Brachylaena

Brachylaena
	Brachylaena rotundata
Systematics
	Euasterids II
Order :	Astern-like (Asterales)
Family :	Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily :	Carduoideae
Tribe :	Tarchonantheae
Genre :	Brachylaena
Scientific name
	Brachylaena
	R.Br.

Brachylaena is a genus within the family of the daisy family (Asteraceae). The 14 to 15 species are common in Madagascar and mainland Africa.

description

Branches with simple leaves of Brachylaena discolor

Brachylaena uniflora leaves

Flower heads of Brachylaena neriifolia

Vegetative characteristics

Brachylaena species grow as trees or shrubs .

The alternate is arranged on the branches of deciduous leaves are simple. The leaf blades are always hairy woolly.

Generative characteristics

The Brachylaena species are dioecious separate sexes ( diocesan ). The cup-shaped partial inflorescences stand together in panic , racemose or tufted total inflorescences . The bracts overlap like roof tiles. There are no chaff leaves. The flower heads contain only flowers of one sex. The male flower heads are smaller than the female ones. Reduced gynoeceum is present in male flowers , but there are no reduced stamens in female.

The almost cylindrical, spindle-shaped achenes are roughly eight-ribbed and more or less hairy. The pappus consists of one or more rows of bearded pappus bristles.

Systematics and distribution

The genus Brachylaena was called Compositae in Transactions of the Linnean Society of London in 1817 by Robert Brown in Observations on the Natural Family of Plants . London , Volume 12, p. 115. Synonyms of Brachylaena R.Br. are: Oligocarpha Cass. , Synchodendron Bojer ex DC.

The genus brachylaena belongs to the tribe Tarchonantheae in the subfamily of Carduoideae within the family of the Asteraceae .

Five species are found in Madagascar . One variety is endemic to the Comoros . The other ten or so species occur on the African mainland, with only Brachylaena huillensis being widespread.

Whole inflorescence of Brachylaena neriifolia

Habit of Brachylaena transvaalensis

The genus Brachylaena contains 14 to 15 species.

Brachylaena discolor DC. (Syn .: Brachylaena natalensis Sch.Bip. , Brachylaena discolor DC. Subsp. Discolor , Brachylaena discolor DC. Subsp. Discolor var. Discolor , Brachylaena discolor subsp. Discolor var. Mossambicensis Paiva ): It occurs in southern Africa from Mozambique to the South African provinces of Eastern Cape , KwaZulu-Natal , Limpopo and Mpumalanga .
Brachylaena elliptica ( Thunb. ) Less. (Syn .: Brachylaena dentata DC. , Brachylaena elliptica var. Salicina (DC.) Harv. ): It occurs only in the South African provinces of Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal .
Brachylaena glabra ( L. f. ) Druce (Syn .: Brachylaena dentata (Thunb.) Harv. , Brachylaena grandifolia DC. ): It occurs only in the South African provinces of Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal.
Brachylaena huillensis O. Hoffm. : It iswidespreadin tropical East Africa and southern Africa .
Brachylaena ilicifolia ( Lam. ) E. Phillips & Schweick. : It occurs in southern Africa.
Brachylaena merana ( Baker ) O. Hoffm . (Syn .: Brachylaena coriifolia (Baker) Humbert ): It iswidespreadin Madagascar in the provinces of Antananarivo , Antsiranana , Fianarantsoa , Mahajanga , Toamasina and Toliara .

Brachylaena microphylla Humbert : It occurs in Madagascar only in the provinces of Fianarantsoa and Toliara.

Brachylaena neriifolia ( L. ) R.Br. : It occurs in the South African provinces of the North , Eastern and Western Cape .

Brachylaena perrieri ( Drake ) Humbert : It is distributed in Madagascar in the provinces of Antsiranana, Fianarantsoa, Mahajanga and Toliara.

Brachylaena ramiflora (DC.) Humbert : There are three varieties. Two varieties occur in Madagascar in the provinces of Antananarivo, Antsiranana, Fianarantsoa, Mahajanga, Toamasina and Toliara. Brachylaena ramiflora var. Comorensis is endemic to the Comoros .

Brachylaena rotundata S.Moore (Syn .: Brachylaena rhodesiana S.Moore Brachylaena discolor var. Rotundata (S.Moore) Beentje ): It comes in southern Africa from Mozambique, Zimbabwe and Botswana to the South African provinces of Free State , Gauteng , Limpopo, Mpumalanga as well as North West before.

Brachylaena stellulifera Humbert : It thrives in the arid area only in the province of Mahajanga .

Brachylaena transvaalensis Hutch. ex E. Phillips & Schweick. (Syn .: Brachylaena discolor subsp. Transvaalensis (Hutch. Ex Phillips & Schweick.) Paiva ): It occurs in Swaziland and in the South African provinces of KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga and Limpopo.

Brachylaena uniflora Harv. : It occurs only in the South African provinces of Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c HJ Beentje: The genus Brachylaena (Compositae: Mutisieae) . In: Kew Bulletin . tape 55 , 2000, pp. 1-41 , JSTOR : 4117759 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Flora of Zimbabwe. Retrieved November 17, 2013 .
^ Brachylaena at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 10, 2014.
↑ ^a ^b Brachylaena in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Brachylaena at Tropicos.org. In: Catalog of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 10, 2014.
^ Brachylaena at Global Compositae Checklist . Last accessed January 10, 2014
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Species list for Brachylaena in the Red List of South African Plants
↑ Norma Jodamus, 2003: data sheet Brachylaena discolor at PlantZAfrica of the South African National Biodiversity Institute = SANBI.
↑ Data sheet Brachylaena rotundata at Prota4u .
↑ Lou-Nita Le Roux, 2012: Data sheet Brachylaena transvaalensis at PlantZAfrica of the South African National Biodiversity Institute = SANBI.

Web links

Commons : Brachylaena - collection of images, videos and audio files

SS Cilliers: Synopsis of the genus Brachylaena (Asteraceae) in southern Africa. In: Bothalia , Volume 23, Issue 2, 1993, pp. 175-184. PDF.

Map with all linked sites: OSM | WikiMap

[Beentje-1] HJ Beentje: The genus Brachylaena (Compositae: Mutisieae) . In: Kew Bulletin . tape 55 , 2000, pp. 1-41 , JSTOR : 4117759 .

[FloraZimbabwe-2] Flora of Zimbabwe. Retrieved November 17, 2013 .

[Tropicos-3] Brachylaena at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 10, 2014.

[GRIN-4] Brachylaena in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved March 15, 2018.

[CoVPoMadagascar-5] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Brachylaena at Tropicos.org. In: Catalog of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 10, 2014.

[GCC-6] Brachylaena at Global Compositae Checklist . Last accessed January 10, 2014

[RedListSA-7] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Species list for Brachylaena in the Red List of South African Plants

[PlantZAfrica_BrachylaenaDiscolor-8] Norma Jodamus, 2003: data sheet Brachylaena discolor at PlantZAfrica of the South African National Biodiversity Institute = SANBI.

[Prota4u_BrachylaenaRotundata-9] Data sheet Brachylaena rotundata at Prota4u .

[PlantZAfrica_BrachylaenaTransvaalensis-10] Lou-Nita Le Roux, 2012: Data sheet Brachylaena transvaalensis at PlantZAfrica of the South African National Biodiversity Institute = SANBI.