16 e régiment d'infantry

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Regiment d'Agénois
16 e regiment d'infanterie

16e rég inf 1921 av.png

Regimental flag from 1921 (model 1880)
active 1776 to 1921
Country Blason France modern.svg France
Armed forces Flag of France.svg French armed forces
Armed forces Armée française de terre
Branch of service infantry
Type Infantry regiment
Location Montbrison
Clermont-Ferrand
Patron saint Saint-Maurice d'Agaune

The 16 e régiment d'infanterie was an infantry regiment of the French army and was set up as the Régiment d'Agénois in 1776. It was the second regiment of this name, the first Régiment d'Agénois existed from 1692 to 1749.

Lineup and significant changes

  • 1776: The regiment was formed from the 2nd and 4th battalions of the Régiment de Béarn .
  • January 1, 1791: All regiments lost their old names and were only referred to by numbers: the new name was now temporarily 16 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne "ci-devant Agénois" .
  • September 22, 1794: In the course of the premier amalgams , the regiments were disbanded and the battalions were used to set up the new demi-brigades . The 1st battalion was integrated into the "31 e demi-brigade de bataille de bataille", the 2nd battalion was already in the colonies.
  • 1803: The previous “16 e demi-brigade d'infanterie” was renamed “16 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne”.
  • 1814/1815: During the Restoration and the rule of the Hundred Days , the regiment kept its number.
  • July 16, 1815: In the course of the dissolution of the Napoleonic Army , the regiment was dismissed.
  • August 11, 1815: Re-formation in the royal army as 28 e Légion du Gard
  • 1820: Renaming to "16 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne"
  • 1870: Establishment of the 16 e régiment de marche
  • 1871: Renaming to "16 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne"
  • 1882: Renaming to "16 e régiment d'infanterie"
  • 1914: During the mobilization , the reserve regiment , the "216 e régiment d'infanterie", was set up.
  • 1921: Dissolution in Montbrison (Loire) and Clermont-Ferrand .

Uniforms of the royal army

  • Régiment d'Agénois 1776 to 1779

  • Régiment d'Agénois 1779 to 1791

  • Grenadier of the 16th e regiment d'infanterie de ligne 1791 to 1794

Mestres de camp / Colonels / Chefs de brigade

Mestre de camp was from 1569 to 1661 and from 1730 to 1780 the denomination of rank for the regiment holder and / or for the officer in charge of the regiment. The name "Colonel" was used from 1721 to 1730, from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803, "Chef de brigade" from 1793 to 1803.

After 1791 there were no more regimental owners.

Should the Mestre de camp / Colonel be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment, the command was given to the “Mestre de camp lieutenant” (or “Mestre de camp en second”) or the Leave a colonel lieutenant or colonel en second.

  • April 18, 1776: Louis Pierre Nolasque des Balbi de Bertons, marquis de Crillon
  • November 11, 1776: Charles Dupleix, baron de Cadignan
  • October 3, 1779: Antoine-Joseph-Eulalie de Beaumont , marquis d'Autichamp
  • 1781: Colonel marquis d'Audechamp
  • July 1, 1783: Catherine Jean Alexis, marquis de Rougé
  • January 1, 1784: Jean Charlemagne Maynier, comte de La Salle
  • July 25, 1791: Pierre Louis de Blottefière
  • October 26, 1792: Jacques Hyacinthe Leblanc de La Courbe
  • 1791: Colonel Pierre Louis de Blottefière
  • 1792: Colonel Jacques-Hyacinthe Leblanc De la Combe

[...]

  • 1803: Colonel Jean-Joseph Mabiez de Rouville
  • 1807: Colonel Jacques-Barthélémy Marin
  • 1809: Colonel Pierre César Gudin des Bardelières (wounded July 6, 1809 and October 25, 1811)
  • 1812: Colonel Pierre Louis Lamotte
  • July 27, 1814 to July 1815: Colonel Augustin Pons
  • 1829: Colonel Laurent Vincent Victor Amédée Frédéric Eugène comte Borgarelli d'Ison
  • September 18, 1870 to October 30, 1870: Colonel Jean Baptiste Cérez
  • December 13, 1870 to January 2, 1871: Colonel Jean Pierre Martial Ritter

[...]

  • 1887: Léon Frédéric Hubert Metzinger

[...]

  • June 20, 1911 to September 8, 1914: Colonel Horace Fernand Achille Pentel
  • ?? until 1921: Colonel Léon Jean-Baptiste Clerc

Wounded and fallen officers of the regiment in the period from 1804 to 1815:

  • fallen: 35
  • Died from the wounds: 11
  • wounded: 126

Mission history

1776 to 1803

The 2nd Battalion was moved to Guadeloupe soon after the formation . The 1st battalion left Metz on June 20, 1776 and initially moved into a garrison in Saarlouis , only to be relocated to Vannes in September . In March 1777 the command was sent to Saint-Servais (Finistère) and in September of the same year to Brest (Finistère) , where it was embarked for Guadeloupe on October 9th. Here the regiment was brought together again and was garrisoned in Cap Français for the next two years .

