25 e régiment d'infantry

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Choiseul-Praslin
Regiment Poitou Regiment
25 e Infantry Regiment

25e RI 1940 av.png

last flag carried (front)
active 1585 to 1940
Country Blason France modern.svg Flag of France.svg France
Armed forces Blason France modern.svg Flag of France.svg french army
Armed forces infantry
Type regiment
Location Cherbourg
Patron saint Saint-Maurice d'Agaune
commander
Important
commanders

Charles de Choiseul

The 25th e régiment d'infanterie was an infantry regiment, set up in 1585 as Régiment Choiseul-Praslin in the Kingdom of France and in service during the Ancien Régime and then with a few interruptions until it was dissolved in 1940. Before it was unified by the numbering created in the Revolution, it wore last the name of the province of Poitou .

From 1636 to 1665 another regiment carried the name "de Poitou".

Lineup and significant changes

In 1585, Charles de Choiseul, first Maréchal de Praslin, reinforced the company established the year before to form the Choiseul-Praslin Regiment .

After the Battle of Vimory in 1587, the regiment was disbanded. Raised it again in 1612 by César de Choiseul, comte d'Hôtel, it was dismissed in the same year. On September 16, 1616, the former regiment owner set up six companies with 100 men each as the Régiment d'Hôtel, and on December 1 of the same year it was again reduced. Re-erection on February 3, 1617 with the reduction in December 1618 after the death of the Maréchal d'Ancre .

After King Ludwig XIII. had fallen out with his mother, the Comte d'Hôtel received the order on February 26, 1619 to summon his companies. Renewed decommissioning in 1620, activation on February 7, 1621 and reduction to the Leibcompanie on November 1, 1622. This remained in garrison on the Île d'Oléron until August 3, 1624 , when the regiment was finally activated and the number 15 in the ranking of the royal infantry regiments.

  • 1682: Renamed the Régiment de Poitou
  • January 17, 1714: The "Régiment de Marloup" was incorporated into "Poitou".
  • 1776: The "Régiment de Poitou" was split up. The 1st and 3rd battalions continued to form the "Régiment de Poitou" with the uniform and the orderly flag, the 2nd and 4th battalions were handed over to the formation of the Régiment de Bresse .
  • On January 1, 1791, all regiments were given a serial number. The regiment ranked under numbers 15 and 26 in the previous ranking was assigned number 25 and was now called: "25 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne (ci-devant Poitou").
  • 1794: With the Premier amalgame , the regiments were disbanded and the battalions were used to set up the so-called demi-brigades .
  • 1803: The demi-brigades became regiments again, the current "25 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne" had nothing to do with that of 1794.
  • 1814: During the first restoration nothing changed in the name.
  • July 16, 1815: After the king's second return, the entire Napoleonic army was disbanded.
  • 1820: merger of the one he Légion de la Manche and 48 e Légion de la Manche for "25 e régiment d'infantry de ligne"
  • 1870: Creation of a marching regiment , called 25 e régiment de marche
  • 1871: Renaming of the marching regiment to 25 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne
  • 1882: Renaming to 25 e régiment d'infanterie
  • August 2, 1914: Establishment of the regular reserve regiment , the 225 e régiment d'infanterie
  • 1923: dissolution. The tradition was carried on by the 8 e régiment d'infanterie .
  • 1940: re-established as the 25th e régiment d'infanterie
  • 1940: After the Armistice of Compiègne the final dissolution took place

Flags in the royal army

  • 1982 to 1791

  • 1st Battalion 1791

  • 2nd Battalion 1791

Uniforms of the royal army

  • 1703

  • 1720 (according to the source, but should actually already be white)

  • 1734

  • 1757

  • 1762

  • 1776

  • 1779

  • 1791

Mestres de camp / Colonels

Mestre de camp was from 1569 to 1661 and from 1730 to 1780 the denomination of rank for the regiment holder and / or for the officer in charge of the regiment. The name "Colonel" was used from 1721 to 1730, from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803 onwards.

After 1791 there were no more regimental owners.

Should the Mestre de camp / Colonel be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment (such as the king or queen), the command was given to the "Mestre de camp lieutenant" (or “Mestre de camp en second”) or the “Colonel-lieutenant” or “Colonel en second”.

