Bruno Schier

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Bruno Schier (born February 17, 1902 in Hohenelbe , Austria-Hungary , † February 9, 1984 in Münster in Westphalia) was an ethnographer and publisher.

biography

After an apprenticeship as a car manufacturer in his father's workshop and a graduate of a grammar school in Hohenelbe in the Giant Mountains , Bruno Schier studied German , Slavonic , history and geography at the Karl Ferdinand University in Prague, where he received his doctorate in philosophy in 1926 and was then a scientific assistant . He had been a member of the Sudeten German Party and its predecessor organization Sudeten German Popular Front (SHF) since 1934, and in 1937 he joined the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP) .

Bruno Schier completed his habilitation in folklore in 1932 and then received a teaching position as a full professor for German folklore and antiquity at the University of Leipzig in 1934 , which he held until 1945. 1940 to 1945 a visiting professorship for German Philology and Folklore was added at the University of Bratislava (Preßburg) in Slovakia. Also since 1940 he and Josef Preußler were lecturers and heads of department for folklore, Sudeten German regional and folk research at the teacher training institute in Liberec (Reichenberg) in northern Bohemia . From 1943 to 1948 he was a full member of the Saxon Academy of Sciences .

In 1947, after the end of the Second World War in May 1945, he became a lecturer in West Slavic Philology at the University of Halle (Saale) . He exchanged scientific information with the Eastern researchers Eugen Lemberg , Hermann Aubin , Josef Hanika , Kurt Oberdorffer and Wilhelm Weizsäcker and was a co-founder of the Johann Gottfried Herder Research Council in Marburg , which was financed by public grants. Its continuities in methodology, the biographies of those involved and the choice of words in Ostforschung before and after 1945 were the first subject of own research in the 1990s.

In 1951 Schier received a professorship for folklore at the Westphalian Wilhelms University in Münster . There he was director of the folklore seminar and from 1951 to 1971 chairman of the folklore commission for Westphalia and for East German folklore in Kiel . From 1961 until the end of his life in 1984 he was a member of the most important association for Eastern research, the Collegium Carolinum , research center for the history of the Bohemian countries in Munich, alongside the Herder Institute . Also in the 1950s, Schier was able to continue folk and cultural soil research and the so-called house research in the "Working Group for House Research", which generally had the scientific research and representation of house and settlement in Europe as its theme. After 1945, Schier and his colleagues tried to scientifically prove a connection between race , ethnicity , peasantry and house forms. He was replaced as chairman in 1964 by Karl Brunne and was a scientific adviser to the Johannes Künzing Institute for East German Folklore in Freiburg im Breisgau .

In 1962, in the yearbook of the Collegium Carolinum, Schier invoked the ethnic thinking of the Sudeten German Erich Gierach and his political-scientific group of the Volkstums movement. His critics hold against Schier that for him science was a tool for national politics and propaganda.

Fonts

Table of contents by Schier's presentation of the ways and forms of the oldest fur trade in Europe .
  • House landscapes and cultural movements in eastern Central Europe. 1939. Revised new edition 1966.
  • Apiary in Central Europe. 1939.
  • Germanic heritage in settlement and house building . In: Ernst Otto Thiele (arrangement): The Germanic heritage in German folk culture. The lectures of the 1st German Folklore Day in Braunschweig , autumn 1938, Munich: Hoheneichen 1939, pp. 57–84.
  • Clashes between Germans and Slavs. 1938; published in the Festschrift for John Meier, 1934.
  • The shepherds' games in the Carpathian region. 1943.
  • Building the Slovak folk culture. 1943.
  • West and East in the folk cultures of Central Europe. Regional and ethnographic studies of the German-Slavic contact zone for the time before and between the world wars, 1989.
  • The names of the furrier . Leipzig, Berlin 1949.
  • On the history of the word tobacco . Berlin 1950.
  • Paths and forms of the oldest fur trade in Europe. Frankfurt am Main 1951.
  • Furs from an ancient perspective. Frankfurt am Main 1951.
  • Braiding in the light of historical folklore. Frankfurt am Main 1951.
  • The artificial flower from antiquity to the present. Berlin Akademie Verlag 1957.
  • Karl Rhamm 1842–1911 pioneer of cultural research. 1962.
  • The Friedland Folklore. 1969 Reprint of the Friedland edition, published by the Friedländer teachers' association 1926–1927.
  • Contributions to the settlement history of the Jeschken-Iser-Gaues. Schwäbisch Gmünd, Leutelt Society 1973.

Editor or co-editor

  • Journal for German Intellectual History. 1938-1945.
  • German Archive for State and Folk Research. 1938-1945.
  • Journal of Folklore. from 1933.

Honors

literature

  • Ferdinand Seibt , Hans Lemberg , Helmut Slapnicka: Biographical lexicon on the history of the Bohemian countries. Published on behalf of the Collegium Carolinum . Volume III, R. Oldenbourg Verlag , Munich 2000, ISBN 3-486-55973-7 , p. 640.
  • Kürschner's German Scholars Calendar . 1925 ff., 50, Verlag Walter de Gruyter
  • Brockhaus encyclopedia . Issue 16
  • Hannjost Lixfeld: Rosenberg's "brown" and Himmler's "black" folklore in the fight for supremacy. In: Wolfgang Jacobeit u. a. (Ed.): Völkische Wissenschaft. Forms and tendencies of German and Austrian folklore in the first half of the 20th century. Böhlau, Vienna a. a. 1994, ISBN 3-205-98208-8 , pp. 255-269.
  • Tatjana Tönsmeyer : Bruno Schier. In: Ingo Haar, Michael Fahlbusch (Hrsg.): Handbuch der Völkischen Wissenschaften. People - institutions - research programs - foundations. Saur, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-598-11778-7 , pp. 629-632.
  • Elisabeth Timm: Bruno Schier - Folklore house research against better judgment. In: Farmers, mansions, prefabricated houses - house research as social history; a friend's gift for Thomas Spohn on his 65th birthday . Münster et al. 2014, ISBN 978-3-8309-3157-7 , pp. 321–337.
  • Hinrich Siuts : Bruno Schier (1902–1984) and folklore house research. Comments on some current specialist historical publications and positions. In: Rheinisch-Westfälische Zeitschrift für Volkskunde 61. 2016, pp. 267–277.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Members of the SAW: Bruno Schier. Saxon Academy of Sciences, accessed on November 25, 2016 .

Web links

Commons : Bruno Schier  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Schier, Bruno
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Sudeten German folk researcher
DATE OF BIRTH February 17, 1902
PLACE OF BIRTH Hohenelbe
DATE OF DEATH February 9, 1984
Place of death Munster , Westphalia