  • 1778 :

Part of the regiment was shipped to North America with the fleet of Comte Charles Henri d'Estaing and took part in the unsuccessful siege of Savannah (Georgia) . Here is Lieutenant Blandat fallen, four other officers were wounded. Then the department was moved to the island of Grenada .

  • 1781 :

The regiment was reunited on the island of Martinique and on August 5th completely loaded onto the ships of the Comte de Grasse to be brought back to the North American mainland to reinforce the Rochambeau army . Together with the Régiment de Touraine , it landed in Chesapeake Bay on August 15 just at the time when General Cornwallis was surrounded by George Washington and Rochambeau in Yorktown, Virginia .

The Marquis de Saint-Simon, who coordinated the reinforcements, reached the James River on September 2nd and arrived on September 4th in Williamsburg, Virginia , four lieues from Yorktown. On September 25, Yorktown was enclosed, on October 3, two grenadier companies and the regiment's fighters attacked the advanced British entrenchments and pushed the crews back behind the main wall. Work on the siege trenches began at six in the evening. On October 15th a sortie could be denied, and on October 19th Cornwallis surrendered with 6000 infantry and 1500 sailors. On November 5, the regiment was re-embarked and returned to Martinique. In the last days of 1781 part of the regiment was transported on the ships of the Comte de Grasse to the island of Saint-Christophe , where it arrived on January 11, 1782.

  • 1782 :

The grenadiers and fighters of the Agénois and Touraine regiments , a total of 300 men, remained behind to guard the port of Basse-Terre , while the rest of the troops marched to the siege of Brimstone Hill Fortress . The fort surrendered on February 12th. After this action, the regiment went back on board the ships and was involved in the Battle of Les Saintes on April 12th . Most of the fusilier companies were on board the 74-gun ships of the line "L'Hector" and "Le César". "L'Hector" was captured, the crew and the soldiers transported were taken prisoner. “Le César” was also captured, but during the night a fire broke out and reached the ammunition chamber, whereupon the ship with all men on board was blown up.

The remnants of the regiment then returned to France, where it was reunited and refreshed in Nantes in September 1783. It was first moved to Wissembourg and moved to Fort-Louis in October 1784 , to Strasbourg in June 1785 , to Poitiers in November 1785 and to Saintes in April 1786 . During 1788 the two battalions occupied the Île de Ré and the Île d'Oléron . The following year the regiment was then housed in Marennes (Charente-Maritime) , Poitiers, Niort and Rochefort (Charente-Maritime) and concentrated in Rochefort in October.

The inhabitants of the Saintonge and the Aunis have preserved the memory of the temperance and humanity of the soldiers of d'Agénois who distributed their bread and their wood to the poor in the cruel winter of 1789.

In 1790 the corps sent men to ships whose sailors could no longer be trusted. The regiment was also used to maintain peace and order.

  • 1791 :

The 2nd Battalion moved to Santo Domingo . In 1794, 300 men served as "La garde béarnaise" under Toussaint Louverture after the black general had conquered the town of La Marmelade. In 1794 the battalion returned to France without three officers and 23 men.

The 1st Battalion was first transferred to Fort Château-Trompette and the Citadel of Blaye , and then to Tours and, in July 1792, to Épernay . After the cannonade at Valmy in October, the regiment was assigned to Kellermann's army and then to the Armée du Nord , where it took part in the siege of Namur .

1803 to 1815

The regiment was dissolved by the army reform Premier amalgame and only reorganized from the "16 e demi-brigade d'infanterie" in 1803 . However, this had nothing to do with the original regimental tradition.

  • 1805 : The "16 e régiment d'infanterie" was in Spain.
Battle of Ebelsberg
  • 1809 : Campaign in Germany
Garrison in Neumarkt in the Upper Palatinate , then participation in the Battle of Ebelsberg , the Battle of Aspern , the Battle of Wagram and the Battle of Znaim
1809 : Siege of Roses and Siege of Gerona
1810 : capture of Fort Olivio, siege of Tarragona and the monastery of Montserrat
1811 : Siege of Sagunto , Battle of Sagunto, Siege of Valencia , Alicante and Saint-Felipe, Siege and capture of Tarragona
1813 : Colonel Borgarelli d'Ison was captured and wounded in the Battle of Vitoria on June 21st.
  • 1812 : Campaign in Germany
Battle of Lützen (1813)
Battle of Bautzen
Battle of Dresden
Battle of the Nations near Leipzig
  • 1814 : Campaign in France
Battle of La Rothière
Battle of Vauchamps
Battle of La Fère-Champenoise
Battle of Paris

1815 to 1848

1828 to 1833 : Participation in the “Expédition de Morée”, the French landing in the Peloponnese to support the insurgents during the Greek War of Independence . Siege of Navarin .
1828 to 1829 : The "16 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne" belonged to the 1st Brigade and was commanded by Colonel comte Borgarelli d'Ison. At that time the regiment had a strength of 59 officers and 1,264 NCOs and men. There were also seven officer horses and 13 draft horses.
1830 : By order of September 18, a fourth battalion was set up, increasing the number of personnel to 3000 men.
  • 1832 : In June the regiment participated in the suppression of the Republican uprising in Paris.