  • 1585: Charles de Choiseul du Plessis-Praslin, comte d'Hôtel
  • September 16, 1616: César de Choiseul du Plessis-Praslin, comte d'Hôtel
  • February 4, 1643: Charles de Choiseul du Plessis-Praslin, comte d'Hôtel
  • December 17, 1650: Alexandre de Choiseul, comte du Plessis-Praslin
  • May 24, 1656: César Auguste de Choiseul, comte du Plessis-Praslin
  • August 31, 1682: Duplessis-Guénégaud, marquis de Biville
  • November 3, 1689: Léonor de Montchevreuil, comte de Mornay
  • March 21, 1702: Louis Charles de Montsaulnin, marquis de Montal
  • March 6, 1719: Gabriel Jacques de Salignac, marquis de Fénelon
  • February 19, 1723: César Phébus François, comte de Bonneval
  • January 2, 1745: François de Broglie, comte de Revel
  • November 20, 1757: Louis César Renaud, vicomte de Cheuseuil
  • January 3, 1770: Eugène Eustache de Mézières, comte de Béthisy
  • 1771: Claude-Anne de Rouvroy de Saint-Simon-Montblerú
  • April 26, 1775: Eugène Eustache de Mézières, comte de Béthisy
  • April 8, 1779: Charles-Paul-François de Beauvilliers, comte de Buzancois
  • March 10, 1788: Armand, marquis de Saint-Chamans de Rebenac
  • 1791: Colonel Charles Redon
  • 1792: Colonel Nicolas Louis Auguste de Roure De Brisson

[...]

  • 1803: Colonel Louis Victorin Cassagne
  • 1807: Colonel Martin François Dunesme
  • 1812: Colonel Martin François Dunesme
    • 1st battalion: Chef de bataillon Camescasse: 37 officers and 752 soldiers
    • 2nd battalion: Chef de bataillon Lalande: 16 officers and 719 soldiers
    • 3rd Battalion: Chef de bataillon Jean Darriule : 15 officers and 740 soldiers
    • 4th battalion: Chef de bataillon Evrard: 17 officers and 748 soldiers
    • 5th Battalion: Chef de bataillon Pothie: 17 officers and 741 soldiers
  • 1813: Colonel Jean Hyacinthe Sébastien Chartrand
  • 1813: Colonel Louis Florimond Fantin de Odoars
  • 1814: Colonel Jean-Joseph Gromety

[...]

  • 1830: Colonel Barron Du Bois D'Escordal
  • 1848 to 1852: Colonel Antoine-Achille d'Exéa-Doumerc
  • 1858 to 1863: Colonel Théodore de Floyd
  • 1870: Colonel Émile Armand Gibon †

...

  • 1895 to 1903: Colonel Aristide Le Moniès de Sagazan
  • 1903 to 1907: Colonel Victor Fourrier
  • 1918: Lieutenant-Colonel Pique

Officers in the "25 e régiment d'infanterie" killed or wounded between 1804 and 1815:

  • fallen: 14
  • died of her wounds: 12
  • wounded: 115

Battle calendar

Siege of La Rochelle 1621

Wars of Religion and War against Spain and France (1610 to 1630)

  • In 1621 the regiment had its first military action with the siege of Clérac .
  • 1622: at the siege of Royan and then at the blockade of La Rochelle
  • 1624 to 1626: Together with the troops of Jean de Saint-Bonnet de Toiras , the unit moved to the Médoc and in 1626 defended the Île d'Oléron against the English. The regiment stayed on the island for almost a year. After the British withdrew, the unit moved to the blockade troops in front of La Rochelle . After the city surrendered, the regiment moved into garrison there.
  • 1629: The regiment left La Rochelle, marched into the area around Montauban and wreaked havoc on the Huguenot possessions. With the army of the king it moved to the upper Languedoc and took part in the sieges of Privas and Alès .
  • 1630: Strengthened to 12 companies, the unit crossed the Alps for the first time and was used in the taking of Pignerol and in the battle at Veillane. On August 9th there was a battle on the Po and then the march to relieve Casale Monferrato . The citadel there was occupied by the regiment until 1635. The Mestre de camp was during its ambassador in Turin .

