17 e régiment d'infantry

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Regiment du Bourg de Lespinasse
Regiment d'Auvergne
17 e regiment d'infanterie

Rég du Bourg de Lespinasse 1597.png

Ordinance flag of the Rég Bourg de Lespinasse & all follow-up associations up to 1791
active 1597 to 1921
Country Blason France modern.svg France
Armed forces Flag of France.svg French armed forces
Armed forces Flag of France.svg Armée française de terre
Branch of service infantry
Type Infantry Regiment
Location Langres
Patron saint Saint Maurice
motto Invicta Legio
Auvergne toujours
Awards Fourragere in the colors of the Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with two palm branches

The 17th e régiment d'infanterie was a regiment of the French army that was set up in 1597 as the Regiment du Bourg de Lespinasse and existed under changing names until 1921.

It belonged to the Petits Vieux (the little old) regiments - with the most respected regiments of the French army - after the six regiments of the Grands Vieux - the old ones .

Lineup and significant changes

  • March 6, 1597: Establishment of the Regiment du Bourg de Lespinasse by decree of Henry IV .
  • December 1621: Incorporation into the "Régiment d'Estissac"
  • 1633: The Régiment d'Estissac became the "Régiment de Maugiron"
  • September 15, 1635: The "Régiment de Maugiron" received the white flag of the Bourbons as regimental flag and took over the name Régiment d'Auvergne .
  • April 18, 1776: The "Régiment d'Auvergne" was divided:
The 1st and 3rd Battalions continued to bear the name, uniform and flag of the Régiment d'Auvergne.
The 2nd and 4th battalions formed the Régiment de Gâtinais
  • January 1, 1791: In the course of the revolution , all regiments lost their previous names and were only given numbers. The "Régiment d'Auvergne" was renamed "17 e régiment d'infanterie" (ci-devant d'Auvergne) .

First reorganization ( Premier amalgame ) with the "28 thermidor an II" (August 15, 1794 ) The 1st battalion of the 17th e régiment d'infanterie (formerly Régiment d'Auvergne) was with the

2 e battalion de volontaires de la Nièvre
10 e battalion de Seine-et-Oise

merged to the 33 e demi-brigade de bataille. formed.

In the "Second Merger", this was incorporated into the "17e demi-brigade de deuxième formation".

The 2nd battalion of the 17th e régiment d'infanterie was with the

3 e battalion de la Meuse and the
4th e battalion de la Moselle

merged to form the 34 e demi-brigade de bataille.

Reorganization of "7 floréal an II" (April 26, 1794)

  • Merging the
"2nd e régiment d'infanterie" des
"17th e régiment d'infanterie" des
«3 e bataillon de volontaires de la Meuse» and des
«4 e battalion de volunteers de la Moselle» for
34 e demi-brigade d'infanterie

Reorganization with the "18 nivose an IV" (January 8, 1796)

    • The la «33 e demi-brigade» was awarded with:
  • "178 e demi-brigade", formed from the 2nd e battalion of the 99e regiment d'infanterie (formerly Régiment de Royal Deux-Ponts), the "6 e battalion de volontaires du Nord" and the "7 e bataillon de volontaires de la Seine-Inférieure ».

and the:

  • Demi-brigade d'Eure et Landes , consisting of the: "5 e bataillon de volontaires de l'Eure", "5 e bataillon de volontaires des Landes" and the "6 e bataillon de volontaires de la Haute-Garonne" became the :
  • 17 e demi-brigade merged.
  • 1803: The 17 e demi-brigade was renamed the 17 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne and continued the tradition of the former “17 e régiment d'infanterie”
  • 1816: During the restoration, the regiment got its old name back
  • 1854: Renaming to 17 e régiment d'infanterie
  • 1914: During the mobilization it set up its reserve regiment , the "217 e régiment d'infanterie".
  • 1921: Deactivated

Mestres de camp / Colonels / Chefs de brigade

Mestre de camp was from 1569 to 1661 and from 1730 to 1780 the denomination of rank for the regiment holder and / or for the officer in charge of the regiment. The name "Colonel" was used from 1721 to 1730, from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803, "Chef de brigade" from 1793 to 1803.

