3 e régiment d'infantry

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Regiment de Piémont
3 e  regiment d'infanterie

Insigne régimentaire du 3e régiment d'infanterie.jpgInsigne régimentaire du 3e regiment d'infanterie alpine (1939) .jpg

Internal association badge as infantry and mountain regiment
active 1569 to August 1, 1977
Country Armoiries république française.svg France
Armed forces Flag of France.svg French armed forces
Armed forces Flag of France.svg Armée française de terre
Branch of service infantry
Type Infantry regiment
motto Résolus de crever plutôt que de ne pas tenir bon.
Piémont est un des plus braves regiments du monde. (Cardinal Richelieu - 1636)
commander
commander Last:

The 3 e règiment d'infanterie was an infantry regiment of the French armed forces . Established in 1569 under the Ancien Régime , it existed until 1977.

Ordonance flag until 1791

It was one of the Six Grands Vieux of the six "great old regiments" in the army of the Ancien Régime .

Before regiment numbering was introduced on January 1, 1791, it was last named Régiment de Piémont in the royal French army .

List and renaming in chronological order

  • 1494: Establishment of a precursor unit: Bandes delà les monts or Bandes noires
  • 1569: Creation of the “Régiment de Brissac” from the “Bandes delà les monts”.
  • 1585: Renamed "Régiment de Piémont".
  • June 1685: incorporation of eight companies of the reduced Régiment de Conti
  • 1776: Delivery of the 1st and 3rd battalions to form the Régiment de Blaisois
  • 1791: Renamed "3 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne".
  • 1793 First army reform The regiment was than 1 he bataillon (ci-devant Piedmont) for 5 e demi-brigade de Bataille and 2 e bataillon (ci-devant Piedmont) for 6 e demi-brigade de Bataille off. This ends the regimental association and the line of tradition
  • 1803: Renaming of the "3 e demi-brigade d'infanterie de ligne" to 3 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne (de facto continuation of the regiment tradition)
  • 1814: During the first restoration , the name was changed to: "Régiment Le Dauphin".
  • 1815: During the reign of the Hundred Days , the name was changed back to: "3 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne"
  • July 16, 1815: The regiment in Trézée ( Loir-et-Cher ) was dismissed along with the entire Napoleonic army .
  • August 11, 1815: List of the "3 e légion de l'Allier" and the "57 e légion de la Nièvre". Due to a lack of personnel, these two legions were later merged under the name "3 e légion de l'Allier et de la Nièvre".
  • October 23, 1820: 1820  : the “3 e légion de l'Allier et de la Nièvre” was renamed “3 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne”.
  • 1854: Renamed to: "3 e régiment d'infanterie".
  • 1920: Reclassification and renaming in: "3 e régiment d'infanterie alpine". (3rd Mountain Infantry Regiment)
  • 1940: Disbanded after the armistice
  • 1944: Reinstatement as: "3 e régiment d'infanterie alpine"
  • 1946: dissolution
  • 1956: re-established as: "3 e régiment d'infanterie"
  • 1962: dissolution
  • 1964: re-established as: "3 e bataillon d'infanterie"
  • 1965: Reclassification and renaming in: "3 e régiment d'infanterie"
  • 1967: dissolution
  • 1968: Reinstatement as: "3 e régiment d'infanterie"
  • August 1, 1977: dissolution

Mestres de camp / Colonels

Mestre de camp was from 1569 to 1661 and from 1730 to 1780 the denomination of rank for the regiment holder and / or for the officer in charge of the regiment. The name "Colonel" was used from 1721 to 1730, from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803 onwards.

After 1791 there were no more regimental owners.

Should the Mestre de camp / Colonel be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment (such as the king or queen), the command was given to the "Mestre de camp lieutenant" (or “Mestre de camp en second”) or the “Colonel-lieutenant” or “Colonel en second”.

  • 1791: Colonel Jean-Louis de Blou De Chadenac
  • 1792: Colonel Jean-Baptiste Cambios d'Audrian

(...)

  • 1803: Colonel Laurent Schobert
  • 1811: Colonel Louis Ducouret
  • 1813: Colonel Claude-Marcel Deslon
  • 1814: Colonel Pierre Claude Lebaillif
  • 1814: Colonel Hubert Vautrin

(...)

  • 1830: Colonel Jean Pierre François Dieudonné Roussel
  • 1853: Colonel Auguste-Alexandre Ducrot
  • 1870: Colonel Champion
  • 1903–1905: Colonel Paul Louis Durand
  • 1939: Colonel Mauris
  • June 13, 1940: Commandant Truttman

Colonels of the “3 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne” killed or wounded

  • Colonel Laurent Schobert: wounded June 10, 1807 and July 6, 1809
  • Colonel Ducouret: wounded February 5, 1812 and August 31, 1813
  • Colonel Vautrin: wounded June 18, 1815

Fallen and wounded officers during the First Empire

  • Liked: 47
  • Died of her wounds: April 24
  • Wounded: 216

Battle calendar

Franco-Federal War

Huguenot Wars

Thirty Years' War

1635:

the regiment was able to distinguish itself during the siege of Speyer. On March 19, it was commanded , together with the Régiment de Ramboures, to the army of the Maréchal de Châtillon in Mézières .