Thirty Years War (1635 to 1648)

  • 1635 to 1636: The regiment was ordered to the army in Picardy and assigned to the Corps of Maréchal de Coligny . On May 20, “Plessis-Praslin” distinguished itself in the battle near Avein, where it was able to come to the aid of the Régiment de Champagne . This was followed by the march to Tirlemont , where it took part in the attack on June 8th. The siege of lions followed . “Plessis-Praslin” was given the right to carry the white body flag and the white banner on the orderly flag because of his services in this campaign. The winter was spent in the Netherlands. In June 1636 the regiment returned to France.
  • 1637: Stationed in Guise , it was subordinate to the command of the Comte de Quincé, who waged a guerrilla war against the Spaniards in the area around Cambrai . It was also used in the siege of Landrecies .
  • 1638: Assigned to the Flanders Army, the unit distinguished itself in the attack on Châtelet . At the end of the campaign it was moved to Lorraine, where it was used in the capture of Blamont and Lunéville and where it joined the army of the Duke of Saxe-Weimar near Breisach am Rhein . After Breisach was fought down, winter quarters were moved into Franche-Comté .
  • 1639: march to Italy. Only a few companies remained. The regiment served under the Duc de La Valette d'Épernon and fought in the siege of Cengio , where it was able to penetrate the entrenchments after six hours of fighting. The siege of Chivasso followed , during which the Mestre de camp was wounded by a musket ball. In the same year "Plessis-Praslin" marched to the relief of Carmagnola . On November 20, it was involved in a battle on the Quiers road .
  • 1640: Used with the Spanish army in the siege of Casal. On April 29th, it attacked the entrenchments. It was repulsed three times and gathered again 50 paces from the front of attack. With the fourth attack it was able to open a passage, whereupon the resistance collapsed. During the siege of Turin in the same year it guarded the circumvallation between Doria and Valentin.
  • 1641: "Plessis-Praslin" was used in the siege of Fossano and the siege of Coni. Here the Enseignes Poncet and d'Ensy fell.
  • 1642: capture of Nice , where the regiment occupied three demi-lunes . During the siege of Tortona it attacked itself and fended off an attempted breakout by the Spaniards.
  • 1643: That year the regiment was renamed "d'Hôtel" again. It stood out at the Siege of Asti and the Siege of Trino . It then fought to capture the fortifications of the bridge over the Stura di Demonte .
  • 1644: The regiment fought in the siege of Santhià . Led by the 16-year-old Mestre de camp, it made it to the Contrescarpe .
  • 1645: “Hôtel” left Italy and marched to Catalonia, where it took part in the siege of Roses . After the capitulation of Roses, the march back to Italy followed, where it was ordered to siege Vigevano in August . On October 19, the unit fought in battle near La Mora.
  • 1646: The quarrels between Cardinal Mazarin and Pope Urban VIII led to the fact that a Roman force under Tuscan leadership occupied the island of Elba. The "Régiment d'Hôtel", which at that time was with 12 companies in the citadel of Turin, was then given marching orders in September, whereupon it was immediately embarked in Oneglia . Portolongone was reached after three days and was immediately besieged. On October 27th, a mine was detonated, which opened a breach in a bastion, then the Maréchal du Plessis-Praslin ordered the general attack, with his son's regiment in the lead. After two hours the defense was crushed. After this undertaking, in which the Capitaines de Lusy, du Bernoy, Launois and Bras d'Or fell and the Mestre de camp, the Major de Réville and other officers were wounded, the regiment moved back to France and initially stayed in Languedoc Garrison.
  • 1747: march to Italy in June
  • 1748: Participation in the siege of Casal-Maggiore and in the battle near Cremona. While the siege of Cremona was still going on, the regiment withdrew and marched back to France, where the Fronde revolts had begun.

War of the Fronde (1649 to 1652)

  • 1649: The regiment was part of the army blocking Paris. It was also involved in the attack on Charenton-le-Pont , the occupation of Brie-Comte-Robert and the expulsion of the Lorraine troops across the Aisne. It ended the campaign in Flanders in October and moved into winter quarters in Châtelet.
Battle of Rethel
  • 1650: At the beginning of the year followed the campaign in Burgundy with the Duc de Vendôme . After the capture of Bellegarde, the regiment was sent to the army of the Maréchal du Plessis-Praslin in Champagne , where it was used against the Spaniards and against the troops of the Fronde under Turenne . Then marched to the relief of Guise, where it put the "Régiment d'infanterie de Turenne" to flight and then moved on to take Rethel. However, the unit had not yet arrived when Turenne was defeated in the Battle of Rethel on December 15 . The regimental commander, Charles de Choiseul du Plessis-Praslin, comte d'Hôtel, was not with his regiment, but took part in the battle on his father's staff. He was so badly wounded that he died two days later. He was replaced by his brother, Alexandre de Choiseul, comte du Plessis-Praslin.
  • 1651: Campaign in Flanders
  • 1652: After spending the winter in Arras, the regiment joined the king's army in March at La Charité-sur-Loire . Here it was reduced to 400 men and placed under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Massoni.