After 1791 there were no more regimental owners.

Should the Mestre de camp / Colonel be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment, the command was given to the “Mestre de camp lieutenant” (or “Mestre de camp en second”) or the Leave a colonel lieutenant or colonel en second.

Regiment du Bourg de Lespinasse
  • March 6, 1597: Antoine du Maine, baron du Bourg de Lespinasse
  • February 1619: Gaspard de Champagne, comte de La Suze
  • 1620: Charles, marquis de Lauzières
Regiment d'Estissac
  • December 20, 1621: Benjamin de La Rochefoucauld, comte d'Estissac
  • May 1, 1629: François de La Rochefoucauld , prince de Marsillac
  • March 24, 1631: Louis Olivier, marquis de Leuville
Regiment de Maugiron
  • March 1, 1633: Claude, comte de Maugiron
Auvergne Regiment
  • September 15, 1635: Claude, comte de Maugiron
  • March 13, 1641: Balthazar, comte de La Roüe
  • March 1645: Marie Madeleine Dreux d'Aubray, marquise de Brinvilliers
  • 1647: N. de Cossart, baron d'Espiès
  • June 4, 1650: Jean-Louis de Louët, marquis de Calvisson
  • September 1655: N. de Forbin, marquis de Janson
  • 1661: N. Le Bouteillier de Senlis, comte de Moussy
  • 1664: Paul de Saint-Aignan, comte de Séry
  • 1666: Charles Honoré d'Albert de Luynes, duc de Chevreuse
  • 1670: François-Annibal d'Estrées , marquis de Cœuvres
  • April 24, 1680: Nicolas, marquis de Presle
  • January 15, 1695 to December 1702: Claude-François de Bouthillier, marquis de Chavigny
  • April 1, 1703: Jean-Louis de Wassinghac, chevalier d'Imécourt
  • January 4, 1705: David d'Alba, seigneur de Grateloup
  • June 5, 1716: Georges-Jacques, comte de Clermont d'Amboise
  • June 15, 1734: Georges-Erasme, marquis de Contades
  • February 21, 1740: Armand-Henri, marquis de Clermont-Gallerande
  • March 6, 1743: Emmanuel-Félicité de Durfort, duc de Duras
  • May 26, 1745: César-François de Beauvoir, marquis de Chatellux
  • March 7, 1759: Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, marquis de Rochambeau
  • February 20, 1761: Charles-François-Ferdinand, marquis de Champagne-Chapton
  • August 4, 1771: Mathieu-Paul-Louis de Montmorency, vicomte de Laval
  • March 10, 1788: Sophie-Jacques, marquis de Courbon-Blénac
Revolution and Empire

[...]

  • 1804: Colonel Nicolas François Conroux
  • December 26, 1805: Colonel Pierre Lanusse
  • 1808: Colonel Jacques-Alexandre Romeuf
  • 1809: Colonel Jacques Joseph Oudet
  • September 21, 1809: Colonel Louis Vasserot
  • 1813: Colonel François de Susbielle
  • 1814: Colonel Nicolas-Noel Gueurel
  • 1804: Colonel Nicolas François Conroux
  • December 26, 1805: Colonel Pierre Lanusse
  • 1808: Colonel Jacques-Alexandre Romeuf
  • 1809: Colonel Jacques Joseph Oudet
  • September 21, 1809: Colonel Louis Vasserot
  • 1813: Colonel Colonel Francois Susbielle
  • 1814: Colonel Nicolas-Noel Gueurel
Regimental commanders killed or wounded during this period
  • Colonel Conroux, wounded December 2, 1805
  • Colonel Pierre Lanusse, wounded June 10, 1807
  • Colonel Oudet, wounded April 20, 1809, died from the wound on July 6, 1809.
  • Colonel Vasserot, wounded August 17, 1812 and November 29, 1812
  • Colonel Susbielle, wounded August 30, 1813

Number of officers wounded and killed between 1804 and 1815:

