Bremen teacher seminars

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Bremen teachers 'seminars have existed in Bremen since 1810. The Bremen teachers' seminars served to train teachers from elementary schools and elementary schools .

history

Beginning of teacher training

Former Lutheran Athenaeum or Latin cathedral school, then school of scholars until 1858

Until well into the 19th century, lessons in elementary schools were usually given by pastors or sextons who had not received any further training, craftsmen or graduates of the pedagogue or grammar school illustrious and the cathedral school . The state of the school system was not satisfactory.

In 1810, the pastors trained 15 cathedral students to become assistant teachers for the first time at the cathedral school at Bremen Cathedral, which was founded in 1642 .

In 1821 the Hanseatic City of Bremen took over the seminar and provided a classroom in the secondary school. The seminarians received a two-year seminar course and were already practically active in the school service. The liberal reform pedagogue Johann Gottlob Wilhelm Steckel led the seminar until his death in 1846. After that, the seminar stagnated.

Teachers' seminar in the school on Hamburger Strasse

In 1857 this facility in the house at Contrescarpe No. 147 under the direction of August Lüben and two other educators experienced a significant boom. In 1860 the seminar moved to Kreftingstrasse No. 1 in the Ostertorsteinviertel . In 1873, after Lüben's death, Dr. Georg Credner as director of the teachers' seminar in Bremen. He operated the further expansion of the seminar and represented a direction of scientific pedagogy . A practice school has now been set up in the Free School on the Black Sea . Credner ran the new building for the teachers' seminar in the school on Hamburger Strasse, which he was unable to attend in the 1897 inauguration. Due to a stroke, he had to give up his service in 1895.

The seminar on Hamburger Strasse was run from 1896 to 1918 by the authoritarian seminar director Dr. Otto Uhlhorn headed. He was retired after the First World War . The reforms required have seen conflicts between aspiring young reform teachers and traditional teachers and seminar leaders.

Examination: In 1893 the law on teachers' examinations was enacted. The prospective teachers were examined by a committee consisting of the school council as chairman and the members appointed by the school council, mostly school principals and proven teachers.

Teacher seminar

Educational institution for adult daughters and teacher training college , later Kippenberg high school ; here the Vietor house

Seminars for female teachers were a special form of teacher training. A distinction was made between seminars for future elementary school teachers and seminars that prepared for the higher teacher examination (teaching at secondary schools for girls ).

Elementary school teachers were trained in Bremen at the higher girls' and daughter schools and in the upper lycee . This happened, among other things, since 1859 first as a private teacher training college and since 1868 in the private training institute for adult daughters and teachers training college of August Kippenberg (1830-1889) and his second wife Johanne Kippenberg (1842-1925).

Also Ida Janson led from 1860, the private daughters-public school in Bremen and the connected teachers seminar with the teacher and feminist Mathilde Lammers as head.

In 1912, a state seminar for women teachers was set up in the abandoned schools in Birkenstrasse and Karlstrasse. The seminar also included a practice school with eight classes.

Weimar Republic

The seminar business was strongly reformed during the Weimar Republic . The demand to raise the training of elementary school teachers like that of grammar school teachers uniformly throughout the entire Reich to university level was not realized for a long time for reasons of cost. Up until 1919, no Abitur was required for the profession of elementary school teacher. In the Weimar Republic, Article 143 of the Weimar Constitution stipulated:

“Public institutions are responsible for educating young people. The empire, the federal states and the municipalities work together to establish them. Teacher training is to be regulated uniformly for the Reich in accordance with the principles that generally apply to higher education. Public school teachers have the rights and compulsory portion of civil servants. "

Pedagogical academies were established in individual countries of the German Reich, for which the Abitur was a prerequisite. The seminar has also been dismantled in Bremen since 1921. The teachers have now been trained through a three-year course at a university.

1922 was in the building at the site Gymnasium an der Hamburger Straße therefore, a junior high school set, thus completing a discussion took place since 1919. The advanced school should continue talented late-stage developers to the Abitur. In 1926 the teachers' seminar was given up at this location. The advanced school could now develop further. After 1945 a high school or a grammar school was set up at the site.

The teachers' seminar on Karlstrasse was also dismantled from 1921 to 1926. The training for privately operated teacher training also ended. The training has now been replaced by a three-year course at the universities.

Teacher training afterwards

From a teacher’s seminar to a pedagogical seminar

After the teacher seminars were closed, they were trained at universities or colleges outside of Bremen. After the Second World War , teachers had to be fired for political reasons. Many teachers were also killed in the war. There was a lack of teachers in all schools. Instead of a teachers' seminar, a pedagogical seminar was set up in the school on Vegesacker Strasse in Bremen- Walle from December 1945 under the direction of Klaus Böttcher , which existed until 1949. In two to three semesters, teachers were trained to eliminate the state of emergency.

In Bremerhaven , the Bremerhaven City School Council Walter Zimmermann founded the educational seminar at the Uhland School (Deichstrasse) in 1945, the tasks of which were taken over by the Bremen University of Education from 1948.

Foundation of the University of Education

A provisional pedagogical seminar trained new teachers in a very shortened study period from December 1945 until 1947.

In the summer of 1947, the newly founded University of Education (PH) started operations at Lange Reihe No. 81 in Bremen-Walle. The course has lasted six semesters since 1950. The establishment of the college of education could be completed by 1950 and Hinrich Wulff took over the management. In 1966, 850 prospective teachers studied here. In 1960 Fritz Stemme took over the management of the PH and in 1966 job Günter Klink . From 1971 to 1973 the PH was integrated into the University of Bremen .

Further teacher training

LASL

The State Office for School Practice and Teacher Examination (LASL) had been set up in 1953, initially in Humboldtstrasse as a pedagogical office for the advanced training of teachers , then called the School Practical Institute and then LASL . It was moved to the Grüner Weg and in 1998 was moved to the seminar and research building of the University of Bremen .

WIS and LIS

Since February 1946 there has been a study seminar for trainee students in secondary schools at the Helgolander Strasse school , then at the Kleine Helle school , then at Kniehauer Strasse, then Pieperstrasse and then Faulenstrasse . Since the 1970s, the seminar has been called the Scientific Institute for School Practice (WIS) and since 1998 the State Institute for School (LIS), which is located at 20 Weidedamm .

Bremerhaven

In 1970 the School Practical Institute was opened on Stormstrasse in Bremerhaven-Lehe.
The State Institute for Schools (LIS) in Bremen from 1998 now maintains a branch in Bremerhaven on Deichstrasse in Bremerhaven-Mitte.

Well-known teachers and graduates

Teacher

Graduates

See also

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ State Institute for Schools