Franco-Spanish War (1653 to 1659)

  • 1653: The regiment served in the sieges of Vervins, Rethel and Mouzon that year. The campaign of the year ended with the siege of Sainte-Menehould .
  • 1654: Under the orders of Abraham de Fabert , the siege of Stenay , the relief of Arras and the occupation of Quesnoy followed.
  • 1655: Used in the siege of Landrecies in June. The campaign ended with the sieges of Condé-sur-l'Escaut and Saint-Ghislain .
  • 1656: On May 24th, the regiment passed to César Auguste de Choiseul, comte du Plessis-Praslin, brother of his predecessor. It fought off Valenciennes and made a bad impression when its line was broken by the troops of the Prince de Condé .
  • 1657: Capture of Montmédy , Saint-Venant and Gravelines
  • 1658: As the last action of this war, the unit stood at the siege of Dunkirk . During his watch on June 8th, the regiment was able to repel a failure of the Spanish occupation.
  • 1659: The year was passed without any major actions on the Flemish border.

War of Devolution (1667 to 1668)

  • 1666: The regiment was in the Compiègne camp .
  • 1667: Used in the capture of Berghes, Charleroi, Ath, Tournai, Douai and Lille. The Chevalier du Plessis was wounded in the head near Lille by a musket ball.
  • 1668: Relocation to Franche-Comté and participation in the sieges of Besançon , Dole and Gray .

In 1669 the regiment was seconded in support of Heraklion, besieged by the Turks, on Crete. To this end, the 10 companies marched to Toulon for embarkation . Since the siege had meanwhile ended and the French fleet had returned, the action was called off.

Dutch War (1672 to 1678)

  • 1672 to 1673: Campaign in Holland with the siege of Arnhem , Genappe and Grave . Then it moved to Germany under Turenne, where it was involved in the capture of Unna , Kamen , Altena and Bielefeld . The winter was spent near Philippsburg.
  • 1674: In the battle near Seintzheim the regiment occupied the right wing and distinguished itself in the attack on Burghausen . Lieutenant-colonel Merlet and several other officers were wounded. On July 5th, "Plessis-Praslin" fought at Ladenburg and on October 4th at Ensheim . On December 29th, the mission followed in the battle near Mulhausen .
  • 1675: On January 5th, the unit was in the battle of Türkheim and then withdrew with the army to Philippsburg. After the resumption of hostilities, it stood at the siege of Dinant , as cover at the sieges of Huy and Limbourg , fought doggedly in the battle of the Konzer Bridge and was then involved in the defense of Trier . Winter quarters were moved back to Philippsburg.
  • 1676: In the campaign of the year, the regiment marched in the army of the Maréchal de Luxembourg and was involved in the battle near Kokersberg . Some companies remained in Philippsburg and fought in the unsuccessful defense of the fortress .
  • 1677: Committed to the Army of Flanders, "Plessis-Praslin" was deployed in the siege of Valenciennes, then joined the King's army to reinforce the Duke of Orléans' troops, and participated in the siege of Saint-Omer and in December used for the capture of Saint-Ghislain. Here the lieutenant-colonel Merlet fell.
  • 1678: When Ghent and Ypres were taken, then transferred to Verdun, where the regiment joined the forces of Maréchal de Schomberg . Siege and capture of Lichtenberg Castle in October . The command of the fortress was given to Lieutenant-Colonel Bertrand.

After the Peace of Nijmegen , the regiment was housed in garrisons in Alsace and remained inactive until 1688. After the Lords of Plessis-Praslin had left the regimental leadership, the king moved it. It became a regiment of the crown on August 31, 1682 under the name "Régiment de Poitou".

War of the Palatinate Succession (1688 to 1697)

Battle of Neer winds
  • 1693: Campaign on the Moselle, then quarters in Namur. The 1st Battalion left the city on June 12th and took part in the Battle of Neerwinden and the Siege of Charleroi; the 2nd battalion marched with the Dauphin to Germany.
  • 1694: "Poitou" was in charge of monitoring the borders with Flanders and the Artois and was at the end of the year on the Meuse.
  • 1695: Participation in the bombardment of Brussels
  • 1696: no action in Flanders
  • 1697: Siege of Ath. On May 22nd, it opened the trenches at the Porte de Bruxelles and was involved in an attack on the local Demi-lune.
  • 1698: The regiment was in the Compiègne camp.