  • Liked: 43
  • Wounded: 250
  • Died from the wounds: 36

During the restoration

  • 1815: Colonel De la Roche Fontenille
  • 1822: Colonel Pierre Raymond Hector d'Aubusson
  • 1829: Colonel André Jean Alexandre Duprat
  • 1830: Colonel De Veillans
  • 1835: Colonel Carcenac
  • 1847: Colonel Sonnet

II. Republic and Second Empire

  • 1852: Colonel Le Febvre
  • 1852: Colonel Le Brun
  • 1854: Colonel Pecqueux
  • 1860: Colonel Adam
  • 1861: Colonel Adhémar de Lautignac
  • 1864: Colonel De Colomb
  • 1865: Colonel Valentin Weissemburger

III. Republic and IV Republic

  • 1875: Colonel Valessie - Colonel
  • 1884: Colonel Belin - colonel
  • 1889: Colonel Ravez - colonel
  • 1894: Colonel Rigollet - colonel
  • 1914: ColonelBrue
  • 1914: Chief de bataillon then Colonel Mareschal.
  • 1916: Lieutenant-Colonel Paitard, killed on June 1, 1918 at his command post near Pernant by a direct shell hit.
  • 1918: Chef de bataillon Carré
  • 1918: Chief de bataillon Gonse
  • 1918: Lieutenant-colonel Péan

Uniforms of the Ancien Régime and until 1794

  • 1720-1734

  • 1734-1757

  • 1757-1762

  • 1762-1775

  • 1776-1779

  • 1779-1791

  • 1791-1792

  • 1792-1794

Mission history

Huguenot Wars

Siege of Saint-Jean-d'Angély

Dutch War (1672 to 1678)

  • 1672 : On October 10th, the governor of the Netherlands, Wilhelm III. (Orange) to Woerden to besiege and grabbed it immediately that of 3 companies of the Régiment d'Auvergne and a company of the Régiment de Condé Fort Warth held on. He had to break off this attack after major losses.
  • 1674 : Participation in the Battle of Seneffe in which the regiment, together with the Régiment de Condé, took part in the attack on the village of Fay and which had to be held until the end of the day.

War of the Spanish Succession (1701-1714)

  • 1701: On September 1st, it fought in the brigade unit together with the Régiment de Médoc near Chiari
  • 1707: In October the regiment was at the siege of Lleida

War of the Austrian Succession (1742 to 1748)

Seven Years War (1757 to 1763)

  • 1705:

In the War of the Spanish Succession , the regiment fought together with the Régiment de Médoc in the battle near Calcinato

1760 to 1762:

In 1760 it marched with the Regiment d'Orléans and took part in the battle near Korbach , in the battle near Sandershausen and in the battle near Kampen monastery . The following year took part in the battle of Vellinghausen and the siege of Meppen.

  • Aug. 31, 1790: Part of the regiment were at the suppression of the Mutiny in Nancy involved

Wars of the Revolution and the First Empire

  • 1792 : The 1st battalion and the grenadier company of the 2nd battalion were transferred to the "Armée du Nord" under Gilbert du Motier de La Fayette, while the rest of the regiment remained in Metz and belonged to the "Armèe du center" under Kellermann .
September 20: Both battalions of the regiment participated in the cannonade at Valmy . After the Prussians withdrew from France, Dumouriez moved to Belgium and fought in the Battle of Jemappes . It was then assigned to the Armée de la Moselle and took part in the campaign to Trier in December.
  • 1793:
March 18th: Battle of Neerwinden , which ended in disaster for the French. After the battle, the French troops withdrew to Kumtich and Pellenberg.
March 22nd: The Imperial troops launched a general attack on Pellenberg and Korbeek. Hungarian grenadiers captured Bierbeek from the front of the Le Veneur division . He then sent the 17th RI to stabilize the front. The regiment with its commander, Colonel Dumas, pounced on the Hungarians, who were driven out of Bierbeck with bayonets cut, leaving two cannons and half of two battalions dead. However, after the defeat of Neerwinden, the French troops were demoralized and withdrew from Belgium towards Valenciennes . During this retreat, the 17th RI was rearguard and was involved in minor skirmishes at Condé and Valenciennes.
May 8th: The 17th RI , as rearguard in the fire of Austrian batteries, ensured an orderly retreat.
September 15 - October 16: Participation in the defense of Maubeuge
October 16: withdrawn from Maubeuge for the battle of Wattignies .
  • 1793–1794  : the 1st battalion of the regiment remained with the «Armée du Nord» (Northern Army) and took part in the conquest of the Netherlands.
On August 15, the battalion was merged with the “10 e bataillon des volontaires de Seine-et-Oise ” called “Bataillon de Versailles ” and the “2 e bataillon des volontaires de la Niévre ” to form the 33 e demi-brigade.
On April 26, 1794, the battalion was merged with the “3 e bataillon de volontaires de la Meuse ” and the “4 e bataillon de volontaires de la Moselle ” to form the “34 e demi-brigade”.

