Treffling (Seeboden municipality)
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Treffling ( village ) locality cadastral municipality of Treffling |
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| Basic data | |||
| Pole. District , state | Spittal an der Drau (SP), Carinthia | ||
| Judicial district | Spittal an der Drau | ||
| Pole. local community | Seeboden on Lake Millstatt | ||
| Coordinates | 46 ° 50 '20 " N , 13 ° 31' 28" E | ||
| height | 824 m above sea level A. | ||
| Residents of the village | 486 (January 1, 2020) | ||
| Building status | approx. 200 | ||
| Area d. KG | 19.89 km² | ||
| Statistical identification | |||
| Locality code | 02183 | ||
| Cadastral parish number | 73215 | ||
| Counting district / district | Seeboden-North (20634 002) | ||
| Source: STAT : index of places ; BEV : GEONAM ; KAGIS | |||
Treffling is a church village or a cadastral community in the municipality of Seeboden am Millstätter See in the district of Spittal an der Drau in the Austrian state of Carinthia . The rural-structured recreational village has almost 500 inhabitants and can be reached via the Spittal / Millstättersee junction of the Tauern motorway.
Location and economy
Treffling is located 800 m above sea level at the western end of a high plateau ( Millstätter Berg ), which stretches along the Millstätter See at the foot of the Millstätter Alpe , the southwest corner of the Nockberge . Treffling, the northernmost town in the Seeboden municipality, is at the foot of the Tschiernock (Millstätter Alpe) at the entrance to the Liesertal . The place can be reached via the Millstätter Straße B 98 from Seeboden via the Landstraße (L 11) (distance to the Tauern Autobahn A 10 / Spittal-Millstätter See junction 5 km). Alternatively, the place can be reached via the state road from Gmünd through the Liesertal via Weiler Platz (11 km). In the west of the village the Trefflinger Bach flows past, which flows into the Gießbach, which drains into the Millstätter See.
The cadastral community of Treffling includes the Tschiernock area up to the Tangerner- and Burgstalleralm, the Sommeregg Castle, the Schloßau, the Muskanitzen, Liedweg, Tangern, Burgstaller and the western part of Gössering and Laubendorf (western and southern part of the golf course).
At the last census, Treffling had 468 inhabitants. The place is still a rural recreation village. In addition to restaurants and hotels, there are still some full-time farmers and small businesses.
| Courtyards, houses and residents from the 9th century until 2001 | |||||||||||||||||
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| 9th century | 1651 | 1817 | 1857 | 1869 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 | 1910 | 1923 | 1934 | 1951 | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | |
| Courtyards / houses | Althof | 17th | 44 | 42 | 41 | 50 | 53 | 52 | 54 | 55 | 58 | 65 | 70 | 92 | 117 | 139 | 164 |
| Residents | 241 | 281 | 331 | 328 | 344 | 362 | 344 | 316 | 349 | 533 | 358 | 363 | 439 | 424 | 468 | ||
| Inhabitants per house | 5 | 7th | 8th | 7th | 6th | 7th | 6th | 6th | 6th | 8th | 5 | 4th | 4th | 3 | 3 | ||
There is a very early mention of buildings from the 9th century, where an old courtyard is mentioned. From the 17th century on, the number of farms increased steadily. The number of houses has multiplied since the second half of the 20th century. Up until the 1950s, around six family members lived in the house ( servants were not included in the historical statistics). Today there are only around three. The population level of 1951 was atypical. The high number of residents goes back to the refugee camp of the British occupying forces , which existed between 1945 and 1952 and only housed a few refugees in 1951 (high in 1946 with 4,800 people).
At the time of mass tourism on Lake Millstatt, in the late 1960s and especially in the 1970s, private room rental was flourishing. Due to the changed travel behavior of the predominantly German summer guests, the number of rooms has again been reduced significantly. There had been a retail store in town since the 1950s, which had to close a few years ago. Since the working population commutes due to the lack of local businesses and practically every family has at least one car, people usually shop in Spittal an der Drau or on the way in Seeboden. The older pupils mostly attend secondary school in Seeboden or the grammar school or vocational schools in Spittal. As in other rural regions, young people with a higher level of education usually never return from their study locations, preferably Vienna or Graz, due to a lack of job opportunities.
history
The first written mention dates from 1065 as Treuelicha . The name is derived from the Slovenian "village of Trebela". In the Carinthian dialect the place is also called "Trĕfling". In 1850, Treffling was constituted as a separate local congregation. Twenty years later, in 1870, they merged with Seeboden. The local community of Treffling at that time had an area of 1988 ha and 629 inhabitants. In 1918 the Spanish flu in Carinthia claimed many lives. Austria-Hungary was in the process of dissolving at the height of the second flu wave. There was no government support whatsoever. Four people died in Treffling from pneumonia, Spanish flu or the flu. In the school chronicle of the Treffling elementary school it is recorded that the school was closed from November 5th to 21st due to the Spanish flu.