War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1713)

  • 1701: That year Poitou moved to the Netherlands.
  • 1702: Participation in the victory over the Dutch troops near Nijmegen, march to Strasbourg in June. In September he took part in the battle of Friedlingen , in which the regiment's lieutenant-colonel, de Chavannes, fell as a brigade commander.
  • 1703: During the siege of Kehl in February. On April 24th attack on the Stolhofen lines. The army of Villars then marched to Bavaria to come to the aid of the beleaguered Elector . Fights followed in the foothills of the Black Forest , for example near Hornberg . Villars, who feared that the imperial troops might build a bridge over the Danube near Tulfingen, two lieues (about 8 kilometers) from the ramparts of Ulm at that time, kept a detachment of six escadrons of cavalry and the "Poitou" regiment to guard back to the endangered point. Participation in the battle of Höchstädt and the capture of Kempten and Augsburg . In that year, "Poitou" was the first regiment of the French army to switch from gray to white uniform. The regiment carried four orderly flags per battalion. Winter quarters were moved into Swabia .
Second battle near Höchstädt
  • 1704: Capture of Gemünden am Main , during which four imperial battalions could be captured. This was followed by the defeat in the Second Battle of Höchstädt . Then retreat to the Rhine with garrisons in Viersheim, Erlisheim and Offenbach an der Queich . Together with the regiments de Chartre and “de Luxembourg” it was used to build a redoubt in front of Fort-Louis .
  • 1705: Campaigns on the Moselle
  • 1706: At the end of the year, the unit to reinforce the Flanders Army was detained and so fell into the defeat of the Battle of Ramillies .
  • 1708: In the battle of Oudenaarde , “Poitou” fought loss-making in a brigade with the Régiment du Roi and then withdrew in an orderly manner.
  • 1709: Used together with the Régiment de Picardie as a brigade in the battle of Malplaquet
  • 1710: Siege of Valenciennes
  • 1711: The regiment fought in the skirmishes at Hordain and Arleux , then left Flanders in mid-June to join the army in Alsace.
  • 1712: Back in Flanders, the Denain fortifications were attacked and Douai, Quesnoy and Bouchain were taken.
  • 1713: Assignment to the Rhine Army and participation in the sieges of Landau (Pfalz) and Freiburg im Breisgau . On October 14th, during the general attack “Poitou” and Royal-Roussillon attacked the covered road on the right wing . Thereupon the governor of Freiburg, the Baron von Asch, ordered a sortie, which was led with 1200 men and met the first two battalions of "Poitou" and "Royal-Roussillon". After a fierce struggle, the Imperialists were thrown back. The attackers then went ahead and tried to capture a bezel, but failed because of the stubborn resistance of the defenders.

Quadruple Alliance War (1717-1720)

  • 1719: Relocation of the regiment to the Spanish Army with the participation in the siege of Hondarribia , San Sebastian , Urgell and Roses .
  • 1727: After the unit had been housed in different places, the camp on the Meuse was finally designated as a garrison that year.

War of the Polish Succession (1733-1738)

  • 1733: "Poitou" moved to Lorraine and occupied Nancy for the former King of Poland and then Duke of Lorraine, Stanislaus I. Leszczyński .
  • 1734: Assigned to the army on the Rhine, the regiment took part in the siege of Philippsburg .
  • 1735: The unit was deployed in battle near Klausen and spent the rest of the campaign in the area around Trier.

No further activities followed. At the end of the war, “Poitou” was stationed in Givet and Charlemont.

War of the Austrian Succession (1740 to 1748)