1638 :

The regiment, together with the Régiment de La Marine, successfully defended the town of Saint-Omer (Pas-de-Calais) against the troops of Piccolomini .

1643:

Battle of Rocroi In the battle the regiment was able to distinguish itself again. Together with the Régiment de Ramboures, it was on the left wing of the first line.

1646:

Siege of Fort Mardyck

Fronde

War of the Palatinate Succession

War of the Spanish Succession

War of the Austrian Succession

Seven Years War

Revolution and First Empire

  • 1803: Assigned to the Grande Armée in the field camp of Saint-Omer (Pas-de-Calais) . It received the former "83 e  demi-brigade d'infanterie de ligne" and was thus reinforced from two to four battalions.
  • 1805: The regiment was assigned to the “3 e division d'infanterie” under Général Legrand in the “4 e corps d'armée” by Maréchal Soult .
August 27th: Arrival in Vienna
November 16: Hollabrunn
December 2nd: Battle of Austerlitz . The regiment lost 432 men dead and wounded, and 102 men prisoners.
  • February 1806: Departure from Braunau in the Kingdom of Bavaria.
  • 1807:
March 6th: March to the Vistula . Staff: 60 officers and 2,834 men. The 4th Battalion remained in garrison in Strasbourg (6 officers and 604 men). A detachment of 137 men remained in Berlin .
June 10: Battle of Heilsberg .
June 14th: Battle of Friedland (the regiment killed 1508).
Garrison in Gdansk
November 11th: departure from Gdansk
  • 1808: The regiment consisted of three battalions with 88 officers and 2179 men. Prentziow was the garrison
  • 1809:
April 19: Garrison in Thann
April 21: In Schierling, then battle near Eckmühl
May 20-22: Battle of Aspern
July 5-6: Battle of Wagram
  • 1810: Return to Paris and reorganization into a "Five Battalion Regiment". Consisting of the regimental staff and five battalions, four of which were formed from one grenadier company, one voltigeur company and four fusilier companies. The 5th battalion was the depot battalion. (Training and replacement)
  • 1811: The grenadier and voltigeur companies were deployed in Spain.
  • 1812: Sanguessa and Bilbao .
  • 1813: Battle of Bidassoa , Battle of Nivelle and Bayonne .
  • Campaign in Germany - from May 1, 1813 to April 1814: assigned to the "50 e division d'infanterie" of Général Louis Joseph de Vichery , in the "13 e corps d'armée" of the Maréchal Davout , battle of the Göhrde (500; Fallen and Wounded).
  • Campaign in France
December 1813 - March 28, 1814: Fighting in the division of Général Rottembourg , part of the “7e corps d'armée” of Général Oudinot .
February 17th: Battle at Provins
February 27: Battle of Bar-sur-Aube
March 20-21 : Battle of Arcis-sur-Aube

* 1815: The 3 RI was assigned to the "6 e division d'infanterie" of Lieutenant General Prince Jérôme Bonaparte . This belonged to the "2 e corps d'armée" in the "Armée du Nord" of Lieutenant General Honoré-Charles Reille .

June 16: Battle of Quatre-Bras
June 17th: in Gentinnes
June 18: Battle of Waterloo (casualties: 21 officers out of 42 and 292 men out of 1105).

1815 to 1848

  • 1830:
June 14th: Shipment to Africa, landing in Sidi Ferruch
June 19: Battle of Staoueli,
June 24 and 29: Skirmishes at Dely Ibrahim and Sidi Kalef,
June 30th to July 5th: Siege and capture of Algiers
December 3: return to France

Second empire
August 6, 1870: Battle of Wörth
August 17, 1870: the 3 e régiment d'infantry assigned to the "Armée de Chalons'.

Together with the "17 e bataillon de chasseurs" (17th Jäger Battalion) under Commandant Merchier and the 21 e régiment d'infanterie under Colonel Morand, the [[3 e RI]] formed the 1 re brigade (1st brigade) of Général Nicolaï. This 1 re brigade together with the 2 e brigade des Général Maire, two field gun batteries with four guns each, a mitrailleuse battery and a pioneer company formed the 1 re division d'infanterie (1st infantry division), commanded by the Général de division Douay .

August 23-26, 1870: March to Eastern France
August 30, 1870: Battle of Beaumont
August 31, 1870: Battle of Sedan

1870 to 1914

  • 1875: Garrison in Nîmes , Colonel Rode was in command.
  • 1875: Garrison in Corsica, commanding officer from 186 to 1882 was Colonel Gabriel Bellegarrigue
  • 1880: Garrison in Cambrai .