Catholic Church of St. Leonhard
In the middle of the slightly sloping, old, walled cemetery is the Roman Catholic parish church of St. Leonhard . Patronium day is November 6th. The earliest written mention of an "ecclesia" dates from around 1070. In the early years, Treffling was an own church of the Eppensteiners , the oldest Carinthian ducal family. In 1454 the church belongs to Lieseregg as a branch . From 1764 St. Leonhard served as a mission station for the Millstatt Jesuit rule . The Counter-Reformation did not want to act in the area from the start really. For many years there were secret Protestants who withstood the re-Catholicization pressure until the end in the 1780s, the time of the tolerance patents of Emperor Joseph II . Ultimately, a Protestant church was built in the lower house one kilometer away . In the 19th century, the parish of Treffling was also looked after from either Millstatt or Lieseregg. It was not until 1806 that it became an independent parish with a branch in Tangern.
The current, late Gothic church building received its appearance largely from 1454, when the choir and new altar were consecrated. The narrow nave, which is lit on the south side through three two-lane tracery windows, was completed in 1518. On the west side there is an open vestibule with a hipped roof in front of the gable side, which is supported in the north by a side wall and in the south by a round pillar. 1648 St. Leonhard is described as dilapidated. There have been several restorations over the centuries, most recently in 1990–98.
Today's high altar from 1875 is the work of the South Tyrolean sculptor Josef Moroder from Val Gardena . In the neo-Gothic shrine there is a wooden, colored Pietà " Mary Seven Sorrows " from the 18th century inserted above the tabernacle . The high reliefs on the sides show Saint James the Elder with a staff and John (Evangelist) with a chalice. The original central figure of the altar, Mary in a halo with a standing baby Jesus, stands on a console on the north wall of the nave.
In the outer wall are u. a. two remarkable grave slabs with coats of arms and Gothic minuscule inset. The left tombstone commemorates Anna Gündrich, wife of Caspar von Mallenthein († 1466), the right one to Andreas von Graben zu Sommeregg († 1463). Von Graben was a Carinthian knight and nobleman who resided at Sommeregg Castle below Treffling. He was among the counts of Cilli captain of the county Ortenburg and Burggraf and 1433 knights and castle captain of Cillier on Ortenburg . In 1456 Von Graben lost the office of captain of the county of Ortenburg under the Habsburgs , the successors of the Cillier. In addition to his seat at Burg Sommeregg, he also expanded the churches in Treffling and Lieseregg in a representative manner.
A winged altar created by Master Thomas von Villach contains the coat of arms of Andreas von Graben, who died in 1463 (or 1464) in the image of the crowning of thorns . Under the crown of thorns Christ is depicted before Pontius Pilate , on the right the flagellation of Christ and a crucifixion group with Mary and John. During the last restoration, the altar, which is dated to around 1470/90, was returned to its original condition. It is believed that Graben's son Virgil von Graben commissioned the altar. He could remember an older altar donated by his parents around 1454, which was destroyed during the Turkish invasion in 1478.
In the tower the 1723 depends Villach cast "St. Ulrichs weather bell ”with the inscription:“ All hail weather stop from Ortisei with Deim bishop's staff! ”. It serves the custom of the weather bell , an apotropaic , superstitious act in which storms are to be driven away by ringing a consecrated church bell.
literature
Johann Reinhard Bünker: The farmhouse on Lake Millstatt in Carinthia. from the "Mittheilungen der Anthropologische Gesellschaft in Wien", Vienna, 1902, (category with associated images on Commons )
- Christine Niedermayer: The village of Treffling with the registration by the Franziszeischen cadastre. Retrieved March 3, 2018 .
Web links
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- ^ Carinthian regional government: Kärnten Atlas , last accessed on November 3, 2012.
- ↑ Statistics Austria: 2001 Census (PDF; 8 kB); accessed on November 4, 2012
- ^ Market town of Seeboden am Millstätter See: Economy. Accessed May 31, 2020 .
- ^ Kurt Klein ( Austrian Academy of Sciences ): Historical Ortlexikon, Carinthia. Data stock: June 30, 2012 ( Memento from March 23, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 746 kB), page 83. Kurt Klein: Statistical documentation on population and settlement history. Introduction. Austrian Academy of Sciences , August 31, 2016, accessed on May 31, 2020 .
- ^ Christine Niedermayer: The Trefflinger DP camp, 1945-1952. ( Memento from February 1, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 1.2 MB) , accessed on May 31, 2020.
- ^ Eberhard Kranzmayer : Place name book of Carinthia . Part II, 1958, p. 226
- ↑ Municipality of Seeboden: Seeboden - Lieserhofen - Treffling, accessed on November 3, 2012.
- ^ School chronicle Treffling / Information according to Katharina Worsche, May 18, 2020
- ^ Diocese of Gurk : Parish Church of St. Leonhard ; accessed on November 3, 2012
- ↑ For details on the art monuments see Diocese Gurk : Parish Church St. Leonhard ; accessed on November 3, 2012
- ↑ Carinthia I., volumes 163-165