  • 1740: At the beginning of the war, the regiment was ordered to the Rhine. Here it belonged to the corps of the Marquis de Mallebois , with whom it marched into Westphalia and took up quarters in Munster . It stayed here until June 1742.
  • 1742: Mallebois received orders to support the army in Bohemia in June and set out for the Danube in August. On September 18, the grenadiers of the regiments "Champagne" and "Poitou", who formed the vanguard, were surrounded by Austrian hussars. After a fierce battle in which the grenadiers had to retreat to an isolated building, the hussars finally gave up. However, Capitaine La Rochette's company had been wiped out. The captain himself and two lieutenants were taken prisoner. The next day the regiment moved into garrison in Landau on the Isar . After the siege of Prague was over without the Corps de Mallebois intervening decisively, "Poitou" was ordered to Deggendorf . It had to fight its way there step by step.
  • 1743: In May the regiment was assigned to the 11 battalions sent to support the Bavarian Marshal Friedrich Heinrich von Seckendorff . In June Memmingen was occupied by the unit. Then she moved to the field camp near Regensburg . In July he was transferred back to France, the rest of the campaign was spent on the Rhine. The regiment was stationed in Colmar , Bantzenheim and Chalempey. In October a detachment of 97 men was commanded under Capitaine Lamtertye to garrison Ingolstadt .
  • 1744: Delegation from “Poitou” to the Alpine Army
  • 1745: The regiment distinguished itself in the battle on the Tanaro on September 27th .
  • 1746: On June 16, deployment in the battle near Piacenza and retreats on the Tidone. At the end of the year they marched back to France.
  • 1747: “Poitou” defended Provence against Austro-Sardinian attacking troops and was involved in the reconquest of the Îles de Lérins , the attack on Villefranche and Montauban and the conquest of the county of Nice . On June 23, the unit was sent to the Dauphiné with the corps of Marquis de Belle-Isle to threaten the enemy and thus dissuade them from the siege of Genoa . She remained stationed in the area until the peace agreement.
The Maréchal de Soubise, French commander in chief in Westphalia

Seven Years War (1753 to 1763)

  • 1753: "Poitou" was housed in the field camp of Aimeries-sur-Sambre and was ordered to guard the borders to Flanders and the Artois when the war broke out. The winter was spent in Béthune .
  • 1757: Approaching Brussels and joining the army of Maréchal Soubise at Stockheim . Take of Wesel and Jülich. March to Saxony and participation in the Battle of Rossbach . In this disastrous defeat, the Colonel Comte de Revel was mortally wounded, the Lieutenant-Colonel Dufay was wounded, as was Major Bonneval. The Capitaines La Voicelle and Maynot and the Lieutenants Sablas and Pigeon fell. The regiment then withdrew to the border and was not used again in Germany until 1761. Here it fought with distinction in the battle of Vellinghausen .
  • 1762: The battle at Grevenstein took place on June 24th , during which parts of the regiment were encircled and captured by enemy cavalry, including 12 officers. The Capitaine Le Roy de la Chaise fell. On September 20, the unit was in action near Amöneburg Castle , which was destroyed in the process, and then fought its way over the Lahn to return to France.

Peace time

  • 1763: In France, the regiment was reinforced to four battalions through the incorporation of the dissolved "Régiments de Saint-Mauris". As of March, Nîmes and Montpellier were assigned as garrisons .

In May 1764, Saint-Omer, Besançon in August 1765, Metz in October 1766, Strasbourg in October 1769, Briançon and Montdauphin in October 1771 and Verdun in October 1773 were designated as garrisons. In October 1776 the unit moved to Thionville, in May 1777 to Quesnoy, in February and April to Condé and Douai and in April 1779 to Guingamp.

American War of Independence (1776 to 1783)

The regiment put details on the ships of Admiral Luc Urbain du Bouëxic de Guichen and fought on them in the battles against the British fleet in the Antilles.

Peace time

In June 1780 the regiment was reunited in Valenciennes. In 1782 the company was relocated to Vannes , Nantes and Port-Louis , in July 1783 to Givet, in August 1784 to Le Havre, in May 1786 to Valenciennes, in April 1788 to Poitiers , in June 1788 to Port-Louis and in March 1789 to Nantes.

revolution

At the beginning of the revolution the regiment in Nantes was in an uproar. The officers were chased away and the lieutenant-colonel was held in prison. After the National Assembly threatened to dissolve the unit, the regiment sent an address of allegiance to it, vowing submission and repentance. As a result, the threatened sanctions were withdrawn on September 17, 1790.

In January 1791 the 1st battalion was relocated to Landau (Palatinate) .

In 1790 the Régiment de la Martinique mutinied and occupied the strong fortification of Fort Bourbon . When the "Régiment de la Guadeloupe" was ordered to take action against the rebels, it also refused to obey and joined the mutineers.

The 2nd battalions of 31 e régiment d'infantry , of 34 e régiment d'infantry and 58 e régiment d'infantry the 2nd battalion were then in Brest, "25 e régiment d'infantry" in Nantes loaded on vessels and set ashore in Martinique to fight the rebels.

The 2nd Battalion 25 e RI does not seem to have arrived there because it was in Les Sables-d'Olonne in June . The two battalions were soon reunited in Orléans . The regiment then moved to Verdun in October.