In the same year, however, the two half-brigades were regrouped to the 17th e regiment d 'infantry

  • 1794  :
Participation in the Battle of Fleurus on June 26th
In October temporarily with the siege army in front of Mainz
April 20: the regiment fought in the Battle of Diersheim
  • 1799: the regiment excelled in the following battles:
March 26-30: Battle of Pastrengo
April 5th: Battle of Magnano
April 27th: Battle of Vaprio
June 2-5: First Battle of Zurich
June 19: Battle of the Trebbia ,
August 15th: Battle of Novi
September 28th: ​​Battle of Mondovi
November 4th: Battle of Genola
  • 1805: Campaign against Austria
December 2nd: Battle of Austerlitz
  • 1806  : Campaign in Prussia and Poland
October 14: Battle of Jena and Auerstedt
Battle at Saalbourg and Schleiz
Battle of Pułtusk
Campaign in Poland
Battle of Eylau
Battle of Heilsberg
Battle of Braga

Campaign to Germany and Austria

Battle of Teugn-Hausen ,
Battle of Eckmühl ,
Battle of Aspern
Battle of Wagram
Battle of Smolensk ,
Battle of the Berezina ,
Battle of Vyazma
Battle of Krasnoye
  • 1813  : fighting in Germany
Battle of Dresden ,
Battle of Kulm ,
Teplice
Siege of Szczecin
  • 1814  : fighting in France
Siege of Bergen op Zoom
Battle of Courtrai
  • 1815: Campaign to Belgium
Battle of Waterloo

1815-1848

  • 1830: The two operational battalions were used in the campaign to conquer Algeria.
    • June 24, 1830: Battle of Sidi Khalef
    • June 25-29, 1830: Battle of Dély Ibrahim
    • July 5, 1830: capture of Algiers
    • November 17-19, 1830: expedition to Blida ( Atlas Mountains )
    • DECEMBER 17: The regiment arrives in Oran a
    • November 1831: return to France

Second Empire

Uniform head

On August 1, 1870, the regiment was assigned to the Armée du Rhin (Rhine Army). Together with the "19 e bataillon de chasseurs à pied" (19th Jäger Battalion) under Commandant Marqué, and the 27e regiment d'infanterie under Colonel De Barolet, they formed the "1 e Brigade", commanded by Général Antoine Dominique Abbatucci.
The "1 e Brigade", "2 e Brigade" under General Charles Louis de Fontanges de Couzan, two batteries of four field guns and a battery machine guns , as well as a pioneer company formed the three e Division d'Infantry (3rd Infantry Division) commanded by the Général de division Joseph Florent Ernest Guyot de Lespart .
The division belonged to the "5 e corps d'armée" (5th Army Corps) under the command of Général de division Pierre de Failly .

1871-1914

From the beginning of the III. Republic on the regiment in Béziers and Agde was in garrison. In 1907 the Languedoc Regiment refused to enforce these reprisals in the uprising of the Languedoc winemakers ( winemaker rebellion in Languedoc ).

Languedoc's winemakers had fallen victim to overproduction, high taxes and cheap imports. Because of this, unrest broke out in this region, the main product of which was wine. Finally, the uprising was put down in June by the 10 e régiment de cuirassiers from Lyon, with numerous fatalities on the part of the insurgents.