Second Empire

1870 to 1914

Franco-German War

  • On October 7, 1870, the regiment was assigned the 2nd depot company of the 26th e régiment d'infanterie de ligne (1 officer and 216 men)
  • On January 23, 1871, the "volunteers for the duration of the war" joined the regiment.

First World War

  • 1914: Garrison in Montbrison (Loire) and Clermont-Ferrand.

Subordination from August 1914 to November 1918: 50th Infantry Brigade in the 26th Infantry Division in the 13th Army Corps.

1914

1915

  • September 1915 to January 1916: Trench warfare on the Oise at the Ferme d'Antoval

1916

1917

  • January to March: trench warfare near Canny-sur-Matz on the Oise
  • March: Relocation to the Saint-Quentin region
  • April to June: aggressive fighting near Saint-Quentin, Rocourt, Oëstres
  • August: Attack fighting near Verdun in the Avocourt forest
  • September to November: aggressive fighting at Boureuilles in the Argonne
  • December 1917 to January 1918: aggressive fighting near Verdun and Bezonvaux

1918

  • February to June trench warfare in the Argonne
  • July: Second Battle of the Marne , fighting at Grand-Rozoy
  • August to September: Fights on the Vesle, Oise and Ostel

Regimental flags 1791 to 1921

On the back of the regimental flag (since Napoleonic times) the campaigns and battles in which the regiment took part are listed in gold letters.

  • Régiment d'Agénois 1776 to 1791

  • 1st Battalion 1791

  • 2nd Battalion 1791

  • 1st Battalion 1793

  • 1st Battalion 1793

  • 1st Battalion 1804

  • 1st Battalion 1804

  • 1812

  • Reverse side of the flag model 1880

Awards

The flag ribbon is decorated with the Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with three palm branches. Croix de guerre 3 palmes.png.

Members of the regiment have the right (even if they are returned to service) to wear the Fourragère in the colors of the Croix de guerre 1914–1918.

literature

  • Éric Labayle, Michel Bonnaud: Répertoire des corps de troupes de l'armée française pendant la Grande Guerre. Volume 1: L'infanterie métropolitaine. Units d'active. Notices historiques. Éditions Claude Bonnaud, 464 pp.
  • Général Serge Andolenko : Recueils d'historiques de l'infanterie française. 2nd Edition. Eurimprim, Paris 1969, 413 pp.
  • M. Pinard: Chronologie historique-militaire. Volume 5 ( digitized on Gallica ) and 8 ( digitized ). Claude Hérissant, Paris 1762 and 1778.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Antoine M. Métral: Histoire de l'expédition des Français à Saint-Domingue. Fanjat Aîné, Paris 1825 ( limited preview in Google book search).
  2. ↑ Alexandre-André Duheaume (Capitaine of 58 e régiment d'infantry de ligne): Souvenirs de la Morée, pour servir à l'histoire de l'expédition Française. Anselin, Paris 1833 (new edition 2017, ISBN 978-2-339-49292-3 ).
  3. ↑ Victor Louis Jean François Belhomme: Histoire de l'infantry en France. Volume 5. Henri Charles-Lavauzelle, Paris 1893, p. 151.
  4. ^ Aristide Martinien: La Guerre de 1870–1871. La mobilization de l'armée. Mouvement des dépôts (Armée active). Du 15 July 1870 au 1 er mars 1871. L. Fournier, Paris 1911, p. 69 ( digitized on Gallica ).
  5. ↑ «  Décision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT du 14 September 2007 relative aux inscriptions de noms de batailles sur les drapeaux et étendards des corps de troupe de l'armée de terre, du service de santé des armées et du service des essences des armées, Bulletin officiel des armées, n ° 27, 9 November 2007  »(German:“ Provision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 on the appearance of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the Troops of the army, the medical service and the fuel supply branch. Published with the official army bulletin No. 27 of November 9, 2007 ")
  6. ↑ "  Arrêté relatif à l'attribution de l'inscription AFN 1952–1962 sur les drapeaux et étendards des formations des armées et services, du 19 novembre 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie  " (German: "Order AFN 1952–1962 on the assignment of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the formations of the army and the services of November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie ")
  7. ↑ This also applies to units that have already been disbanded, as they can (theoretically) be put back into active service at any time

Web links

Commons : Flags of the 16 ° regiment d'infanterie  - Collection of images, videos and audio files