Wars of the Revolution and the First Empire

  • 1792 to 1793: Campaign in Belgium, occupation of Namur . In the battle near Jalin at the beginning of 1792, the 1st battalion under de Rochambeau, with 2,000 infantry and a few horsemen, routed an Austrian corps. Then it stood in the defense of the crossings over the Argonne. After the withdrawal of the Prussians, it marched to Belgium and came back to France after the Battle of Neerwind and the Battle of Hondschoote .

At the end of 1794 it moved into the Vendée to the uprising there to fight.

The 2nd Battalion remained under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Drouart der Lercy during the Prussian invasion of Mézières, then moved to Belgium under Charles-François Dumouriez and was garrisoned at Mons. Only the grenadier company was still available. The rest of the battalion were accused of switching sides with Dumouriez, but this was refuted by Auguste Marie Henri Picot de Dampierre . At the beginning of 1794, the battalion was assigned to Jean-Charles Pichegru's army and took part in the conquest of the Netherlands. In November it was garrisoned in Bergen op Zoom .

Break of the line of tradition

In the course of the premier amalgam , the regimental association was dissolved and not reunited. The 1st Battalion was together with the

4 e battalion de volontaires du Nord
5 e battalion de volontaires de l'Oise

to the 49e demi-brigade de bataille.

The 2nd Battalion was together with the

3 e battalion de volontaires de l'Oise
6 e battalion de volontaires de la Seine-Inférieure

to the 50th demi-brigade de bataille.

This ended the tradition of the regiment - there was no 25th infantry regiment between 1794 and 1803 - until it was continued in 1803 with a newly formed "25 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne".

Battle of Eckmühl

Campaign in Germany and Poland (1805 to 1809)

Campaign in Spain (1810 to 1811)

  • 1810 in Ciudad-Rodrigo and Astorga - 1811 in Carascal

Russian campaign

  • 1812: On 1 January, the 25th Infantry Regiment was, together with the 57 e régiment d'infantry to the 1st Brigade of Général Baron Duppelin. This was assigned to the 5th division. The regiment's garrison was Bremen .
February 1: Departure from Bremen to Stettin
March 10: Arrival in Szczecin
March 20th: March to Marienwerder - stay there until May 10th
May 15: The 5th Division was assigned to Maréchal Davout's 1st Corps . The battalions were divided into several garrisons:
the 1st battalion in Mulhausen
the 2nd Becklenhoff Battalion
the 3rd battalion in Marienfeld
the 4th battalion in Weskenhof
the 6th Battalion in Ponickrendork
June 24th: The 1st Corps and with it the 25th Infantry Regiment crossed the Nyemen and entered the Russian campaign.
June 25th: Arrival in Zismoty
June 27th: Arrival in Jõhvi
June 28th: ​​Arrival in Vilnius

Campaign in Germany (1813)

Campaign in France (1814)

Campaign in Belgium (1815)

1815 to 1848

  • : 1823 in the French invasion of Spain used
  • 1830: By order of September 18, a fourth battalion was set up. From then on the regiment had a staff of 3,000 men.
  • 1832: On June 5th and 6th, the regiment fought the insurgents in Paris . On November 8th, the unit in Lens was on standby.
  • 1852 to 1861: Stationed in Italy. Use in the Sardinian War .
  • 1863: Garrison in Perpignan

1870 to 1914

On August 16, 1870, the regiment set up a fourth battalion of surplus reservists who were advancing. It left the depot and was assigned to the "7 e régiment de marche".

  • October 7, 1870: Use of the "25 e régiment d'infanterie" in the battle of Bellevue
  • 1873: Garrison in Cherbourg
  • 1881 to 1886: Campaign in Tunisia

First World War

At the outbreak of war, the regiment was assigned to the 39th Infantry Brigade in the 20th Infantry Division of the 10th Corps from August 1914 to November 1918.

