98 e régiment d'infantry

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Regiment de Bouillon
98 e regiment d'infanterie

Insigne régimentaire du 98e Régiment d'Infanterie.jpg

Internal association badge
active 1757 to 1940
Country Armoiries république française.svg France
Armed forces Flag of France.svg French armed forces
Armed forces Flag of France.svg Armée française de terre
Branch of service infantry
Type Infantry regiment
Nickname Regiment du bois des loges (wooden hut regiment)
Patron saint Saint-Maurice d'Agaune
motto Toujours Prêt
Awards Fourragère in the colors of the Médaille militaire , Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with four palm branches.

The 98 e régiment d'infanterie was set up in 1757 as the Régiment de Bouillon , a so-called "Régiment étranger" ( foreign regiment ) of the French army .

Lineup and significant changes

  • January 18, 1757: Establishment of the regiment de Bouillon
  • January 1, 1791: renamed 98 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne
  • March 12, 1795: In the course of the Premier amalgams , the 1st Battalion was used to set up the 175 e demi-brigade de bataille.
  • March 21, 1795: The 2nd battalion was used to set up the 176 e demi-brigade de bataille.
  • 1814: After the first restoration , the regiment with the entire Napoleonic army was dismissed by King Louis XVIII in September 1814. Thereafter it is not mentioned anywhere until 1855, so it can be assumed that it was not reactivated during the reign of the Hundred Days either. (In the French regimental lists it is referred to as "vacant" for 1815.)
  • 1855: In the course of the reorganization of the French infantry in 1854, the 23 e régiment d'infanterie légère was converted to the 98 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne .
  • 1882: renamed to 98 e régiment d'infanterie
  • 1914: During the mobilization, the regular reserve regiment , the 298 e régiment d'infanterie , was set up.

Background to the list

The regiment was set up and equipped by the Duke of Bouillon, who then rented it to the French crown. The Duke of Bouillon was at this time - at least formally - part of the German Reich , which is why the regiment as "German regiment" (Régiment anglais) referred to was, even though virtually no Germans were certainly there. The status as a foreign regiment no longer existed since the army reform of January 1, 1791.

Regimental flag until 1791

  • Régiment de Bouillon from 1757 to 1791

Uniformity

  • Grenadier of the regiment de Bouillon 1762 to 1776
  • Régiment de Bouillon 1776 to 1791
  • Grenadier des 98 e regiment d'infanterie de ligne 1791 to 1792
  • Grenadier des 98 e regiment d'infanterie de ligne 1792 to 1795

Mestres de camp / Colonels

Mestre de camp was from 1569 to 1661 and from 1730 to 1780 the denomination of rank for the regiment holder and / or for the officer in charge of the regiment. The name "Colonel" was used from 1721 to 1730, from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803 onwards.

After 1791 there were no more regimental owners.

Should the Mestre de camp / Colonel be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment (such as the king or queen), the command was given to the "Mestre de camp lieutenant" (or “Mestre de camp en second”) or the “Colonel-lieutenant” or “Colonel en second”.

  • January 18, 1757: Godefroy Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne, duc de Bouillon, Mestre de camp as owner
The first regimental owner, Godefroy Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne, duc de Bouillon, in 1772

(...)

  • 1880 to 1885: Charles Gustave Castaigne
  • Rozée d'Infreville
  • [...]
  • […] Until September 6, 1914: Lieutenant-colonel Deffis
  • September 6, 1914 to October 15, 1916: Lieutenant-colonel, then Colonel Didier
  • October 15 to October 21, 1916: Commandant Ferrand
  • October 21 to the end of the war: Lieutenant-Colonel, then Colonel Gaube

structure

  • January 18, 1757: 2 battalions of 8 companies of 85 men each
  • December 21, 1762: Dissolution of the 2nd battalion
  • April 15, 1769: Reinforcement of the fusilier companies to 100 men
  • April 26, 1775: Creation of a 2nd battalion by taking over the 3rd battalion of the Régiment d'Alsace

Battle calendar

In the course of the army reform in 1792 and the associated premier amalgams , the regimental association ceased to exist. He was called in with the 1st battalion to form the 175 e and the 2nd battalion to form the 176 e demi-brigade de bataille . On September 24, 1803, with the reorganization of the French infantry, the 98 e régiment d'infanterie was set up again. The 3rd Battalion of the 98 e demi-brigade d'infanterie was used for this purpose. (This had nothing to do with the original regiment.)

Battle of Lützen (1813)
  • 1814: Campaign in France
February 14, 1814: Battle of Vauchamps

Second empire

Siege of Sevastopol (1854)
Battle of Montebello

1870 to 1914

October 7, 1870: Battle of Bellevue
One company of the regiment was posted to the 44th Marching Regiment and fought in the autumn of 1870 in the skirmishes at Chilleurs, Ladon , Boiscommun , Neuville-aux-Bois and Maizières in the Loiret department .

First World War

During the mobilization the regiment was stationed in Roanne . It belonged to the 50th Infantry Brigade in the 25th Infantry Division of the 13th Army Corps.

