelical Lutheran parish church goes back to a house of worship that knight Bernhard von Hutten had built between 1520 and 1539 after the introduction of the Reformation . A comprehensive renovation was completed in 1700 and a radical change in the interior of the church followed in 1843. In 1887, the parish commissioned the construction of today's church for 13,000 marks as a rectangular hall in the neo-Romanesque style with a saddle roof and a slender tower with a pyramid roof. With the new building, a new organ was also installed. Four bells have been hanging in the church tower since 1957. Birkenfeld originally belonged to the original parish of Pfarrweisach , from 1232 at the latest to the district of Ermershausen. In 1520 Birkenfeld became an independent parish. Neumühle, Winhausen, Blitzenhauk, Obersulzbach, Ziegelhütte and the Brettermühle as well as Dippach were included. Since 1821 Birkenfeld has been a branch of Ermershausen again.

The first school was established in 1580. The schoolhouse is said to have stood by the industrial garden. In 1807 a new school building was built. It was a single-storey, gable-independent half-timbered building over a high basement base with a half-hipped mansard roof. In 1911 the third schoolhouse followed on the site of the poor house on Steinweg. The one-class elementary school was closed in 1972.

A total of five architectural monuments are listed in the Bavarian list of monuments .

Web links

Commons : Birkenfeld  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Werner Schmiedel: Districts Ebern and Hofheim . Historical book of place names of Bavaria. Lower Franconia. Volume 2: Districts of Ebern and Hofheim. Commission for Bavarian State History, Munich 1973, ISBN 3-7696-9872-X . P. 64.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Fritz Klemm: Around the Zeilberg: Maroldsweisach market with all districts . Maroldsweisach 1988, p. 67 f.
  3. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1333 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ).
  4. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1331 ( digitized version ).
  5. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1365 ( digitized version ).
  6. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1197 ( digitized version ).
  7. ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 875 ( digitized version ).
  8. ^ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 186 ( digitized version ).
  9. ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 362 ( digitized version ).