First World War

  • When the war broke out in 1914, the regiment was garrisoned in Digne and Hyères . It consisted of three battalions and belonged to the "58 e brigade d'infanterie" in the "29 e  division d'infanterie" of the "15 e  corps d'armée".
August 24th and 26th: Battle of the Trouée de Charmes
September 26-28 : Fighting in the Woëvre and on the upper Meuse near Apremont-la-Forêt
October 28th and 29th: Fights in Forges Forest near Verdun

Second World War

During the mobilization in 1939, the “3 e régiment d'infanterie alpine” (RIA) in Hyères , Sospel , and Nice was set up by the “Center mobilisateur d'infanterie” 153 (CIM). The commandant was Colonel Mauris, then from June 13, 1940 the former battalion commander ( Chef de bataillon ) Commandant Truttman. It belonged to the "29 e division d'infanterie alpine" (29th mountain division)

After 1945

In 1946 the regiment was disbanded. Rebuilt in 1956, it took part in the Algerian War, only to be dissolved again in 1962. In 1964 it was rebuilt as the “3 e bataillon d'infanterie” and in 1965 it was increased to the “3 e régiment d'infanterie”. Another decommissioning took place in 1967. On July 1, 1968, it was set up again by levies from the 129 e RI .

It was then stationed in Radolfzell and was part of the "13 e brigade motorisée" (13th motorized brigade) of the "3 e division", which was under the command of Général de brigade Duchatel. The regimental commander at that time was Colonel Renault.

During this time the 1st Company was on friendly terms with the Jäger Battalion 102 of the Bundeswehr in Bayreuth.

On August 1, 1977, the regiment was disbanded. ( One of the four oldest regiments in France closes the book of its history .)

In 1978, in the field camp of Garrigues near Nîmes, a "3 e régiment d'infanterie" as "Régiment de manœuvre et d'expérimentation de l'École d'application d'infanterie" (3rd infantry regiment for training and experiments in the infantry equipment school) in Montpellier established and assigned as the Régiment d'infanterie mécanisé (Mechanized Infantry Regiment) of the "14e division légère blindée" (14th Light Armored Division). It was disbanded on June 30, 1999.

Regimental flag

On the back of the regimental flag (since Napoleonic times) the campaigns and battles in which the regiment took part are listed in gold letters.

Fourragère in the colors of the Croix de guerre 1914-1918

3rd regiment d'infanterie de ligne - drapeau.svg

Awards

  • The flag ribbon is decorated with the Croix de guerre 1914-1918 with two palm branches for honorable mentions in the army command.
  • On April 17, 1919, the regiment's flag was pinned in Bad Kreuznach by the Général Fayolle with the Fourragère des Croix de guerre 1914-1918.
  • Honorable mentions in the daily order of the army corps: the 2nd and 3rd battalions on May 5, 1918, a combat group of nine companies was mentioned in the daily order of the 29th Infantry Division on November 13, 1917.
  • Two companies were highlighted by regimental orders.

In the event of a possible reconstruction, the members of the regiment have the right to wear the Fourragère in the colors of the Croix de guerre .

Motto

Résolus de crever plutôt que de ne pas tenir bon
(Better to die than fail)

Personalities who have served in the 3 e RI

Uniform in the 18th century

  • Uniforms 1720–1791

  • Régiment de Piémont from 1720 to 1734

  • Officer of the Régiment de Piémont from 1720 to 1734

  • Régiment de Piémont from 1734 to 1757

  • Régiment de Piémont from 1757 to 1762

  • Régiment de Piémont from 1762 to 1774

  • Régiment de Piémont 1775

  • Régiment de Piémont from 1776 to 1779

  • Régiment de Piémont from 1779 to 1791

  • 3 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne from 1791 to 1792

  • 3 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne from 1792 to 1794

literature

  • Taken from: Recueil d'Historiques de l'Infanterie Française (Général Andolenko - Eurimprim 1969).

Footnotes

  1. ↑ which had nothing to do with the former 3 e regiment d'infanterie
  2. ↑ One tried to differentiate itself from Napoleonic with the name Legion
  3. ↑ Braunau was still part of Bavaria at that time
  4. ↑ more precise information is not available
  5. ↑ more precise information is not available
  6. ↑ «  Décision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT du 14 September 2007 relative aux inscriptions de noms de batailles sur les drapeaux et étendards des corps de troupe de l'armée de terre, du service de santé des armées et du service des essences des armées, Bulletin officiel des armées, n ° 27, 9 November 2007  »(German:“ Provision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 on the appearance of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the Troops of the army, the medical service and the fuel supply branch. Published with the official army bulletin No. 27 of November 9, 2007 ")
  7. ↑ "  Arrêté relatif à l'attribution de l'inscription AFN 1952–1962 sur les drapeaux et étendards des formations des armées et services, du 19 novembre 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie  " (German: "Order AFN 1952–1962 on the assignment of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the formations of the army and the services of November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie ")
  8. ↑ This also applies to units that have already been disbanded, as they can (theoretically) be put back into active service at any time

Web links

  • chtimiste.com citations collectives des regiments d'infanterie de 1914-1918.
Commons : Flags of the 3rd regiment d'infanterie  - collection of images, videos and audio files