Boppard Empire
The Boppard Empire was a medieval community that lasted from the 5th century to the Electoral Trier period.
history
In the 5th century, the former Roman fort Boppard became a Merovingian royal seat, to which not only the fiscal district but also the wider area belonged, especially the huge Hunsrück groves . The Boppard Empire is thus considered to be a continuous continuation of the Roman state treasury to the Franconian-German crown estate .
Boppard is first mentioned as the royal treasury in 814. The documentary appearance only in the Carolingian period may be related to the fact that under the Merovingians, the political life of the Franconian Empire essentially took place between Paris and Soissons and that the “Carolingian core landscape” developed from the “Merovingian peripheral landscape”. Since the beginning of the 9th century, the treasury has belonged to the official area ( ducatus ) of the old Franconian ducal dynasty of the Conradines , which in 810 at the latest with Count Udo von Orléans as dukes in Rhine Franconia, Hesse and Saxony (castellum Hobuki ad Elbe) under the Franconian nobility ( primates Francorum) emerged and with King Konrad I (911–918) replaced the East Franconian Carolingians in the later Roman-German kingship. Under the sovereignty ( procuratores regis ) of the Conradin dukes , a royal administration (Aulicus regia ), presumably already in existence in the time of the Merovingian royal seat, was revived in Boppard , which was then probably carried out by Duke Conrad the Elder († 906) and his son of the same name (the later king Konrad I) was united with the St. Serverus Abbey in Weilburg , St. Goar and Koblenz . Ferdinand Pauly ("The Archdiocese of Trier") was able to prove that during the tenure of the (Konradin) Bishop Burchard von Worms (1000-1025) The interventions in favor of the St. Serverus-Stifts can be traced back to the founding of King Konrad I, who already as Count (around 901) and Duke (906 dux Francorum) - as the royal governor appointed by his father (the imperial regent) ( procurator regis) - and then, as the German king, transferred it to his own ( St. Walburgis ) foundation in Weilburg.
For a long time, the importance of the Boppard Treasury was in the agricultural sector, especially in viticulture (see also Boppard Hamm ). During the Salier period , the Rhine and Boppard became important for trade and traffic. Under Emperor Heinrich IV , the city received market rights and a duty, it had already been a mint under the Merovingians. Under the Hohenstaufen the Boppard and Oberwesel tax authorities formed a unit, which became the Middle Rhine Procuration in the middle of the 13th century . Now the tax authorities were given a predominantly military character; they primarily served to control the Rhine-Moselle triangle. During this time, Emperor Barbarossa founded the Peternach Monastery, later Jakobsbergerhof . From this heyday of Boppard comes the city seal from 1236, which Boppard proudly calls the free city of the empire .
In 1312, King Heinrich VII pledged the Boppard and Oberwesel treasuries to his brother Baldwin of Luxembourg , the Archbishop of Trier , for the help he had given on his journey to Rome. The Boppard Customs, reserved for the Reich , as well as the mint and the jurisdiction in most places of the Boppard Empire were transferred to him. With this, almost the entire area of the Boppard Treasury was subject to the sovereignty of the Archbishopric. Although the citizens resisted, the city surrendered in 1327. Although the citizens, at the head of the nobility, tried to regain the former imperial immediacy , all attempts were unsuccessful. The last attempt took place in 1497. It became known as the Boppard War .
expansion
Originally the southern border of the Boppard Empire was formed by the Gründelbach near St. Goar , later it only reached as far as the Weilerbach when the Salians founded the Hirzenach Provostry . The border then ran west of Wellmich along the Reichelsteinbach to about Büchelborn , turned west and followed the Dinkholderbach to its confluence with the Rhine opposite Spay . Up to the mouth of the Tauberbach north of Brey , the Rhine was the border. The Tauberbach bordered the Rhens in the Electorate of Cologne . The western border was not formed by the Moselle , but a line on the heights sloping down to the Moselle. Later this limit was no longer maintained either. In addition to the imperial city of Boppard, the expansion also included the villages of Brey, Ober- and Niederspay, Salzig and Kestert , Prath , Camp , Bornhofen and Filsen on the right bank of the Rhine .
literature
- Franz-Werner Witte: The parish of Niederspay. Marienberg 1957.