The "17e e RI", in whose ranks there were many locals from Languedoc , was relocated from Béziers to Agde . Here the men were concerned about the news that came to them from Narbonne . When ordered to return to Béziers, there were refusals of obedience, the members of the regiment gathered on the market square "crosse en l'air" (pistons in the air), where they were supported by hundreds of sympathizers. This was the climax of the uprising which ended soon afterwards without further incidents, in particular the government passed a law that allowed the chaptalization and thus increased the economy of the region. Montéhus wrote the text for the chanson "17e e RI" to which Raoul Chantegrelet and Pierre Doubis contributed the melody and in which the fraternization of the "17e e RI" with the revolting winegrowers of 1907 was honored. The military justice achieved a collective punishment, the mutineers of the "17e e RI" were transferred to compagnies disciplinaires in Gafsa in Tunisia , where, contrary to the usual procedure, they remained subject to the normal military order. So, contrary to rumors, there was no criminal prosecution of the mutiny.

During the First World War , the former mutineers were primarily sent to many bloody battles in 1914 because of their bad reputation.

First World War

Before the war began, the regiment was stationed in Gap (Hautes-Alpes) . The staff moved to Épinal in 1914 , one battalion was housed in Rambervillers and two battalions in the Caserne Haxo in Golbey . From August 1914 to December 1916 it belonged to the "25 e brigade d'infanterie" of the "13 e division d'infanterie" in the "21 e corps d'armée"

1914

1915

  • March: The recruits depot of the "17 e RI" set up two companies of the reserve regiment "414 e régiment d'infanterie".
  • August 19, 1915: Fighting at Notre-Dame-de-Lorette in the Pas-de-Calais department . Capitaine François Barthélémy Charles Gimel (fallen).
  • Aggressive fighting in Artois and September offensive near Souchez, Givenchy

1916

1917

1918

  • Aggressive fighting at Parly, Soissons, Amblény, Auberive, Saint-Hilaire, Somme-Py

post war period

Since the regiment was no longer taken into account in the French army's war planning, it was disbanded in 1921.

Marching song

“Vaillants petits soldats du 17 regiment, marche en avant! »
(« March forward, brave little soldiers of the 17th regiment! »)

Motto

"Auvergne toujours"
("All time Auvergne")

Regimental flag

On the back of the regimental flag (since Napoleonic times) the campaigns and battles in which the regiment took part are listed in gold letters.

  • Front of the last regimental flag to be used

  • Reverse of the regimental flag that was last used

  • Fourragère in the colors of the Croix de guerre 1914–1918

Awards

The flag ribbon is decorated with the Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with two palm branches (two honorable mention in the army report).

Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with two palm branches


The regiment has the right to wear the Fourragère in the colors of the Croix de guerre 1914–1918.

Known members of the regiment

  • Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur de Rochambeau Comte de Rochambeau (1827–1807), Colonel (colonel owner) of the Régiment d'Auvergne from 1757 to 1791, Maréchal de France 1791.
  • Claude-Anne de Rouvroy (1743–1819), Duc de Saint-Simon, Cadet in the Régiment d'Auvergne.
  • Jean de Spens d'Estignols, Baron de Spens d'Estignols (1735–1810), 1747 lieutenant at the age of 12, 1757 captain commandant of the "Chasseurs d'Auvergne" battalion, 1769 major in the regiment d'Auvergne, 1788 maréchal général des camps et armées du roi and Colonel (Colonel) of the Régiment de La Couronne .
  • The Chevalier du Moulin de Labarthéte, Lieutenant colonel , wounded in the battle of Kampen Abbey in 1760.
  • Louis d'Assas du Mercou known as "le chevalier d'Assas", Capitaine en second des Chasseurs d'Auvergne, killed in 1760 in the battle of Kampen Abbey.
  • Jean-François de Bourgoing (1748-1811), writer and diplomat, became an officer in the regiment after leaving the École militaire de Paris in 1768. Without ever having fought, he switched to the diplomatic service.

particularities

In 1790 parts of the regiment were used in the suppression of the mutiny in Nancy .

literature

  • Louis Susane, Histoire de l'ancienne infanterie française , Paris, Corréard, 1851
  • Labayle (Éric) et Bonnaud (Michel), Répertoire des corps de troupes de l'armée française pendant la Grande Guerre , tome 1, L'infanterie métropolitaine Unités d'active, Notices historiques, Éditions Claude Bonnaud, 464 p.
  • Ministère de la Guerre, Historiques des Corps de troupe de l'Armée Française 1569–1900, Paris, Berger-Levrault & Cie Éditeurs, 1900, 782 p.
  • Andolenko (Général), recueils d'historiques de l'infanterie française, 2e édition 1969, Eurimprim éditeurs, Paris, Imprimerie de Clairvivre Dordogne, 413 p.

