César III. Auguste de Choiseul de Plessis-Praslin

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
César Auguste de Choiseul de Plessis-Praslin
coat of arms

César III. Auguste de Choiseul de Plessis-Praslin - Duc de Choiseul - Comte de Plessis-Praslin - Viscount de Saint-Jean (* 1637 , † April 12, 1705 in Paris ) was a member of the French nobility and high-ranking military.

Life

He was the fourth son of César de Choiseul and his wife Colombe le Charron, first lady-in-waiting of the Duchesse d'Orléans . He was accepted as a knight in the Order of Malta . Furthermore, he was Commendatarabbot of the Abbey of Saint-Sauveur (Redon) and the Abbey of Saint-Florentin de Bonneval . Until then it was called Chevalier de Plessis-Praslin .

On July 30, 1681 he married Louise Gabrielle de La Baume le Blanc de la Vallière (1665–1698), daughter of Jean-François, marquis de la Vallière, baron de Maisons-Fort, governor and seneschal des Bourbonnais , and the Gabrielle Glé de la Cotarday, lady of the palace of Queen Marie-Thérèse .

In 1697 he met his wife in Paris, who had officially separated from him without their divorce. She was:

«[…] Belle et faite en déesse […] Elle avoit eu des galanteries en nombre»

“ […] Beautiful as a goddess […] She had a large number of admirers. "

The dissolute lifestyle of his wife made Auguste de Choiseul lose the marshal's baton , which would actually have been his. She hid several pregnancies from him because the children were not his.

Louise Gabrielle de La Baume died on November 7, 1698.

On May 4, 1699, he married Marie Bouthillier de Chavigny, daughter of Léon Bouthillier , Comte de Chavigny and Busançois, Minister and State Secretary, Commander and Chief Treasurer of the Ordres du roi , Governor of the city and citadel of Antibes and of Vincennes Castle , and the Anne Phelyppeaux de Ville-Savim. Marie Bouthillier de Chavigny was the niece of Nicolas Brûlart, Seigneur and Marquis of la Borde, Sombernon, Memont, Malain and Mussey, First President of the Parliament of Burgundy .

Military career

On May 24, 1656, the Régiment d'Hôtel was transferred to him as regiment owner (Colonel). In 1669 he was promoted to maréchal de camp by means of certification . This was done as a reward for his services in Crete in the fight against the Turks.

During the Dutch War he fought at the siege of Arnhem in the company of his older brother Alexandre de Choiseul de Plessis-Praslin, who was killed by a cannonball on June 14, 1672.

He took part in the Siege of Luxembourg (1684) during the War of the Reunion . On April 2, 1684 he was appointed Duke of Choiseul, peer of France and in the court of Philippe I de Bourbon, duc d'Orléans , as the successor of his nephew César II. Auguste de Choiseul , who was attacked on April 2 was wounded so badly that he died of it on May 18 of the same year at the age of only 20.

On December 2, 1688, the king appointed him Chevalier des Ordres du roi ( Ordre de Saint-Michel and Ordre du Saint-Esprit ). The necklace and cross were given to him on January 1, 1689. In the same year and 1690 he served in the "Armée de Flandres" (Flanders Army) and commanded the right wing in the Battle of Fleurus . In 1692 he served in the county of Flanders and commanded the royal guard at the Battle of Steenkerke on August 3, 1692 .

In 1696 he was sent hostage to Turin during the peace negotiations with the Duke of Savoy and returned to Paris in 1697.

He died without male descendants on April 12th in Paris and was buried on April 14th in the Couvent des Feuillants on Rue Saint-Honoré .

title

  • 1650: Chevalier de Plessis-Praslin
  • Viscount de Saint-Jean
  • 1652 to 1681: Commander Abbot of Saint-Sauveur Abbey in Redon
  • June 14, 1672: Comte de Plessis-Praslin after the death of his older brother Alexandre de Choiseul
  • 25 February 1677: Lieutenant général des armées du roi , Count and Bishop of Toul
  • 1684: Duke and Peer of France

Ranks

Campaigns

progeny

  • 1683: Marie-Louise Gabrielle († May 19, 1710 and buried in the Couvent des Feuillants in Paris )
  • November 10, 1688: a son who died on August 13, 1690
  • October 5, 1692: Marie-Louise Thérèse

On 8 October 1697 brought a woman by an unknown man to a girl that she named Augustine Françoise and she her friend Marie-Francoise de Pompadour, Marquise de Hautefort , entrusted to them under the name of Mademoiselle de Saint-Cyr nursed .

Since the mother's uncle, Jean François de La Baume le Blanc, duc de la Vallière, wanted to exclude the child from the inheritance, a lawsuit ensued in which, for Mademoiselle de Saint-Cyr , César Auguste de Choiseul de Plessis-Praslin and Louise Gabrielle de La Baume le Blanc de la Vallière were officially recognized as legal parents.

The second marriage was childless, the lineage of the dukes of Choiseul was thus extinguished in the male line. (The title of Duc de Choiseul was reassigned to Étienne-François de Choiseul in 1758. )

literature

Footnotes

  1. ^ A b François-Alexandre Aubert de La Chenaye-Desbois : Dictionnaire de la noblesse. Volume IV. 2nd edition. Veuve Duchesne / author, Paris 1772, p. 506 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  2. ↑ which probably meant lovers
  3. ↑ Louis de Rouvroy, duc de Saint-Simon : Mémoires complets et authentiques du Duc de Saint-Simon. Volume IL Hachette, Paris 1856, p. 25 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  4. ↑ † June 11, 1728 in Paris
  5. ↑ Saint-Cyr was a dominion in the Marquisat de Hautefort.
personal data
SURNAME Plessis-Praslin, César III. Auguste de Choiseul de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Choiseul, César de; Choiseul, Cesar de, III. duc de Choiseul
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French aristocrat, soldier and maréchal de camp
DATE OF BIRTH 1637
DATE OF DEATH April 12, 1705
Place of death Paris