  • August 24, 1914: Battle of Charleroi
  • August 29, 1914: Battle of the Guise
  • 5th to 12th September 1914: Battle of the Marne
  • 1915: Trench warfare in the Artois
Battlefield on the Somme
  • November 30, 1916 to January 2, 1917: aggressive fighting on the Somme
  • January 2 to February 7, 1917: rest and training at the Camp de Crèvecœur
  • February 7 to March 21, 1917: Trench warfare at Beuvraignes and south of Armancourt, then at Popincourt
  • March 21 to April 24, 1917: Trench warfare in Champagne
  • April 24 to May 25, 1917: Trench warfare in the Cornillet section and at the Ferme des Marquises. On April 30th attack on Mont Cornillet and further on the Grille massif of Moronvilliers.
  • May 25 to June 15, 1917: The regiment moved to rest camps in the west of Châlons-sur-Marne. On June 19, it was moved to Verdun. Here it was used until July 14 for work in preparation for the attack on August 20.
  • July 14 to August 8, 1917: occupation of a sector in the Côte du Poivre and Louvemont section
  • August 8-29, 1917: Retreat from the front, rest and training in the Verdun region
  • August 29 to October 20, 1917: Trench warfare in the Samogneux sector and on the Côte de Talou. German attacks were repulsed on September 9, October 2 and October 6.
  • October 20 to November 6, 1917: rest period at Vanault-les-Dames
  • November 6 to March 3, 1918: Trench warfare in the Verdun sector near les Éparges and Haudiomont
  • March 3 to May 23, 1918: aggressive fighting near Sommedieue

Second World War

On June 1, the regiment from the "Groupement d'unités d'instruction n ° 18" (training group No. 18), consisting of the 2nd battalion of the 14th e régiment d'infanterie , the 18 e régiment d'infanterie and the 57 e régiment d'infanterie , hastily drawn up in the face of impending defeat.

The regiment was still part of the 14 e CDAC (Compagnie Divisionnaire antichar - 14th Division antitank company). It was assigned to the 238th Light Infantry Division. With the French defeat, the unit went under without having shown great effectiveness and was never rebuilt.

Regimental flags since Napoleonic times

On the back of the regimental flag (since Napoleonic times) the campaigns and battles in which the regiment took part are listed in gold letters.

In its history the regiment carried 13 different flags one after the other.

  • 1804

  • 1812

  • 1814 (first restoration)

  • 1854 (Napoléon III)

  • last flag used (back)

Awards

The flag ribbon is decorated with the Croix de guerre 1914–1918 Croix de guerre 1 p.png with a palm branch for an honorable mention in the army command. Furthermore, the regiment was awarded the gold medal of the city of Milan.Medal d'or de Milan.png

The members of the regiment have the right to wear the Fourragère in the colors of the Croix de guerre 1914–1918 (even if it is re-established) .

literature

  • Général Serge Andolenko : Recueil d'historiques de l'infanterie française. Eurimprim, Paris 1969.
  • M. Pinard: Chronologie historique-militaire. Volume 2 ( digitized on Gallica ), 4 ( digitized ), 5 ( digitized ), 7 ( digitized ) and 8 ( digitized ). Claude Hérissant, Paris 1760, 1761, 1762, 1764 and 1778.
  • Jacques Riboud: Souvenir d'une bataille perdue. 1939/1940. François-Xavier de Guibert, 2006, ISBN 978-2-7554-0006-9 .
  • Pierre Lemau de la Jaisse: Cinquième abrégé de la carte générale du militaire de France, sur terre et sur mer. Depuis Novembre 1737 jusqu'en Décembre 1738. Gandouin et al., Paris 1739, OCLC 458013263 .

Footnotes

  1. ↑ previously
  2. ↑ There was no 25th Infantry Regiment between 1794 and 1803.
  3. ↑ The place is unknown.
  4. ↑ Major was not a rank, but a position as head of regimental administration and supply.
  5. ↑ Victor Louis Jean François Belhomme: Histoire de l'infantry en France. Volume 3. p. 461 ( digitized on Gallica ), new edition: CreateSpace , North Charleston 2018.
  6. ↑ which had nothing to do with the old regiment
  7. ↑ Victor Louis Jean François Belhomme: Histoire de l'infantry en France. Volume 5. p. 151 ( digitized on Gallica ).
  8. ↑ «  Décision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT du 14 September 2007 relative aux inscriptions de noms de batailles sur les drapeaux et étendards des corps de troupe de l'armée de terre, du service de santé des armées et du service des essences des armées, Bulletin officiel des armées, n ° 27, 9 November 2007  »(German:“ Provision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 on the appearance of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the Troops of the army, the medical service and the fuel supply branch. Published with the official army bulletin No. 27 of November 9, 2007 ")
  9. ↑ "  Arrêté relatif à l'attribution de l'inscription AFN 1952–1962 sur les drapeaux et étendards des formations des armées et services, du 19 novembre 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie  " (German: "Order AFN 1952–1962 on the assignment of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the formations of the army and the services of November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie ")
  10. ↑ This also applies to units that have already been disbanded, as they can (theoretically) be put back into active service at any time

Web links

Commons : Drapeaux du 25e régiment d'infanterie  - Collection of images, videos and audio files