Web links

Commons : Flags of the 17th regiment d'infanterie  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes and individual references

  1. ↑ Certificate par lequel le roi de France pourvoit à des charges et offices militaires
  2. ↑ Carrying the white flag became a privilege and a mark of the so-called "Corps permanents", ie the regiments intended to be permanently in existence. At that time it was otherwise quite common to set up regiments quickly as needed and to dismiss them just as quickly. However, the regiments that were temporarily set up were also given the opportunity to carry the white flag if they had proven themselves worthy.
  3. ↑ Nous étions le Nouveau Monde, Jean-Claude Germain, Hurtibise, p 145, 2009
  4. ^ Amalgams des deux armées sous la revolution
  5. ↑ Demi-brigades de première formation 1 à 50 on www.1789-1815.com
  6. ^ Amalgams des deux armées sous la Révolution / demi-brigade de seconde formation
  7. ↑ Demi-brigades de deuxième formation on www.1789-1815.com
  8. ↑ Généalogie de Benjamin de La Rochefoucauld, comte d'Estissac sur geneanet.org
  9. ↑ The Prince de Marsillac was appointed Mestre de camp at the age of 16.
  10. ↑ Claude-François de Bouthillier, marquis de Chavigny died in Guastalla December 1702
  11. ↑ Fallen December 26, 1704 during the siege of Verrua Savoia
  12. ^ Fallen in the Battle of Colorno on June 4, 1734
  13. ↑ In a failure during the siege of Prague on September 14th, one of his thighs was torn off by a cannonball. He died a few days later.
  14. ↑ Guillaume Mathieu Dumas de Saint-Marcel * on April 15, 1755 in Montpellier † on May 1, 1826 in Versailles . Later member of the National Assembly, Council of State and Général de division.
  15. ↑ Valentin Weissemburger sur-military photos
  16. ↑ Today part of the city of Tienen
  17. ↑ Near Kessel-Lo
  18. ↑ this one at the head of his regiment
  19. ^ Demi-brigades de première formation 1 à 50
  20. ↑ Combat de Mondovi en 1799
  21. ↑ Dély Ibrahim ~ Anniversaire de la Bataille ( Memento of December 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  22. ↑ Gloire au 17e , chanson écrite par Montéhus sur une musique de Raoul Chantegrelet et Pierre Doubis, en l'honneur de la fraternisation du 17e de ligne avec les viticulteurs révoltés de 1907.
  23. ^ Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie , 1907, le millésime de la colère . L'Histoire no 320, May 2007, p. 64
  24. ↑ Jules Maurin et Rémy Pech, 1907, les mutins de la République: la révolte du Midi viticole , Toulouse, private, 2007, 329 p
  25. ↑ «  Décision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT du 14 September 2007 relative aux inscriptions de noms de batailles sur les drapeaux et étendards des corps de troupe de l'armée de terre, du service de santé des armées et du service des essences des armées, Bulletin officiel des armées, n ° 27, 9 November 2007  »(German:“ Provision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 on the appearance of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the Troops of the army, the medical service and the fuel supply branch. Published with the official army bulletin No. 27 of November 9, 2007 ")
  26. ↑ "  Arrêté relatif à l'attribution de l'inscription AFN 1952–1962 sur les drapeaux et étendards des formations des armées et services, du 19 novembre 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie  " (German: "Order AFN 1952–1962 on the assignment of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the formations of the army and the services of November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie ")
  27. ↑ This also applies to units that have already been disbanded, as they can (theoretically) be put back into active service at any time
  28. ↑ deputy battalion commander
  29. ↑ Histoire de l'armée française , Pierre Montagnon, éditions Pygmalion - 1997