Sommeregg Castle
| Sommeregg Castle | ||
|---|---|---|
 Sommeregg Castle |
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| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | Received or received substantial parts | |
| Standing position : | Lords , burgraves and knights (noble and ministerial ); Seat of the Sommeregg Regional Court | |
| Place: | Seeboden on Lake Millstatt | |
| Geographical location | 46 ° 50 '3 " N , 13 ° 31' 25" E | |
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The Sommeregg Castle was in the era of feudalism and serfdom before 1652 the seat of the sovereign lords and Viscount of Sommeregg . In 1442 the Sommeregg district court was able to become independent from the county of Ortenburg , which led to an upgrading of the rule.
The castle is located in the district of Schloßau of the cadastral municipality of Treffling in the municipality of Seeboden on Lake Millstatt in the Austrian state of Carinthia . The hilltop castle rises on a hilltop typical of the Millstätter mountains , was saved from decay and currently houses a restaurant and a torture museum at the time of the Inquisition .
history
The discovery of a rag ax from the urn field culture near Treffling suggests that the area and thus the castle hill as a place of refuge was settled around four thousand years ago.
Counts of Ortenburg
Lange 1237 was the year AD by an unknown source as first written mention of the castle Sommeregg because this year Count William of Malta a Ortolf of Sommeregg (Count Hermann II. Of Ortenburg?) Goods on Lake Millstatt and under the castle Sommeregg to feud should have given. Today it is assumed that the castle already existed around 1187, as in a document from the South Tyrolean Neustift monastery next to Count Otto von Ortenburg and Heinrich von Geschieß (today's Rosenheim bei Baldramsdorf , municipality Spittal an der Drau ) a Witemarus von Sommeregg mentioned. As knightly servants and burgraves, the Sommereggers expanded the castle on behalf of the Ortenburgers. On May 29, 1275, the castle is the scene of a festive gathering when the marriage contract between Count Albert von Gorizia and Countess Euphemia von Ortenburg-Hardegg was signed. From 1338 to 1344 the ortenburg ministers called themselves "von Sommeregg" and probably belonged to the same family. They held the office of burgrave and castellan in the knighthood , which included the castle hat and military support of the Ortenburg counts, for which they were entitled to the taxes and services of the subordinate farmers of the manor in the possession of the castle. From 1344 the following burgraves are recorded: 1344 Otto von Treffen, 1373/74 Kunz der Fleck, 1377–1395 Hans Steierberger, 1406 Hans Malteiner and Liebhart von Katsch, 1410/11 Christoph Hallecker , before 1442 Jörg von Hallegg (Hallecker).
Count of Cilli
When the counts of Ortenburg became extinct in 1418 in the name-bearer tribe, the land power passed to the counts of Cilli , for whom the possessions in Upper Carinthia were relatively insignificant compared to their huge possessions in Carniola and Croatia. As a result, the burgrave families such as von Hallegg and Herren von Graben , who administered the property of the Cilli, gained influence.
Lords of Trench
In 1442 Sommeregg came into the possession of the Lords of Graben through the marriage of Andreas von Graben zu Sommeregg , who was born in Styria, with Barbara von Hallegg (Hallecker), the heir to the aforementioned Sommeregg burgrave Jörg von Hallegg. Andreas von Graben, who was the captain of the county and of Ortenburg Castle , received the manorial estate and the Burggrafenamt Sommeregg as well as further income from Count Friedrich II. Von Cilli as a hereditary fief. Von Graben subsequently made the castle his family seat and expanded the Trefflingen church as a representative burial place for the family.
The Sommeregg district court under the von Graben family
With the takeover of Andreas von Graben, the Sommeregg Regional Court became independent from the County of Ortenburg. It had clearly defined boundaries that extended to the Millstätter See and Seebach in the south, to the Lieser in the west, to the Pleßnitzgraben in the north and to the Tschiernock and Tangerner Bach in the east. Within this regional court, the Sommeregg rule was not only responsible for its own farmers, but also for those farmers from the manors of Gmünd , Spittal an der Drau , Millstatt , the Lieseregg parish and various smaller estates.
House of Habsburg
The Herren von Graben family and Barons von Rain
In 1456 after the murder of the last of the Cilli by the Peace of Pusarnitz , the county of Ortenburg came to the Habsburgs , who confirmed the fiefdom of von Graben . Under Virgil von Graben , Sommeregg was conquered and destroyed by Hungarian troops in 1487, and there was a dispute over the occupation of the diocese of Salzburg , for whose archbishops von Graben administered the lordship of Sommeregg. The reconstruction of the castle gave it an irregular floor plan and structure. Only a round tower reminded of the old Sommeregg Castle. After Virgil's death, his brothers Ernst and Wolfgang Andreas von Graben followed him as burgraves. After the death of Ernst in 1513 the heiress was Rosina of digging Rain by Emperor Maximilian I confirmed the fief possession. At that time, the Sommeregg rulership had its own regional and neck court . In 1534 Sommeregg came under the administration of her son Hans Joachim von Rain zu Sommeregg, from the Bavarian noble family of the Barons von Rain .