  • 1914
Participation in the border battles :
August 2nd to September 16th: Fights near Sarrebourg and Xaffévillers
September 17 to October 8: Battle of the Aisne (1914) , battle near Béthancourt
4th to 8th October: Fights on the Bois des Loges near Beuvraignes
  • 1915
Trench warfare in the Argonne
  • 1916
25 February to 15 October: Battle of Verdun (fights at Rabenwald and Mort-Homme)
In the period from October 16 to December 12, 1916, the regiment recorded losses:
Officers: killed 2; wounded 3; missed 0
NCOs: killed 4; wounded 22; missed 1
Corporals: fallen 10; wounded 20; missed 1
Teams: fallen 88; wounded 213; missed 1
  • 1917
October 1916 to March 15, 1917: fighting on the Somme , Chilly section , then rest in Saint-Thiébault
March 16 to July 27, 1917: Aggressive fighting on the Hindenburg Line
28 July to 24 December 1917: aggressive fighting near Verdun , Avocourt section
  • 1918
Battle of the Aisne (1918)

After the peace treaty, the regiment marched through Belgium and Luxembourg as an occupying force to Germany. It took the route via Diekirch , Trier , Morbach , Boppard, crossed the Rhine on December 14, 1918 on the ship bridge in Koblenz and then moved via Niederlahnstein and Nassau (Lahn) to Diez . Here it was quartered in the area. On March 3, the march back to France began via Frankfurt am Main and Wiesbaden-Biebrich .

  • Individual awards
The Cross of the Legion of Honor was awarded to 47 officers (posthumously awarded awards are not counted).
299 members of the regiment were awarded the Médaille militaire .

Second World War

The 98 e RI under the command of Colonel Mignon was assigned to the 26th Infantry Division in the 6th Corps of Général Condé's 3rd Army.

After a period of training at the Camp de Mourmelon military training area, the regiment was posted to the Maginot Line , where it occupied the sector of Narbéfontaine . From mid-May to June 12, the regiment had to repel a number of German attacks. On June 12, the general order to withdraw was given and the 98 e RI was commanded to the Seille . On June 15, it was rearguard at the Nied , where it blew up the bridges. After another series of retreats, the majority of the regiment fell into German captivity on June 18, 1940 near Maixe on the Rhine-Marne Canal, the rest were able to move south. With the 26th Infantry Division, the remainder of the 98 e RI were also captured by the Germans on the night of June 20th to 21st in the forest of Charmes (Vosges) .

With that, the regiment also ceased to exist de jure. It was not put back up.

Regimental flags 1791 to 1940

On the back of the regimental flag (since Napoleonic times) the campaigns and battles in which the regiment took part are listed in gold letters.

  • 1st battalion 1791 to 1793 with the royal lilies

  • 2nd battalion 1791 to 1793 with the royal lilies

  • 1st battalion 1793 to 1793 without royal lilies

  • 2nd battalion 1793 to 1793 without royal lilies

  • Model from 1880 (front side)

  • Model from 1880 (back in 1940)

Awards

The flag ribbon is decorated with the Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with four palm branches. Croix de guerre 4 p.png

In the event of a possible re-establishment, the members of the regiment have the right to wear the Fourragère in the colors of the Médaille militaire .

Motto

Toujours Prêt
(Always ready)

literature

  • Sieurs de Montandre-Longchamps: État militaire de la France pour l'année 1760. Guillyn, Paris 1760.
  • Victor Louis Jean François Belhomme: Histoire de l'infanterie en France. Volume 3. Henri Charles-Lavauzelle, Paris 1893.
  • Général Serge Andolenko : Recueil d'historiques de l'infanterie française. Eurimprim, Paris 1969.
  • Colonel G. Gaube: Journal des Marches et Opérations du 98 e rég t d'inf rie du 2 Août 1914 au 6 September 1919 - Sarrebourg, Les Loges, Verdun, La Somme, S t -Quentin, Avocourt, G d -Rozoy, La Vesle, Vailly, l'Occupation. Roanne Souchier, Paris 1924 ( digitized on Gallica ).

Web links

Commons : Flags of the 98 e régiment d'infanterie  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ↑ «  Décision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT du 14 September 2007 relative aux inscriptions de noms de batailles sur les drapeaux et étendards des corps de troupe de l'armée de terre, du service de santé des armées et du service des essences des armées, Bulletin officiel des armées, n ° 27, 9 November 2007  »(German:“ Provision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 on the appearance of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the Troops of the army, the medical service and the fuel supply branch. Published with the official army bulletin No. 27 of November 9, 2007 ")
  2. ↑ "  Arrêté relatif à l'attribution de l'inscription AFN 1952–1962 sur les drapeaux et étendards des formations des armées et services, du 19 novembre 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie  " (German: "Order AFN 1952–1962 on the assignment of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the formations of the army and the services of November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie ")
  3. ↑ This also applies to units that have already been disbanded, as they can (theoretically) be put back into active service at any time