Count of Khevenhüller, Hans Wittmann
Hans Joachim Freiherr von Rain zu Sommeregg shifted the focus of his interests back to Bavaria and in 1550 sold the manor on Millstätter Berg to Christoph Khevenhüller zu Aichelberg . The Counts Khevenhüller called themselves "from Aichelberg to Landskron and Sommeregg" at that time.
In the second half of the 16th century, Mathes Heidenreich and Kristoph Heidenreich, the builder of Pöllan Castle , cared for the Sommeregg estate. The Khevenhüller owned the castle and manor until 1628, which they sold on May 4th to the wealthy merchant Hans Wittmann for 110,000 guilders .
Count Lodron
Hans Wittmann was the owner of Sommeregg Castle until 1651, which passed into the possession of Countess Katharina von Lodron that year . Up until this point in time, Sommeregg had been given as a princely Habsburg fiefdom, which changed in 1652 when the castle and dominion were transferred to the private ownership of the Lodrons. In 1700, Sommeregg was administered by Georg Franz Ebenhoch von Hocheneben for the Lodron family and remained in their family until 1932. With the liberation of the peasants in 1848, Sommeregg Castle had its function as the center of an estate , whose taxes and services were lost and increasingly decayed, but was inhabited.
20th century owner
Storms severely damaged the roof of the palace in 1933 and 1935. In 1969 Elfi and Andreas Egger bought the castle, which had almost fallen into ruin, from a Baroness Rosenberg de la Marre, renovated and restored the castle and operated a restaurant there. In 1992 they sold Sommeregg to the Riegler family. Knight games have been held annually in August since 1997 .
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Leisure activities on Sommeregg
There is currently a restaurant on the lower floor and on the terraces . A torture museum has been set up on the upper floor , which the operators say is the largest of its kind in Central Europe. The facility, supported by Amnesty International , exhibits replicas of old instruments of torture from the times of the Middle Ages and the Inquisition ( thumbscrews , stretchers , Spanish boots , nail chairs , pillory, etc.), but also focuses on the current situation and the fight against torture as a means of "Truth finding" with around 70 faithfully reproduced exhibits. One of the last witch trials in Carinthia started at Sommeregg Castle. In 1653 Matzelsdorf's weathermaker , Kaspar Haintz, was beheaded for weathermaking in Gmünd in Carinthia , after he had answered positively 114 questions under torture.
For three weeks in August there is a knight festival in the specially built medieval village .
The roof area above the torture museum is accessible via a wooden external staircase as a viewing platform and offers a very good panoramic view, which extends to the Dobratsch and the Karawanken in the southeast when the visibility is good .
Ownership and administrative history
Landlords as owners and fiefs as burgraves of the castle and rulership until 1652
| Period of time | Sovereign | Fiefdoms (burgraves, castellans) |
|---|---|---|
| 1187-1418 | Counts of Ortenburg | until 1338 Sommeregger, then from Treffen, Steierberger , Maltteiner, from Katsch, Hallegger ( from Hallegg ) |
| 1418-1456 | Count of Cilli | Lords of Hallegg and from 1442 their heirs the Lords of Graben |
| 1456-1652 | Habsburgs | Lords of Graben and from 1536 their heirs the barons von Rain , Count Khevenhüller (from 1550), Hans Wittmann (from 1628), Count von Lodron (from 1650) |
Privately owned
| 1652-1932 | Lodron |
| 1932-1940 | Josef Penker |
| 1940-1969 | Josef Riebler / daughter Helene married. Baroness Rosenberg de la Marre |
| 1969-1992 | Family Elfi / Andreas Egger |
| 1992– | Riegler family |
Individual evidence
- ^ History of the Sommeregg Castle and Dominion, by Wilhelm Wadl; in Carinthia I, 179th year (1989), pp. 157/158
- ↑ Exhibited in the Millstatt Abbey Museum .
- ^ Wilhelm Wadl: History of the castle and dominion Sommeregg. P. 153.
- ^ History of the Sommeregg Castle and Dominion, by Wilhelm Wadl; in Carinthia I, Volume 179 (1989), pp. 154/155
- ^ History of the Sommeregg Castle and Dominion, by Wilhelm Wadl; in Carinthia I, 179th year (1989), p. 155
- ^ History of the Sommeregg Castle and Dominion, by Wilhelm Wadl; in Carinthia I, 179th year (1989), pp. 157/158
literature
- Wilhelm Wadl: History of the castle and rule Sommeregg. In: Carinthia I. Journal for historical regional studies of Carinthia , 1989 (179th year), pp. 153–168.
Web links
- Sides of Sommeregg Castle
- Entry via Sommeregg Castle to Burgen-Austria